The Annunciation Church (Bel. Dabraveshansk Tsarkva) is a monument of ancient Polotsk architecture of the XII century, standing in the center of Vitebsk on the left bank of the Western Dvina . Refers to the six - pillar three - apse cross-domed churches [1] . The middle nave is wider than the side ones. Demolished in 1961, recreated in the 1990s. from modern materials.
| Orthodox Church | |
| Annunciation Church | |
|---|---|
| Belor. Dabraveshansk Tsarkva (Vіsebsk) | |
 Reconstructed Annunciation Church | |
| A country |  Republic of Belarus |
| City | Vitebsk , pl. 1000th anniversary of Vitebsk |
| Denomination | Orthodoxy |
| Architectural style | Byzantine style |
| Construction | 1993 - 1996 |
| condition | Restored |
| Website | blagvest.at.tut.by |
Content
- 1 Construction history
- 2 See also
- 3 notes
- 4 Literature
- 5 Links
Building History
Written sources did not save information about the date of construction of the Vitebsk Church of the Annunciation. Annalistic sources of the XVI — XVII centuries. - (Chronicle of Stryikovsky, Chronicle of Bykhovets ) include the construction of the church in the XIV century and is associated with the name of Prince Olgerd . The legend, fixed in the city chronicles of the 17th century, speaks of the construction of the Cathedral of the Annunciation in Vitebsk in 974 by Princess Olga simultaneously with the foundation of the city.
The first inspection of the temple was carried out at the end of the 19th century by A.M. Pavlinov , who suggested the time of its construction in the X-XII centuries, more inclined to the XI century. The first reasonable dating of the construction of the temple was put forward in the early twenties of the XX century by N. I. Brunov (who attributed it to the XII century) and has not been challenged to this day. The results of archaeological research (60 - 90 years of the XX century) led by G. Shtykhov , O. Trusov, P. Rappoport and T. Bubenko, as well as analysis and study of architectural forms, construction equipment and fragments of frescoes, give reason to date the construction of the church within the XII century and suggest participation in the construction of the temple of Byzantine masters and the use of Byzantine construction experience. [2]
The church was rebuilt several times. In 1619, by order of King Sigismund III, transferred to the Uniates . The church was badly damaged during the Northern War . In 1714, repairs were made, and in 1759 the church was rebuilt in the late Baroque style . In 1832, the church was returned to the Orthodox and in the middle of the XIX century it was rebuilt again.
The church was badly damaged during the Great Patriotic War , then blown up to set up a tram reversal circle in 1961 (according to the statement of the head of the Moscow Cultural Heritage Department Alexander Kibovsky with the approval of N. S. Khrushchev [3] , according to other sources, by decision of the city authorities), moreover the walls were kept to a height of up to 5 meters. [4] In 1968, the archaeologist M.K. Karger excavated and partially disassembled the debris. In 1977, the conservation of the ruins of the church.
In 1993 - 1998 The Church of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary was restored in the form of the XII century according to the project of the architect G. A. Lavretsky [5] with the preservation of fragments of the original masonry (wall masonry - alternating dolomite hewn blocks with two or three rows of plinths [6] ).
See also
- Architecture of the Principality of Polotsk
Notes
- ↑ Architecture of Belarus = Architecture of Belarus / Yu. Yakimovich. - Mn. : BelSE named after Petrusya Brovka, 1982.- 228 p. - (Encyclopedic Library "Belarus"). - 1000 copies.
- ↑ Church of the Annunciation in Vitebsk (Unavailable link) . Date of treatment June 8, 2010. Archived on May 28, 2011.
- ↑ Radio ECHO of Moscow :: We are looking for a way out ..., 12/19/2011 20:07 Change in urban planning policy in Moscow over the past year: Alexander Kibovsky
- ↑ Annunciation Church
- ↑ [1] Archived July 16, 2004 to Wayback Machine (unavailable link from 05/15/2016 [1241 days])
- ↑ Temple of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary Archival copy of June 1, 2009 on the Wayback Machine
Literature
- Memory: Guest-documentary chronicle of Vitebsk: At 2 pr. Prince 1st / Red. cal .: G.P. Pashkoў (gal. red.) і іnsh .. - Mn. : BelEn, 2002 .-- 648 p. - 5,000 copies. - ISBN 985-11-0246-6 . (in Belorussian)