Hans Christian Andersen (the spelling of Hans Christian , Dan. Hans Christian Andersen , Danish is also common in Russian : [hans kʁæsdjan ˈɑnɐsn̩] ( listen ) ; April 2, 1805 , Odense , Danish-Norwegian Union - August 4, 1875 , Copenhagen , Denmark ) - Danish prose writer and poet , author of world famous fairy tales for children and adults: “The Ugly Duckling ”, “The New Dress of the King ”, “ Thumbelina ”, “The Steadfast Tin Soldier ”, “The Princess and the Pea ”, “ Ole Lukoye "," The Snow Queen "and many others.
| Hans Christian Andersen | |
|---|---|
| Hans christian andersen | |
 Photo of 1860. | |
| Birth name | |
| Date of Birth | April 2, 1805 |
| Place of Birth | Odense , Danish-Norwegian Union |
| Date of death | August 4, 1875 (70 years old) |
| Place of death | Copenhagen , Denmark |
| Citizenship (citizenship) | |
| Occupation | children's writer , poet |
| Genre | Fairy tale |
| Language of Works | |
| Awards | [d] [d] ( 1976 ) |
| Autograph |  |
| Artworks on the site Lib.ru | |
Biography
Childhood
Hans Christian Andersen was born on April 2, 1805 in Odense on the island of Funen . Father was a poor cobbler, and mother was a washerwoman from a poor family.
Andersen House in Odense
He grew up a very nervous child, emotional and receptive. At that time, physical punishment of children in schools was common, so the boy was afraid to go to school, and his mother sent him to a charity school where physical punishment was not practiced [6]
Youth
At the age of 14, Hans traveled to Copenhagen ; his mother let him go, as she hoped that he would stay there a bit and return home. When she asked the reason why he was traveling, leaving her and the house, young Hans Christian immediately replied: “To become famous!”
Tomb of Andersen
Hans Christian was a lanky teenager with elongated and thin limbs, a neck and an equally long nose. Despite his ineffective appearance, out of pity, Hans Christian was accepted into the Royal Theater , where he played secondary roles. He was offered to study because of a good attitude towards him, seeing his desire. Sympathizing with the poor and sensitive boy, people petitioned the King of Denmark Frederick VI , who allowed him to study at a school in the town of Slagels , and then at another school in Elsinore at the expense of the treasury. Pupils at school were 6 years younger than Andersen. He subsequently recalled years of schooling as the darkest time of his life, due to the fact that he was severely criticized by the rector of the educational institution and painfully worried about this until the end of his days - he saw the rector in nightmares. In 1827, Andersen completed his studies. Until the end of his life, he made a lot of grammatical mistakes in the letter - Andersen did not overcome the letters.
Mature years
Death
In 1872, the writer fell out of bed and was badly hurt. He never recovered from this fall. Andersen soon showed signs of liver cancer. He died in 1875 in the house of friends near Copenhagen.
Personal life
Andersen was never married and had no children [7] .
Creativity
In 1829, Andersen's science fiction short story, “A Hiking Journey from the Holmen Canal to the Eastern End of Amager,” brought the writer fame. Andersen writes a large number of literary works, including in 1835 - glorified "Tales". In the 1840s , Andersen tried to return to the stage, but without much success. At the same time, he confirmed his talent by publishing the book “A book with pictures without pictures”.
In the second half of the 1840s and the following years, Andersen continued to publish novels and plays, trying in vain to become famous as a playwright and novelist.
In 1871 , the premiere of the first ballet based on his tales - “ Tales in Pictures ”. Despite the fact that the premiere was unsuccessful, Andersen contributed to the presentation of the Anker Prize to the choreographer, his friend and like-minded Augustus Bournonville .
At the age of 67, Andersen fell out of bed, was hurt badly and no longer recovered from his injuries, although he lived for another three years. He died on August 4, 1875 and is buried in Assistance cemetery in Copenhagen.
Bibliography
- Das Marchen meines Lebens, Andersen's autobiography. Complete collection of his works. T. 1-2. Strassburg, neue Übersetztung mit Anmerkungen von Emil Ionas.
