Panirani colors , red , white and green are the colors used on the flags of most Iranian states and peoples. Their use symbolizes the general beginning of the Iranian-speaking peoples.
Content
History
Paniran colors are rooted in antiquity. According to the Avesta , the full free population of ancient Iranian society was divided into three classes , each of which was associated with a certain color [1] :
- military nobility ( avest. raθaē-štar- ) - red color - a symbol of military valor and self-sacrifice in the name of high ideals, therefore it is considered the most revered and noble;
- clergy ( Avest. āθravan- , aθaurvan- ) - white color - symbolizes spirituality, moral purity and holiness ;
- free community members (estate of cattle-breeders-farmers) ( Avest. vāstrya.fšuyant- ) - green color - symbolizes nature, youth and prosperity. [2]
To this day in the Pamirs, red color symbolizes happiness, prosperity and joy, white - purity and clarity, green color - youth and prosperity. [3]
The tradition of using red, white and green flowers was laid in the Achaemenid empire ( 558 - 330 BC ). The Achaemenid’s standard is mentioned by Xenophon in Anabasis (I, X) and Kyropedia (VII, 1, 4) as “a golden eagle raised to a long spear ”. [4] Images of Achaemenid standards were preserved on the wall paintings of the Apadan palace in Persepolis . During excavations in the capital of the Achaemenids, archaeologists discovered a standard depicting a golden eagle with outstretched wings, holding one golden crown in each paw. The standard around the perimeter had a border of red-white-green triangles.
Judging by the Alexander mosaic , the Achaemenid standard was red.
The standard found in Apadan is exhibited in the Iranian National Historical and Archaeological Museum “Iran Bastan Museum” under No. 2436.
The symbolic role of gold as a solar metal, while silver is associated with the moon, is clearly traced in ancient Iranian culture. The symbolism of metals was associated with the division of society among all Iranian peoples into three classes - warriors, priests and free community members - farmers and pastoralists. [1] According to this scheme, the royal or military estate (since the king is necessarily a warrior and comes from the military estate) corresponded to gold and red, and the priestly - silver and white. The estates of free community members were initially associated with blue, and subsequently green.
In the flags of modern state formations of the Iranian peoples, pan-Iranian colors are interpreted differently and have different symbolic meanings.
Flags using pan-Iranian colors
Iran flag
Flag of tajikistan
Kurdistan flag
Flag of Pashtunistan
Flags of Iranian countries using pan-Iranian colors partially
Flag of Afghanistan
Flag of North Ossetia
Flag of South Ossetia
Former Paniranian Flags
The flag of Iran in 1964-1980.
The flag of Iran in 1925-1964.
The flag of Iran in 1910-1925.
The flag of Iran in 1907-1910.
Flag of the Tajik SSR in 1953-1991
The flag of Tajikistan in 1991-1992.
Flag of the self-proclaimed Talysh-Mugan Autonomous Republic
Flags of states not related to pan-Pyranism
Flag of hungary Bulgaria flag Flag of italy Flag of mexico Flag of the Republic of Belarus Flag of oman Flag of madagascar
See also
- Paniranism
- Pan-african colors
- Pan-arabic colors
- Panslavic colors
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Gafurov B. G. Tajiks: The most ancient, ancient and medieval history. IVAN USSR, Science, M. 1972. - p. 31
- ↑ Bahar, Mehrdad . Pizhuhishi dar asatir-i Iran (Para-i nukhust va para-i duyum). Tehran: Agah, 1375 [1996]. ISBN 964-416-045-2 . - p. 74 (pers.)
- ↑ Zoolishoeva Sh. F. Symbolism of color in Shugnan-Rushan national clothes // Languages and Ethnography “Roofs of the World”. SPb .: Petersburg Oriental Studies, 2005. - 112 p. - p. 39 ISBN 5-85803-304-2 (erroneous)
- ↑ Xenophon , Anabasis. King I, Chapter X. [1]