Mineral water

• Mineralnye Vody (Kumskaya) ^[3]
• Min Water (in common use)

The city is located in the Kuma River Valley, 172 km southeast of Stavropol . The city has an airport connecting the Caucasian Mineral Waters region with other regions of Russia ^{[4] [5]} , a junction railway station of the North Caucasus Railway on the Armavir - Prokhladnaya line with a branch to Kislovodsk , and the federal highway M-29 Caucasus . From here you can get to the resort cities of Zheleznovodsk , Pyatigorsk , Essentuki , Kislovodsk , as well as to the city of Lermontov .

The city stands at the foot of Mount Zmeyka , most of which is occupied by the Beshtaugorsky forest massif , and part from the side of the city is a formidable view of cliffs and quarries connected by serpentine old roads. In the middle of the last century, the building breed was actively developed here, a stone processing factory worked. In good weather, the peaks of Elbrus are visible from the city, to which 91 km are in a straight line. From the city you can go to it on a sightseeing bus, on roads this distance will increase to 250 km.

Rivers

Kuma , Surkul , Dzhemukha .

Climate

The climate of the city is relatively dry, moist air masses from the Black Sea do not reach here, they are delayed by the Main Caucasian Range. The climate of Mineralnye Vody is characterized by contrast - summers are hot, dry, winters are slightly frosty. Spring and summer are clearly expressed. The coldest months are January and February, the warmest are July and August. Spring begins in late February.

Summer begins in early May. It is warm and long (about 140 days). Autumn begins in early October. The best time of the year for leisure and travel is autumn. It is sunny, dry, rich in fruits and bright colors of landscapes. Precipitation in the city falls extremely unevenly in the seasons of the year and ranges from 300 mm to 600 mm per year.

The city of Mineralnye Vody is located mainly in the steppe zone. The plains here have long been mastered, plowed and built up, virgin areas with a silver feather are preserved only in small fragments along the roadsides. Here, in addition to feather grass, fescue, fine-footed grass, and wheat grass grow on soils, Veronica turns blue in spring, gray leaves of white-and-white dubrovnik appear in summer, yellow elecampane baskets, prickly poppy sockets. At the foot of the mountain on solonetzic soils Crimean wormwood, cochia creeping and Kermek abundantly occur. The fauna of the territory is significantly reduced and changed by man. In the steppe areas, you can occasionally see a hare, roe, jerboa, gray hamster, hedgehog, and steppe ferret. Vole mice live here. The mounds of land are lined up, which indicates the underground work of the common mole rat. There are also eagle, hawk, owl and owl.

The city owes its birth to the construction of the Rostov-Vladikavkaz railway (construction was completed in 1875 ^[6] ). The nodal station with a branch to Kislovodsk was called Sultanovskaya , since it was located on lands belonging to the Nogai Sultan Mengli-Girey and his descendants since 1826 ^[4] . At that time, in the exclusion zone (the territory belonging to the joint-stock company of the railway limited by a concrete wall), about 500 workers lived, serving the local engine depot, station and other railway enterprises. And nearby, on the lands of the Sultan of Dzhanbek Giray , new settlers soon settled with his consent. These were mainly artisans and tradesmen who supplied their wares and goods to railway workers. The settlers filed a petition with the authorities to form the village . In 1878, the village received legal status and the name Sultanovsky ^{[4] [5]} .

On May 17, 1894, regular trains opened on the Mineralnye Vody – Kislovodsk section ^[7] .

In 1906, the village of Sultanovsky was renamed Illarionovsky - in honor of Count I. I. Vorontsov-Dashkov, appointed governor of the Caucasus ^[4] .

In October 1921, the village and the station were combined and became the city of Mineralnye Vody ^[4] with a population of 14 thousand people. ^[8] .

In 1929-1930, enterprises appeared for the extraction and processing of non-metallic materials - the Zmeyka stone crushing plant and the Beshtownit mine. After the construction of the airport in 1925, the city became an important point on the main airways of the USSR. In 1924, the Mineralovodsk district was formed by a decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee.

Theodosius of the Caucasus (1841-1948) from 1931 to 1948 lived in Mineralnye Vody, after returning from the Solovetsky Islands, accepting the feat of foolishness. In recent years, he lived with novices in a small damp house with low ceilings. In December 1994, in the Stavropol diocesan administration, the diocesan council raised the question of studying the life of Hieroschimonk Theodosius and worshiping him as a saint of God. The relics of St. Theodosius of the Caucasus are in the Church of the Intercession of the Holy Virgin .