Famous Tales
- Storks ( Storkene , 1839)
- Godfather Album ( Gudfaders Billedbog , 1868)
- Angel ( Engelen , 1843)
- Anne Lisbeth (1859)
- Grandmother ( Bedstemoder , 1845)
- Flea and Professor ( Loppen og Professoren , 1872)
- Wandering lights in the city ( Lygtemændene ere i Byen, sagde Mosekonen , 1865)
- God will never die ( Den gamle Gud lever endnu , 1836)
- Big Sea Serpent ( Den store Søslange , 1871)
- Bronze wild boar ( former ) ( Metalsvinet , 1842)
- Elderberry Mother ( Hyldemoer , 1844)
- Bottle neck ( Flaskehalsen , 1857)
- On the day of death ( Paa den yderste Dag , 1852)
- In the nursery ( I Børnestuen , 1865)
- Merry disposition ( Et godt Humeur , 1852)
- The wind tells of Waldemar Do and his daughters ( Vinden fortæller om Valdemar Daae og hans Døttre , 1859)
- Windmill ( Veirmøllen , 1865)
- The Magic Hill ( Elverhøi , 1845)
- Collar ( Flipperne , 1847)
- Everyone know your place! ( Everything has its place ) ( Alt Paa Sin Rette Plads , 1852)
- Ven and Glen ( Vænø og Glænø , 1867)
- The Ugly Duckling ( Den grimme Ælling , 1843)
- Hans Churban (Duren Hans, Ivan the Fool ) ( Klods-Hans , 1855)
- Two brothers ( To Brødre , 1859)
- Two Girls ( To Jomfruer , 1853)
- Twelve Passengers ( Tolv med Posten , 1861)
- Yard Rooster and Vane ( Gaardhanen og Veirhanen , 1859)
- Ice Maiden ( Iisjomfruen , 1861)
- The Girl with Matches ( Den lille Pige med Svovlstikkerne , 1845)
- A girl who stepped on bread ( A girl stepped on bread ) ( Pigen, som traadte paa Brødet , 1859)
- Relocation Day ( Flyttedagen , 1860)
- Wild Swans ( De vilde Svaner , 1838)
- Puppet Theater Director ( Marionetspilleren , 1851)
- Days of the week ( Ugedagene , 1868)
- Brownie and Mistress ( Nissen og Madamen , 1867)
- The home of the petty merchant (The shopkeeper's house) ( Nissen hos Spekhøkeren , 1852)
- Road Comrade ( Reisekammeraten , 1835)
- Daughter of the Swamp King ( Dynd-Kongens Datter , 1858)
- Dryad ( Dryaden , 1868)
- Thumbelina ( Tommelise , 1835) (see also Thumbelina (character) )
- Jewess ( Jødepigen , 1855)
- Spruce ( Grantræet , 1844)
- Bishop of Berglum and his relatives ( Bispen paa Børglum og hans Frænde , 1861)
- There is a difference! ( "" Der er Forskjel! " , 1851)
- Toad ( Skrubtudsen , 1866)
- Bride and groom ( Kjærestefolkene or Toppen og Bolden , 1843)
- Green Chips ( De smaa Grønne , 1867)
- The evil prince. Tradition ( Den onde Fyrste , 1840)
- The Golden Boy ( Guldskat , 1865)
- And sometimes a pinch hides happiness ( Lykken kan ligge i en Pind , 1869)
- Ib and Khristinochka ( Ib og lille Christine , 1855)
- From the window of an almshouse ( Fra et Vindue i Vartou , 1846)
- True Truth ( Det er ganske vist!, 1852)
- History of the Year ( Aarets Historie , 1852)
- The Story of a Mother ( Historien om en Moder , 1847)
- How the Storm Outweighed the Signs ( Stormen flytter Skilt , 1865)
- How nice! ( "Deilig!" , 1859)
- Galoshes of Happiness ( Lykkens Kalosker , 1838)
- Drop of water ( Vanddraaben , 1847)
- Gate Key ( Portnøglen , 1872)
- Something ( Noget , 1858)
- Bell ( Klokken , 1845)
- Bell pool ( Klokkedybet , 1856)
- Bell Watchman Ole ( Taarnvægteren Ole , 1859)
