Victory Avenue (Minsk)

The length of the avenue is about 9 kilometers. The avenue is located on the right bank of the winding Svisloch River, in some sections the river and reservoirs on it are within direct line of sight from the avenue. Most of the buildings are built on the odd side. Parallel to the avenue, 1-2 km south-west of it, are the Minsk-Molodechno-Vilnius railway line and Timiryazev Street, which duplicates the avenue.

Pobediteley Avenue begins with an overpass over the streets of Nemiga and Maxim Bogdanovich , near Freedom Square and March 8, and is a direct continuation of Lenin Street in a northwest direction. The avenue intersects with Melnikayte Street , Masherov Avenue (the first transport ring), then - with the streets of Guards , Ignatenko and Sapperov . Beyond the State Flag Square, there is a “clover” type road junction with Orlovskaya Street (second transport ring), then intersections with Kruptsy and Raduzhnaya Streets, Drozdy Passage, Narochanskaya / Tikhaya Street, Vesninka Lane and Ratomskaya Street. The avenue ends with the roundabout at the intersection with the Moscow Ring Road , and its direct continuation in the Minsk region becomes a short road of local importance.

Until 1980 it was called the Park Highway, in 1980-2005 - Masherov Avenue (in honor of the party leader Pyotr Mironovich Masherov ).

For a long time, a section northwest of the historical center of Minsk on the right bank of the Svisloch was poorly populated and did not have a regular layout. Here, in particular, the Tatar settlement was located - the place of compact residence of the Belarusian Tatars . Until 1949, a mosque operated here. Of the large buildings, only the House of Physical Education was built on the site of the Minsk Castle ^[1] .

Beginning of active development: 1960s - 1990s

The construction of the initial section of the Park Highway began in the 1960s: the Model House and several residential buildings, the Sports Palace (1963-1966, architects S. Filimonov and V. Malyshev) and four 12-story buildings perpendicular to the main highway were built - three administrative buildings of the same type (1969-1979, A. Dukhan, A. Krasovsky, V. Kramarenko, M. Vinogradov, V. Shcherbina) and the Yubileinaya Hotel (1968, G. Benediktov, V. Nacharov). In additions to high-rise buildings was located, in particular, the only Birch shop in Minsk ^[1] . Before the construction of higher structures, these four buildings were high-rise dominants of the avenue ^[2] . In 1980, the Moscow Cinema was opened (architects M. Vinogradov, V. Kramarenko, V. Shcherbina ^{[3] [4]} ), at that time one of the largest in the city. In the 1980s, sculptural compositions dedicated to the seasons and folklore holidays were installed on the odd side (sculptors A. Shaternik, L. Davidenko, Yu. Polyakov, V. Zankovich ^{[5] [4]} ), the territory was landscaped with fountains ^{[1 ]} . For some time, a chestnut alley was located in the center of the Park Highway, subsequently cut down to widen the roadway ^[4] .

In the 1970s, buildings began to be built on the odd side near the intersection with Melnikaite Street and beyond: in 1978, the Belproekt Institute building (House of Design Organizations) was built in the form of a trefoil with a partial support of the main building on V-shaped supports (architect V . Malyshev) ^[6] . Nearby were built the House of Trade Unions (1982, G. Benediktov) and the Hotel Planeta ^[1] . In 1978-1983, a residential complex was built on the avenue, consisting of structures of variable number of storeys that were complex in configuration - from 9 to 16 floors, which formed a complex silhouette in the panorama (architects N. Shpigelman, V. Krus, B. Kovalkov) ^[7] . The administrative and design buildings of the Minsk Refrigerator Plant were also built nearby. In 1985, on the even side, the Minsk-Hero City Hero complex was opened with the eponymous stele (architects V. Kramarenko, V. Evseev, V. Romanenko, sculptor V. Zankovich ^[5] ). At the beginning of the XXI century, a new building of the Museum of the Great Patriotic War was built near this stele instead of demolished on October Square; the new building was designed by one of the founders of the stela V. Kramarenko.

In the 1980s, a comprehensive development project was developed for the residential area of ​​Vesnyanka (Vesninka) in the far part of the avenue, which used features of the location and topography ^[8] . In the microdistrict of 355 thousand m² of housing, architects and builders intended to try out some new urban planning ideas, which made the district experimental-indicative, but using typical large-panel structures and projects of monolithic buildings. The area was built with minor changes in the late 1980s - early 2000s ^[9] . Nearby were the buildings of the Institute of Physical Education ^[9] . In 1987-1988, an international competition was held for the development of the Lebyazhy microdistrict, near the biological reserve of the same name in the farthest part of the avenue. The competition was won by a project of architects from Czechoslovakia, but it was not implemented ^[9] .

Until the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s, on the even side of the initial section of the avenue, there was a bus station (on March 8, closed) and the Labor Reserves stadium (demolished, partially excavated to expand Svisloch) ^[4] .

Renaming, continued active development: 2000s - 2010s

In 2005, to the 60th anniversary of the victory in World War II, it was renamed Pobediteley Avenue.

In the 21st century, construction of a number of high-rise buildings began on the avenue, some of which are among the tallest in the Republic of Belarus . In 2012, after the start of construction of the first high-rise buildings, the Deputy Minister of Architecture and Construction spoke out in support of the construction of a whole complex of skyscrapers in the initial section of the avenue ^[10] .

In 2008, construction began on the Slavyanskiy Kvartal residential complex about 90 meters high (commissioned in 2012) ^{[11] [12] [13]} .