In the early days of World War II, 18 thousand mineral workers went to the front. Their jobs were taken by women and children. Some enterprises switched to the production of military products. 6,269 residents of the city were awarded orders and medals, 12 people were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. In the war killed 7 thousand minerals.

On the evening of August 8, 1942, the 40th German Panzer Corps of Baron Leo-Geir von Schweppenburg’s 1st Panzer Army approached the northern bank of the Kuma River, where he was met by the city’s defenders, students of the Novocherkassk Cavalry School. On August 10, the city was occupied by Nazi Germany. The Mineralnye Vody railway station was an extremely important object, through it was the provision of German troops advancing in Vladikavkaz and Baku. In the building of the railway station was the German commandant’s office, where interrogations were conducted. Outside the city, the glass factory had a deep anti-tank moat, in which massacres of civilians were daily conducted. More than 10 thousand people from all the Caucasian Mineral Waters were killed and buried there.

On January 11, 1943, a Soviet tank battalion under the command of Captain Petrov entered the city along the railway line from Prokhladny, advancing in the direction of the railway station, where the main enemy forces were concentrated. At the same time, rifle units entered the city. Soviet troops blocked several trains with German equipment, uniforms and food at the station. On the street "50 years of October" is a memorial to tankers with a T-34-85 tank.

After the war, Mineralnye Vody became one of the largest cities in Stavropol.

On November 2, 1956, the city of Mineralnye Vody was assigned to the cities of regional subordination ^[9] .

On June 5, 1964, the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR decided to limit the registration of citizens in the resort towns of Pyatigorsk, Kislovodsk, Zheleznovodsk, Essentuki, Mineralnye Vody and the surrounding villages of the Stavropol Territory ^[10] .

On January 1, 1983, the Levokumsky village council was subordinate to the Mineralovodsk City Council, which included the village of Levokumka (center) and the Sadovy farm ^[11] .

On November 9, 1991, Shamil Basayev committed his first attack by hijacking a plane from Mineralnye Vody Airport. The plane with 178 hostages on board was supposed to fly to Yekaterinburg , but Basayev ordered the pilots to head for Ankara ^[12] .

Mineralnye Vody is the only one of the 19 cities of the Stavropol Territory that does not have official symbols - the coat of arms and flag ^{[13] [14] [15] [16] [17]} .

For the first time, the question of creating the symbolism of the city was raised in the second half of the 1960s. In July 1965, the Caucasian Health Resort newspaper published a collective letter signed by employees of the Pyatigorsk Museum at Kavminvody , as well as V. Fukyev, chairman of the Kavminvod branch of the USSR Union of Architects and B. Abidov, chief architect of Pyatigorsk , who asked readers to express their opinion on the need development of emblems of Kislovodsk , Essentuki , Zheleznovodsk , Mineralnye Vody and other cities that are part of the Caucasian Mineral Waters ^[18] . Soon, the first responses and suggestions of residents of the resort region appeared on the pages of this publication, including the mineral water surveyor B. Ivantsov, who represented the emblem of his city as follows: “In the foreground ... an electric locomotive, and above - a floating passenger passenger plane ... Mountains to the left and right ... . Let the background be a panorama of the Caucasian ridge with the handsome Elbrus ” ^[19] . Subsequently, a similar image was distributed on one of the collection badges ^{[20] of the} so-called Pyatigorsk series, which was produced by several souvenir factories in the city of Pyatigorsk ^[21] . Moreover, according to the Russian Center for Flag Studies and Heraldry, "the emblem of the city in this form did not exist and was not approved" ^[20] .

At the beginning of 1971, the Mineralovodsk city committee of the CPSU and the executive committee of the city council announced a competition for the best sketch of the coat of arms of Mineralnye Vody, information about which appeared on the first page of the January issue of the Caucasian Health Resort ^[22] . However, in the end, the jubilee emblem developed in 1998 (on the 120th anniversary of the founding of the city) by local artist S.N. Valuisky became an unofficial symbol of the capital of the Mineralovodsk district: “In the scarlet shield , in a circle on a gold base there is a mountain, one slope of which is green, and the other is black. Around the mountain there are symbols of aviation, transport, a golden ear and a fragment of gear. ” The main figure - the mountain - was associated with the natural attraction of Mineralnye Vody - Mount Zmeika; the remaining figures denoted the international airport, railway station and industrial facilities located in the city (in particular, the 411GA aircraft repair plant ^[23] ) ^[24] . In September 1998, the image of this emblem appeared on a symbolic stele at the entrance to Mineralnye Vody, built according to the project of the city’s chief architect L. G. Semin ^[25] .