- Comet ( Kometen , 1869)
- Red Shoes ( De røde Skoe , 1845)
- Who is the happiest? ( Hvem var den Lykkeligste?, 1868)
- Swan Nest ( Svanereden , 1852)
- Flax ( Hørren , 1848)
- Little Claus and Big Claus ( Lille Claus og store Claus , 1835)
- Little Tuk ( Lille Tuk , 1847)
- Moth ( Sommerfuglen , 1860)
- The New Age Muse ( Det nye Aarhundredes Musa , 1861)
- On the Dunes ( En Historie fra Klitterne , 1859)
- At the edge of the sea ( Ved det yderste Hav , 1854)
- At the grave of a child ( Barnet i Graven , 1859)
- In the poultry yard ( I Andegaarden , 1861)
- Dung Beetle ( Skarnbassen , 1861)
- The Mute Book ( Den stumme Bog , 1851)
- Bad Boy ( Den uartige Dreng , 1835)
- King's New Dress ( Keiserens nye Klæder , 1837)
- The nightcap of an old bachelor ( Pebersvendens Nathue , 1858)
- What the old woman Johanna told us ( Hvad gamle Johanne fortalte , 1872)
- Pearl String Scrap ( Et stykke Perlesnor , 1856)
- Flint ( Fyrtøiet , 1835)
- Ole Lukøie (1841)
- The offspring of a paradise plant ( Et Blad fra Himlen , 1853)
- Couple ( Kærestefolkene , 1843)
- Cowgirl and chimney sweep ( Hyrdinden og Skorsteensfeieren , 1845)
- Peiter, Peter og Peer , 1868
- Pen and Ink Bottle ( Pen og Blækhuus , 1859)
- Dance, doll, dance! ( Dandse, dandse Dukke min!, 1871)
- Twin Sisters ( Venskabs-Pagten , 1842)
- Under the Willow ( Under Piletræet , 1852)
- Snowdrop ( Sommergjækken , 1862)
- The Last Dream of an Old Oak ( Det gamle Egetræes sidste Drøm , 1858)
- The Last Pearl ( Den sidste Perle , 1853)
- Great-grandfather ( Oldefa'er , 1870)
- Ancestors of the Greta House ( Hønse-Grethes Familie , 1869)
- The most beautiful rose in the world ( Verdens deiligste Rose , 1851)
- The Princess and the Pea ( Prindsessen paa Ærten , 1835)
- The Missing One ( Hun duede ikke , 1852)
- Jumpers ( Springfyrene , 1845)
- Psyche ( Psychen , 1861)
- Folk Song Bird ( Folkesangens Fugl , 1864)
- Phoenix Bird ( Fugl Phønix , 1850)
- Five of one pod ( Fem fra en Ærtebælg , 1852)
- Garden of Eden ( Paradisets Have , 1839)
- Sunbeam Stories ( Solskins-Historier , 1869)
- Baby Chatter ( Børnesnak , 1859)
- Rose from the grave of Homer ( En Rose fra Homers Grav , 1842)
- Chamomile ( Gaaseurten , 1838)
- The Little Mermaid ( Den lille Havfrue , 1837)
- From the rampart ( Et Billede fra Castelsvolden , 1846)
- The Gardener and the Lord ( Gartneren og Herskabet , 1872)
- Tallow candle ( Tællelyset , 1820s)
- The Most Unbelievable ( Det Utroligste , 1870)
- Candles ( Lysene , 1870)
- Swineherd ( Svinedrengen , 1841 )
- Piggy Bank ( Pengegrisen , 1854)
- Heartbreak ( Hjertesorg , 1852)
- Silver Coin ( Sølvskillingen , 1861)
- Seat ( Krøblingen , 1872)
- Boots of Speed ( Hurtigløberne , 1858)
- The Snowman ( Sneemanden , 1861)
- The Snow Queen ( Sneedronningen , 1844)
- Hidden - Not Forgotten ( Gjemt er ikke glemt , 1866)
- Nightingale ( Nattergalen , 1843)
- Sleep ( En Historie , 1851)
- Neighbors ( Nabofamilierne , 1847)
- Old Gravestone ( Den gamle Gravsteen , 1852)
- Old House ( Det gamle Huus , 1847)
- Old street lamp ( Den gamle Gadeløgte , 1847)