In 2009-2014, at the very beginning of the avenue, on the site of the Rechenka cafe, a 33-story Royal Plaza business center was built (135 or 130 m with a spire, 116 m excluding the spire) - at that time the first skyscraper in the country. The project was completed by Boris Shkolnikov, a developer - a Belarusian company of a businessman of Lebanese origin, Hussein el-Badawi ^{[14] [13] [15] [16]} .

In 2010, the area near the exhibition and exhibition center southeast of the junction with Orlovskaya Street was called the State Flag Square ^[14] .

At the end of the avenue, at the intersection with Narochanskaya Street, in 2011 construction of the Lazurit multifunctional complex began. Initially, a Russian businessman promised to build a high-rise complex with streamlined shapes and solid glazing for the 2014 World Hockey Championship (the Lazurita facade went to the Minsk Arena, where half of the games took place). The central part of Lazurita, facing the intersection and facing the center of the city, was proposed to be reserved for a hotel, and the outbuildings for expensive apartments and penthouses. In 2013, the implementation of the project was slowed down, and Lazurit was handed over to Varmani, which decided to abandon the adaptation of the central part of the complex to a hotel and began to simplify the project, but the construction soon stopped again. In 2015, on behalf of Alexander Lukashenko, the object was transferred to the Capital Construction Department of the Minsk City Executive Committee. In 2016, the project was simplified again (in particular, continuous glazing remained only in the central part of the complex), and soon construction was resumed. The deadline for the entire complex, renamed "Lapis Lazuli. Crown of Minsk ”, was established for 2020. In total, the complex has 878 apartments, 37 floors, height - 127 m ^{[17] [18]} . It is one of the tallest buildings in Minsk and the country in height, and the first in terms of the number of residential floors ^[13] .

In 2011-2013, in the middle of the avenue with the involvement of workers from the DPRK , the Palace of Independence was built, which later became the residence of the President of the Republic of Belarus .

In the XXI century, in the far part of the avenue, a large cluster of sports facilities was formed. Back in the 1980s, new buildings of the Institute of Physical Education and the School of Football were built. In the 2000s – 2010s, the largest multisport Minsk-Arena in the Republic of Belarus (15 thousand seats) was built with a velodrome and a speed skating stadium, the headquarters of the National Olympic Committee, the Football House, Football Arena (2002, architect Mikhail Gaukhfeld), House rowing ^[9] . In 2015, the Sokol sports and hotel complex in the shape of this bird (architect Oleg Vorobyov), built by the Investment Fund of the Qatar Armed Forces, was opened near the football arena ^[19] . In 2018, the Palace of Rhythmic Gymnastics was opened: the building was originally conceived in the form of curly ribbons, but the project was simplified in the process and the ribbons were left only on the facade ^[20] .

In May 2014, at the end of the avenue, at the intersection with the Moscow Ring Road, the first water park in Minsk was opened ^[21] .

In the 2010s, several shopping and entertainment centers were opened on the avenue, including three large ones. In 2012, the Zamok shopping center was opened in the middle of the avenue (Tabak-invest LLC; Pavel Topuzidis) ^[22] . By the total area (over 90 thousand m²), the “Castle” at the time of opening was the largest shopping center in Minsk ^[23] . On May 24, 2013, in the far part of the avenue, opposite the Minsk-Arena complex, the Arena City (86 thousand m²) was opened ^[24] (the companies were engaged in the construction of Yuri Chizh , in 2014-2015 the object was transferred to Belagroprombank under an agreement reverse leasing, in 2019 - sold to Paragis LLC ^[25] ). The construction of the Minsk Gallery (Gallery Concept LLC; Vladimir Kheifets ^[26] et al.; 54.5 thousand m²) in the initial section of the avenue was announced in 2011. It was expected that the complex will be built for the 2014 World Hockey Championship , however, the Gallery Minsk opened only in December 2016 ^{[27] [28]} . Shopping centers vary significantly in architecture: “Gallery Minsk” - a rectangular parallelepiped with a dark facade; The “castle” combines elements of modern architecture with medieval castles, and the glass-concrete facade partially imitates a brick; Arena City is stretched along the avenue and slightly curved, the style of its facade is inspired by the opposite Minsk Arena ^{[23] [29] [30] [31]} .

• Sports Palace - Building 4.
• Museum of the Great Patriotic War - Building 8.
• Palace of Independence - Building 12.
• Cinema "Moscow" - house 13.
• Football Arena - House 20/2.
• Minsk Refrigerator Plant - Building 61.
• Minsk-Arena - building 111.

At the beginning of the avenue is the Nemiga metro station . For most of the avenue, there is an electric bus route No. 1 “Station - Vesnyanka”. Several electric buses are equipped with audio guides , which from 10:00 to 17:00 and from 20:00 to 22:00 at each stop inform about the places through which the electric bus passes ^[32] . In addition, several bus routes operate throughout the avenue, and trolleybuses run in the area of ​​the Palace of Independence and in Vesnyanka.

The trolleybus on the avenue began to go since 1967 . In 2006, his contact network in the initial part of the avenue was removed and bus number 1 was opened to replace three trolleybus routes, which has been completely transferred to electric buses since 2019 .

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  Procession of bikers on the avenue (07.24.2010)

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  Procession of Santa Clauses on the avenue (12/25/2009)

• Winners Avenue (Neopr.) . "Minsk is old and new." Date of treatment August 4, 2009. Archived April 3, 2012.
• Palace for Graces // Olga Zharina, “ Minsk Courier ” newspaper No. 203 (2042), August 4, 2010
• The development plan of Pobediteley Avenue in Minsk
• In 2012, three new metro stations and a water park on Pobediteley Avenue will open in the capital (inaccessible link)