During the municipal reform, the city ​​of Mineralnye Vody was endowed with the status of an urban settlement and, as a municipality, received the right to its own emblem and other official symbols reflecting historical, cultural, socio-economic, national and other local traditions ^[26] . Work on new symbols began in 2010 ^[14] . The need for its creation, as noted in the program of socio-economic development of the city of Mineralnye Vody for 2011-2015, was due to the fact that "the existing symbols are not approved according to the heraldic hierarchy, are not officially registered and morally outdated" ^[15] .

On June 24, 2010, at a meeting of the heraldic commission under the governor of the Stavropol Territory , 10 designs of the coat of arms of the city of Mineralnye Vody were considered, developed by the heraldry artist S. E. Mayorov (Stavropol) and public figure I. Kh. Iliadi (Mineralnye Vody). Following the discussion, commission members recommended the city administration for approval option No. 10 “with the image of a fork-shaped cross with an eagle and the sun rising from the base of the shield” ^[27] , describing it as “the most acceptable and heraldically correct” ^[28] .

On February 25, 2011, by the decision of the City Duma, the composition of the commission was determined, which was engaged in the development of the sketch of the coat of arms and the flag of the city. In March of the same year, a public hearing was held in the city administration building to discuss the sketch of the coat of arms and flag - the official symbols of the city of Mineralnye Vody ^[15] . As a variant of the coat of arms, taken as the basis ^[15] , the project was executed, executed by S. E. Mayorov ^[14] : “In the azure field of the shield is a silver, overturned, raised fork-shaped cross , on top of it is a black eagle flying up to the right with upturned wings, having golden: eye, beak, paws, claws, in the paws a key of the same metal. Below is the emerging golden sun (without a mask) ” ^[29] .

The proposed coat of arms project expressed such features as the name of the city Mineralnye Vody, its location at the entrance to the resort region of Caucasian Mineralnye Vody and its role as the main transport hub of the North Caucasus. The main figure of the coat of arms was a silver overturned fork-shaped cross, the three beams of which, closing in the center, symbolized three types of transport arteries converging in the city (air, rail, road). The cross was also considered as a protective symbol - both for the city and for the passengers of this transport hub. A flying eagle with a golden key in its paws was associated with the well-established symbol of the Caucasian Mineral Waters, the key and gateway to which is the city of Mineralnye Vody. The same feature of the city, which serves as the "gateway to the Caucasian Mineral Waters", is reflected in the opening formed by the two lower rays of the cross. The main colors of the coat of arms project (azure and silver), correlated with water signs, strengthened the symbolism in the name of the city and, together with the image of the golden sun rising from the base of the shield, reminded that an important part of the beneficial effects on the health of vacationers in the Caucasian Mineral Waters are mineral springs in combination with the sun and air ^[29] .

In the process of further consideration, this emblem was rejected by the city administration. At a meeting of the heraldic commission under the governor of the Stavropol Territory, held on June 30, 2011, the secretary of the commission, N. A. Okhonko, reported that "the work began on profiling the heraldically correct coat of arms into some artistic canvas" ^[28] .

By March 2015, in connection with the beginning of the “process of active reorganization” in the city and the region, the development of official symbols in Mineralnye Vody was suspended ^[14] . However, it was no longer possible to resume it, since in June of that year all the municipalities that were part of the Mineralovodsk municipal district of the Stavropol Territory were transformed, by combining them, into the Mineralovodsk City District ^[30] , as a result of which the city of Mineralnye Vody lost its status urban settlement, and with it the rights to the coat of arms and flag ^[31] .

As of January 1, 2019, in terms of population, the city was in 222 place out of 1,115 ^[54] cities of the Russian Federation ^[55] .

National composition

According to the 2010 All-Russian Population Census ^[56] :

The composition of the city of Mineralnye Vody includes the village of Evdokimovsky. It was founded on July 7, 1861 ^[57] . Unregistered on June 1, 1963 ^[58] .