- Old Church Bell ( Den gamle Kirkeklokke , 1861)
- The Steadfast Tin Soldier ( Den standhaftige Tinsoldat , 1838)
- The fate of the burdock ( Hvad Tidselen oplevede , 1869)
- Aircraft Chest ( Den flyvende Kuffert , 1839)
- Sausage Stick Soup ( Suppe paa en Pølsepind , 1858)
- The Happy Family ( Den lykkelige Familie , 1847)
- The Gatekeeper's Son ( Portnerens Søn , 1866)
- Talisman ( Talismanen , 1836)
- Shadow ( Skyggen , 1847)
- The Thorny Path of Glory ( Ærens Tornevei , 1855)
- Aunt ( Moster , 1866)
- Aunt Toothache ( Tante Tandpine , 1872)
- Rags ( Laserne , 1868)
- So what a hubby does, okay (Whatever a hubby does, everything is fine) ( Hvad Fatter gjør, det er altid det Rigtige , 1861)
- Snail and roses (Snail and rose bush) ( Sneglen og Rosenhækken , 1861)
- Philosopher's Stone ( De Vises Steen , 1858)
- Holger Dane ( Holger Danske , 1845)
- Flowers of Little Ida ( Den lille Idas Blomster , 1835)
- Kettle ( Theepotten , 1863)
- What they won’t come up with ... (What can you think of) ( Hvad man kan hitte paa , 1869)
- After a Thousand Years ( Om Aartusinder , 1852)
- What the whole family said ( Hvad hele Familien sagde , 1870)
- Darn needle ( Stoppenaalen , 1845)
- Buckwheat ( Boghveden , 1841)
- Elf Rosebush ( Rosen-Alfen , 1839)
Stories and novels
- Improvisator ( Improvisatoren, 1835)
- Just a violinist ( Kun en Spillemand , 1837)
- Invisible Pictures (collection of 33 short stories)
- Lucky Petka ( Lykke-Peer , 1870)
Films
Main article: Category: Screen versions of the works of Hans Christian Andersen
- 1941 - Swineherd in the collection Color Cinema Films
- 1966 - The Snow Queen
- 1968 - Old, old tale
- 1969 - Tale of a Tale
- 1976 - The Princess and the Pea
- 1976 - The Little Mermaid
- 1979 - Nightingale
- 1984 - Fairy's Autumn Present
- 1986 - The Secret of the Snow Queen
- 1987 - Wild Swans
- 1994 - Tin Soldier
- 1994 - The Snow Queen
- 2002 - The Snow Queen
Animation
- 1956 - The Ugly Duckling
- 1957 - The Snow Queen
- 1962 - Wild Swans
- 1963 - Piggy Bank
- 1964 - Thumbelina
- 1965 - Cowgirl and chimney sweep
- 1968 - The Little Mermaid
- 1976 - The Steadfast Tin Soldier
- 1980 - Swineherd
- 1987 - Great underground ball
- 1988 - Brownie and mistress
- 1990 - The New King Dress
- Dung-beetle
- Jumper
- Flint
- Mermaid
- Whatever the husband does is good
- Ole Lukoye
- Airplane chest
- The Steadfast Tin Soldier
- Baby Ida Flowers
- Golden treasure
- Professor and flea
- Princess on the Pea
- Christmas tree
- Swineherd
- Galoshes of happiness
- New king dress
- Bride and groom
- Old street lamp
- Bottleneck
- Gardener and family
- Ugly duck
- True truth
- Sausage Stick Soup
- Satellite
- Snowman
- Nightingale
- Hans Churban
- 2006 - Girl with matches
- 2010 - The Ugly Duckling (cartoon, 2010)
- 2012 - The Snow Queen (cartoon, 2012)
- 2013 - Frozen (cartoon, 2013)
- 2013 - The Snow Queen
- 2014 - Snow Queen 2: Re-freezing
Filmstrips
- Flint (filmstrip)
- Flint (1990) Dia-fax studio, artist N. Kazakova
- Flint (1988) Artist O. Monina
- Flint (1973) artist A. Speshneva
Andersen Films
- Hans Christian Andersen (1952), dir. Charles Widor , starring Dani Kay .
