Orod II - king of Parthia from the Arshakid dynasty. Rules in 57 - 38 years BC. e. Orod II came to power with his brother, the future king Mithridates III , killing his father Fraat III . He was married to Laodike, daughter of the ruler of Kommagena, Antiochus I of Kommagensky .
| Orod II | |||||||
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| Greek ΟΡΩΔΗΣ | |||||||
 Coin Orod II. | |||||||
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| Predecessor | Phraat III | ||||||
| Successor | Phraat IV | ||||||
| Birth | |||||||
| Death | |||||||
| Kind | Arsakids | ||||||
| Father | |||||||
| Spouse | |||||||
| Children | and | ||||||
History
Orod II was elevated to the throne by the hereditary commander of the Parthian army Surena Mihran , who overthrew King Mithridates III, who took refuge in Roman possessions. Soon, Mithridates III resumed the struggle, occupied Babylon and Seleucia . However, Surena stormed Seleucia and starved Babylon to surrender, after which Mithridates III was executed by the sentence of Orod.
During the reign of Orod II, with the beginning of the invasion of Crassus , the era of open confrontation between Parthia and Rome began, but Crassus was defeated at the Battle of Carrah - by the same commander Surena Mihran - in 53 BC. e. and died during the retreat.
After defeating Crassus, with the further capture of many areas in Mesopotamia, Orod II considered the high authority and popularity of Surena too dangerous for himself - and, by order of Orod II, Surena was killed. The new commander of the Parthian army was the son of Orod II, Prince Pakor.
Invasion of the Parthian army in Syria in 51 BC e. was reflected by the quaestor Crassus Cassius In 50, Pacor rebelled against Orod II, but soon reconciled with his father, receiving from him the title of heir and co-regent king.
In 40 - 41 years BC. e. the Parthians, taking advantage of the next civil war in Rome between the members of the Second Triumvirate, Anthony and Octavian , conquered and annexed many regions in the Near East and Syria to Parthia. A great help was rendered to them by a defector, the Roman commander Quint Labien .
In the years 39 - 38, the commander Anthony Ventidius Bass inflicted a number of defeats on the Parthians and expelled them from Roman possessions. At the same time, Orod's son, Prince Pakor, died. Orod II appointed another son, Fraat, the future king of Fraat IV, as his successor. Soon Orod II was deposed and killed by order of Fraat.
Links
Literature
- Dibvoiz N.K. Political history of Parthia / Per. from English, scientific ed. and bibliographic Appendix V.P. Nikonov. - SPb. : Faculty of Philology, St. Petersburg State University, 2008. - 816 p. - (Historical Library). - ISBN 978-5-8465-0638-1 . [one]
- Orod // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Malcolm AR Colledge: The Parthians. Thames and Hudson. London 1967. p. 37-44.
- Theodore Mommsen History of Rome. Volume III State Political Publishing House 1941, pp. 277–286.