Snakes , or True snakes ( lat. Natrix ) - the genus of non-poisonous snakes of the family already .
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Natrix Laurenti , 1768 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Content
Description
Real snakes are medium-sized snakes, although individual individuals can reach 1.2–2.4 meters in length. They are characterized by scales with distinct ribs, triangular internasal shields, separated by an anal shield. The teeth on the maxillary bones increase in size in the direction deep into the mouth, the last 1-2 teeth are the largest. The pupils are round, the nostrils are directed to the sides and up. The ventral side is usually spotty.
Most snakes live in moist biotopes and are more or less connected with water bodies. Snows swim well and dive, can remain under water for a long time. They feed mainly on amphibians , fish , much less often - small mammals , birds and invertebrates . Swallow the prey alive without killing it.
Eggs are laid in piles of rotting plant debris, manure, wet moss, under objects lying on the ground, in burrows.
In danger, the snakes may pretend to be dead. Captured already secretes a thick, unpleasantly smelling liquid from the cloacal glands.
Views
The most common in Russia are ordinary and water snakes. There are 4 species in the genus [1] , three of which are found in Russia [2] :
- Natrix Maura - Viper Already
- Natrix megalocephala - Colchic or big-headed
- Natrix natrix - ordinary
- Natrix tessellata - watery already
Extinct species [3] :
- † Natrix longivertebrata Szyndlar, 1984
- † Natrix merkurensis Ivanov, 2002
- † Natrix mlynarskii Rage, 1988
- † Natrix sansaniensis Lartet, 1851
Notes
- ↑ The Reptile Database: genus Natrix
- ↑ See Russian Vertebrates
- ↑ Mikko's Phylogeny Archive Archived on December 3, 2013.
Literature
- Akimushkin I. Already Original // Encyclopedia for Children. Biology. - 2nd ed. - M .: Avanta +, 1995 .-- S. 436-437. - ISBN 5-86529-012-6 .
- Ananyeva N. B. , Orlov N. L. , Khalikov R. G. , Darevsky I. S. , Ryabov S. A. , Barabanov A. V. Atlas of reptiles of Northern Eurasia (taxonomic diversity, geographical distribution and conservation status). - SPb. : Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2004. - S. 164-166. - 1000 copies. - ISBN 5-98092-007-2 .
- Bannikov A.G., Darevsky I.S., Ischenko V.G., Rustamov A.K., Scherbak N.N. Key to amphibians and reptiles of the USSR. - M .: Enlightenment, 1977 .-- S. 250—255. - 415 p. DjVu, 18Mb
- The life of animals in 7 tons / Ch. Editor V.E. Sokolov. T. 5. Amphibians and reptiles / A. G. Bannikov, I. S. Darevsky, M. N. Denisova and others; under the editorship of A. G. Bannikova. - 2nd ed., Revised. - M .: Education, 1985 .-- S. 238.