- The Academy of Pan Blots (1983) as Andersen Lembit Ulfsak
- “ Andersen. Life without love ”(2006, film by Eldar Ryazanov ) starring Sergei Migitsko .
- “The Wizard of a Dreamland” (“Life as a Fairy Tale”) (2001, USA, dir. Philip Savill).
Opera
- The opera parable The Ugly Duckling, Op. 1996, - a free opera version of Lev Konov to the music of Sergei Prokofiev (Op. 18 and Op. 22) for soprano solo, children's choir and piano. 1 Act: 2 Epigraphs and 38 fleeting pictures, lasting 28 minutes.
- The opera parable "The Girl Who Stepped on the Bread" (1980-81) - music by V. Kopytko , libretto by Yu. Borisov and V. Kopytko with the participation of V. Kotova (staged on Leningrad television, 1983, dir. D. Rozhdestvensky).
Memory
- In 1880, a monument to the writer was erected on the territory of the Danish castle Rosenborg ; King Christian IX attended the opening [8] .
- On July 2, 1985, in honor of Kh. K. Andersen, the asteroid discovered on May 2, 1976 by N. S. Chernykh at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory , was given the name " 2476 Andersen " [9] .
- The memory of Andersen is immortalized by a number of sculptures and other attractions: a statue of the Little Mermaid is installed in Copenhagen in honor of Andersen. There are statues of the storyteller in New York , Bratislava , Malaga , Moscow and Odense .
- A literary prize named after Hans Christian Andersen was established for the best works for children, awarded once every 2 years.
- In Lublin, there is the Andersen Puppet Theater [10] .
- In the city of Sosnovy Bor, Leningrad Region, there is a children's game complex Andersengrad , named after the storyteller. An amusement park, the main theme of which is Andersen's tales, is in Shanghai [11] .
- In 1935, to the centenary of the publication of Andersen's tales, a series of postage stamps of Denmark was issued.
- In 2005, on the bicentenary of the birth of Andersen, postage stamps of Belarus and Kazakhstan were issued.
- On October 14, 2017, a monument to the writer was erected in the Moscow park of the 850th anniversary of Moscow [12]
Postage stamp Belarus, 2005
Postage stamp Kazakhstan, 2005
Hans Christian Andersen Gold Medal
Postage stamp Denmark, 1935
Facts
- In the fairy tale “Two Brothers”, HK Andersen wrote about the famous brothers Hans Christian and Anders Erstedov .
- Andersen was angry when he was called a children's storyteller, and said that he writes fairy tales for both children and adults. For the same reason, he ordered that not a single child should be on his monument, where the children were originally to be surrounded by a storyteller.
- Andersen had an autograph of A. S. Pushkin [13] .
- Andersen's fairy tale “The New Dress of the King” was placed in the first primer by L. N. Tolstoy . In the original, it is called "The New Dress of the Emperor", but in the Russian translation the name was changed for censorship reasons. In Western languages, the expression "new dress of the emperor" became winged, like the expression "new dress of the king" in Russian.
- One of the writer's early fairy tales, “The Candlelight ” ( Dat. Tællelyset ), was discovered in the Funen National Archives only in October 2012 [14] .
- H. K. Andersen was the most published foreign writer in the USSR for 1918-1986: the total circulation of 515 publications amounted to 97.119 million copies [15] .
- In 2005, French artist Sarah Moon released a photographic book and a black and white film Circus , based on the story of Andersen Girl with matches [16] .
- In the cartoon "Frozen" (which was based on Andersen's fairy tale "The Snow Queen"), three heroes were named in honor of Hans Christian Andersen: Anna, Kristoff and Hans.
See also
- H.K. Andersen Prize
Notes
- ↑ artist list of the National Museum of Sweden - 2016.
- ↑ http://web.archive.org/web/20170323062220/http://jeugdliteratuur.org/auteurs/hans-christian-andersen
- ↑ http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destination/denmark/148125/A-weekend-break-in...-Copenhagen.html
- ↑ BNF ID : 2011 Open Data Platform .
