Spiridonova Buda

In 1705, Mazepa, with his versatile diploma, allowed Spiridon Yakovlevich Shirai “above the rivers Verstionka and Lyudchnaya, in the place of the former buddha”, on which “he, Shirai, potash and little tarry, rode people abroad to settle and row, hanging around, build a mlyn (” eat a dam and build a mill). With this letter, Shirai went to the matchmaker - Colonel of the Starodubsky regiment Mikhail Miklashevsky. After reading the letter, he issued Shirai a “sedimentary sheet”, which indicated the boundaries of the land of the future settlement, or rather, not the land, but those wasteland that remained from the old forests. In 1709, Spiridon Yakovlevich Shirai died.

The eldest son of Spiridon Shirai - Stepan - immediately after the betrayal of Mazepa declared himself a supporter of the king. When Peter I at the beginning of December 1708 tried “followers,” that is, Mazepa’s supporters, Stepan Shirai was near the tsar and asked him for a certificate of possession of his father’s lands, because the previous letters issued by Mazepa were declared invalid. According to the letter of Peter I dated December 8, 1708, among other possessions beyond Stepan Shirai, the “settlement Budishche”, the current Spiridonova Buda, was approved. In 1723, there were 30 courtyards and another 23 bobyl huts (that is, huts built on other people's yards).

Stepan Spiridonovich Shirai had three sons: Fedor, Mikhail and Ivan. When sharing his father’s inheritance, Ivan Stepanovich Shirai got Spiridonov Bud.

After the death of Ivan Stepanovich Shirai in 1766, he remained with his son Dmitry, daughters Anna and Julian. Spiridonov Bud was inherited by Dmitry Ivanovich Shirai, cousin of Major General Stepan Mikhailovich Shirai . Dmitry Ivanovich Shirai was a colonel in the Russian army, adjutant to Prince A.M. Golitsyn. He lived in St. Petersburg, resigned and settled in Spiridonova Buda. And then, an incredible event happened there - D.I. Shirai opened an opera and ballet theater in the village.

In 1809, D. And Shirai dies, and the clan on his male line ceases. His possessions pass to his sister Yuliana Ivanovna, "after Gomzyakova’s husband."

Gomzyak was a cruel landowner. Introduced corporal punishment. He was distinguished by great despotism towards the peasants. Without his agreement, not a single wedding could take place; he himself ordered whom to marry. Driven to despair, the villagers decided to get rid of their master. Then the serf peasant Morenok went to Gomzyak and shot him point-blank with a shotgun in the bathhouse. But he himself could not escape. He was caught and screwed up with rods. After Gomzyak Spiridonov, Buda passed into the possession of A. Gerken. The pan had a two-story brick house (located on the site of an old high school). The villagers called him “Pan-Polochnik” for the fact that he beat peasants with sticks for any reason.

Near the village there was a church, two fairs, a textile factory, a tar and tar distillation factory, a windmill, a sugar factory, and a Rymorenko distillery (sons) with an annual production of alcohol worth almost 8 thousand rubles.

In 1870, there were about 2 thousand inhabitants in Spiridonova Buda.

After the death of Gerken, Colonel Butarev became the village manager. But he soon died and his wife announced the sale of the estate. There were no buyers. Then the nimble lawyer Pevzner rented the estate, and then sold it to the tobacco smoker Rimarenko. Rimarenko sowed only 100 acres of land with tobacco, and leased the rest of the land. A few years later, Rimarenko announced the sale of the estate. And it was bought by the landowner Rosenbach , who owned the estate until 1917. He built a distillery, a winery and a refinery in the estate.

At present, Spiridonova Buda is one of the settlements located within the boundaries of the zones of radioactive contamination as a result of the Chernobyl accident . In accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1582 of December 18, 1997, the village entered the zone of "residence with the right to resettlement" ^[1] .

In 2010, there were 243 yards in the village, 489 people lived.

In the park on the shore of the lake there is a mass grave of soldiers and partisans who died in the battles of 1941-1945. in the village of Spiridonova-Buda.

The temple was built in 1753 by order of the landowner I. Shirai on the territory of the old garden. In 1860 it was completely rebuilt.

At the beginning of the 20th century, a church was built in the center of the village. It was built by hired workers with the money raised by the inhabitants of the entire village, but this money was not enough to complete the construction. Then the residents turned to the landowner for help, he did not refuse the residents and completed the temple at his own expense. The temple was consecrated in 1914. The church turned out to be very beautiful, had several domes with crosses. The ringing of the bells of the Spiridonovobudsky church was far heard throughout the district.

Until 1889, three portraits of the same size were stored in the Trinity Church of Spiridonova Buda - a little more than two meters in height. On one of them was Spiridon Shirai with two sons, on the other his wife with two daughters, and on the third - the eldest son Stepan after he graduated from the Kiev Academy. All three portraits in 1886 became the property of the prominent historian Alexander Matveyevich Lazarevsky . Their further fate is unknown.

After the revolution , the building was a village library . Currently, the church is completely dismantled, in its place a cross is installed.

In the village there are three lakes and one river.

•   Ermakov, Vadim Konstantinovich (1972-1996) - Hero of the Russian Federation ^{[2] [3]}

• Trinity Church of Spiridonova Buda on the site "Bryansk Territory"