The World Exhibition of Works of Industry, Agriculture and Fine Arts ( fr. Exposition Universelle des produits de l'Agriculture, de l'Industrie et des Beaux-Arts ) is the second world exhibition and the first in France. Russia did not take part, involved in the Crimean War [1] .
| World Exhibition of Works of Industry, Agriculture and Fine Arts | |
|---|---|
 Palace of Industry in Paris | |
| Location | |
| A country |  France |
| Playground | Champs Elysees |
| Location | Paris |
| Activity | |
| View of the exhibition | World Show |
| Status | is closed |
| Is open | 1855 |
| Time spending | May 15 - November 15, 1855 |
| Industry | industry, agriculture and art |
| Key players | 27 countries |
| Visitors | 5,162,330 people |
| Site | bie-paris.org/site/en/18… |
Content
Preparation
Napoleon III on March 8, 1853 issued a decree on holding the World Exhibition and on June 22 he confirmed his decision, adding the Department of Horticulture and Fine Arts to the future event. Prosper Merimet , Eugene Delacroix , Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres were elected to the panel of judges. The artists invited to participate in the exhibition selected their paintings with the greatest care, for the first time in history they were given the opportunity to measure themselves not only with their compatriots, but also with artists from all parts of the world [2] .
The venue chose the Champs Elysées, where pavilions of 27 countries were located on an area of 15.20 hectares [3] . In response to the London Crystal Palace in Paris, the Palace of Industry ( Fr. Palais de l'Industrie ) was erected, on the site of which the Grand Palais was built in 1900.
The exhibition was held from May 15 to November 15, 1855 and was designed to exceed the span of its London predecessor . On the opening day, the weather was not spring-like rainy and cold [4] . For the first time in France, Hector Berlioz uses an electric metronome for conducting the orchestra [5] .
Conduct
Electrical devices were demonstrated here and aluminum for the first time appeared in ingots called “silver from clay” [1] . Chemist Michel Chevrel won the gold medal for the discovery of stearin and candle manufacture from it [1] .
The existing need for a single decimal system of measures led to the establishment in 1855 in Paris of the “International Association for the creation of uniform measures”. However, this issue was actively considered during the exhibition in 1867 [1] .
While the soldiers fought on the Crimean peninsula, Queen Victoria and the French emperor together visited the exhibition, and Napoleon said that “the World Exhibition will help create strong links to make Europe one big family ” [2] .
It is estimated that 5,162,330 people visited the exhibition [3] and, nevertheless, it did not bring profits to the organizers. One of its results was the introduction of the Bordeaux wine classification system .
Gallery
Floor Plan
The main entrance of the Palace of Industry
Opening of Napoleon III World Exhibition in the Palace of Industry (lithography)
Palace of Fine Arts
Bouncer Valpinsona , Ingres . 1808, Louvre
Medal with the profile of Emperor Napoleon III
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 N.A. Mezenin 1855, Paris. Without Russia . - The parade of world exhibitions. - M .: Knowledge, 1990. - 160 p.
- ↑ 1 2 Revald John. Paris World Exhibition, 1855 .. Overview of French art. - The history of impressionism. - M .: TERRA, 2002. - 416 p.
- ↑ 1 2 1855 Paris (English) . www.bie-paris.org. The date of circulation is October 1, 2017.
- ↑ Edouard Ferdinand de la Bonninière Beaumont-Vassy. Les salons de Paris, et la société parisienne sous Napoléon III (Fr.) / Ferdinand Sartorius. - 1868.
- ↑ Hector Berlioz. Mémoires / Calman-Levy. - 1861. - p. 369.
Literature
- Charles Baudelaire . World Exhibition 1855 . Per: N. Stolyarova, L. Lipman, 1997
- Mezenin N. A. Parade of World Exhibitions . - M .: Knowledge, 1990–160 p.