- ↑ Roux P. d. Nouveau Dictionnaire des œuvres de tous les temps et tous les pays - 2 - Éditions Robert Laffont , 1994. - Vol. 1. - P. 89. - ISBN 978-2-221-06888-5
- ↑ Allen, Brooke. The Uses of Enchantment . The New York Times (May 20, 2001). Date of treatment February 5, 2015.
- ↑ Hans-Christian Andersen: the endless loneliness of the great storyteller | | 1K (Russian) (unopened) ? . Date of treatment February 8, 2019.
- ↑ Rosenborg Castle
- ↑ Circulars of minor planets for July 2, 1985 - the document must search for Circular No. 9767 (MPC 9767)
- ↑ Theater Site . Teatrandersena.pl. Date of treatment April 2, 2010. Archived August 23, 2011.
- ↑ China to open Andersen theme park , BBC News , August 11, 2006. Retrieved July 2, 2008.
- ↑ A monument to Andersen was erected in Moscow by the sculptors Vahe and Michael Sogoyan . Support Center for Russian-Armenian Strategic and Social Initiatives (October 30, 2017). Circulation date May 30, 2019.
- ↑ L. Yu. Braude , PUSHKIN'S AUTOGRAPH IN THE ARCHIVE OF G.K. ANDERSEN
- ↑ Tallow Candle: Hans Christian Andersen's 'first work' . BBC (13 December 2012). Date of treatment December 13, 2012. Archived December 19, 2012.
- ↑ Book Publishing of the USSR. Figures and facts. 1917-1987 / E.L. Nemirovsky , M.L. Platova. - M .: Book, 1987 .-- S. 311. - 320 p. - 3000 copies.
- ↑ Vasilieva E. Sarah Moon: The Circus and its heroes . // Foto & Video, 2004, No. 5, p. 15-19
Literature
- In Russian
- Grönbeck B. Hans Christian Andersen. A life. Creation. Personality. - M .: Progress, 1979.- 240 p. , [1]
- Kudryavtseva L.S., Zvonareva L. Hans Christian Andersen and his Russian illustrators for a century and a half. M .: Moscow Textbooks and Cartolithography OJSC, 2012.- 352 pp., Ill. ISBN 978-5-7853-1505-1
- “On a heavenly rainbow beyond the borders of the world” (to the 200th anniversary of H.K. Andersen). Collective monograph. Repl. ed. N. A. Vishnevskaya, A. V. Korovin, E. Yu. Saprykina. M., Science, 2008 .-- 170 s.
- Archive of magazines - No. 12 (24) '04 - 200 years of H.K. Andersen, Storyteller for life
- In other languages
- Andersen, J. Hans Christian Andersen: A New Life. - New York, Woodstock, and London: Overlook Duckworth, 2005 .-- ISBN 978-1-58567-737-5 .
- Bredsdorff E. Hans Christian Andersen: the story of his life and work 1805-75 . - Phaidon, 1975 .-- ISBN 0-7148-1636-1 .
- Rossel, Sven Hakon. Hans Christian Andersen: Danish Writer and Citizen of the World. - Rodopi, 1996 .-- ISBN 9-051-83944-8 .
- Stirling, Monica. The Wild Swan: The Life and Times of Hans Christian Andersen. - New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc, 1965.
- Terry, Walter. The King's Ballet Master. - New York: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1979. - ISBN 0-396-07722-6 .
- Wullschläger, Jackie. Hans Christian Andersen: The Life of a Storyteller. - Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2002. - ISBN 0-226-91747-9 .
- Zipes, Jack. Hans Christian Andersen: The Misunderstood Storyteller. - New York and London: Routledge, 2005. - ISBN 0-415-97433-X .
Links
- Andersen, Hans-Christian // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Hans Christian Andersen and Jenny Lind Relationship Story
- Grave of H.K. Andersen at the Asistance Cemetery in Norebro, Copenhagen (inaccessible link)
- Illustrations by Salvador Dali to the Tales of Hans Christian Andersen
- Hans Christian Andersen's Garden in Odense
- Geography of the tales of Hans Christian Andersen on Google Maps
- Hans-Christian Andersen: the endless loneliness of the great storyteller