• GBUZ SK Mineralovodsk Regional Hospital (in its structure has a hospital, city clinic, children's city clinic, emergency medical station, maternity hospital, dental clinic).
• NUZ "Department clinical hospital at the Mineralnye Vody station of Russian Railways" (in its structure has a hospital and 2 outpatient departments).

the Internet

Caucasus Internet Service, Post Ltd, Boca & Co., Rostelecom, Beeline, MTS

Landline phone

Stavropol branch of Rostelecom

2G / 3G / 4G Cellular

MegaFon, Beeline, MTS, Yota

Higher education

• North Caucasian branch of the educational institution “Belgorod State Technological University named after V. G. Shukhov
• Branch of the educational institution “Rostov State University of Railway Engineering” in Mineralnye Vody
• North Caucasian Institute (Branch) of the educational institution "Moscow Humanitarian Economic Institute"

Vocational education

• Stavropol Regional College of Music named after V.I.Safonova. Opened on April 19, 1969 as the Mineralovodsk College of Music ^[59]
• Mineralovodsk Regional Multidisciplinary College.
• Mineralovodsky College of Railway Transport
• Socio-Economic College "Perspective"
• Mineralovodsky branch of the Rostov Trade and Economic College
• Mineralovodskaya Technical School of DOSAAF of Russia. Opened May 15, 1969 as a technical school of DOSAAF ^[60]

Secondary education

• Secondary school number 1
• Grammar School № 2
• Lyceum number 3
• Secondary school number 4
• Secondary school number 5
• Secondary school number 6
• Secondary school number 7
• Secondary school No. 14
• Secondary school number 20
• Grammar school № 103
• Lyceum № 104
• Secondary school No. 111

Preschool Education

• Kindergarten number 1 "Scarlet Flower"
• Kindergarten number 2 "Golden Key"
• Kindergarten number 4 "Firefly"
• Kindergarten number 5 "Dolphin"
• Kindergarten number 6 "Baby"
• Kindergarten number 7 "Ivushka"
• Kindergarten number 8 "Fairy Tale"
• Kindergarten number 9 "Forest Tale"
• Kindergarten No. 11 "Goldfish"
• Kindergarten number 12 "Alyonushka"
• Kindergarten number 13 "Crane"
• Kindergarten number 14 "Fawn"
• Kindergarten number 15 "Stork"
• Kindergarten number 16 "Little Red Riding Hood"
• Kindergarten number 33 "Rainbow"
• Kindergarten number 62 "Asterisk"
• Kindergarten number 73 "Sparkle"
• Kindergarten number 95 "Swallow"
• Kindergarten number 103 "Cheburashka"
• Kindergarten number 198 "Snow White"

Continuing Education

• The House for arts and crafts for children
• Center for Continuing Education
• Children and Youth Sports School Mineralnye Vody

• MBUK "Centralized Club System" (Central House of Culture in Mineralnye Vody)
• MBUK "Centralized Library System" (in the city of Mineralnye Vody there are 8 libraries).
• Children's Art School. D. B. Kabalevsky
• Children's art school
• Children's music school

The city has more than 30 large and medium enterprises and organizations. Of them:

• 3 enterprises specialize in the production of food products (Mineralovodsky Bakery, water company "Old Source", the company for the production and bottling of water "Don");
• 3 organizations are engaged in publishing and printing activities (publishing house "Caucasian Health Resort", "Mineralovodskaya Printing House", printing house "Lotus");
• 1 enterprise produces plastic products (Stavroplast);
• 13 enterprises and organizations produce other products (Mineralovodsk Stone Processing Plant; Mineralovodsk Branch of OAO Irkutsk Precast Concrete Plant; enterprises Stavropolsnab, S7 Engineering, Liner, BaT, Askania Aqua, Brewery - CMS "; fur company" Rokar ", confectionery workshop" Sweet World ") ^[61] .
• “Aircraft repair plant 411GA” ^{[ specify ]}

Air Transport

In the western part of the city there is an international airport of the 1st class “Mineralnye Vody”, from where passenger transportation by air is carried out ^[62] .

Railway transport

The city has a Mineralnye Vody railway station with railway infrastructure enterprises that are part of the Mineralovodsk region of the North Caucasus Railway . Mineralnye Vody Station is the main passenger station in the resort area of ​​the Caucasian Mineral Waters .

Automobile transport

Mineralnye Vody is the center of international road transport in the North Caucasus Federal District ^[62] . The federal highway P217 "Caucasus" and the highways of regional and local significance pass through the city.

In the city there is a bus station "Kavminvodyavto", from where regular bus services (intercity, intermunicipal) to various cities and towns of the Stavropol Territory, subjects of the North Caucasian, Southern Federal District and others are carried out.

Public transport

The public transport of Mineralnye Vody is represented by small-capacity buses (fixed-route taxis) and private taxis serving city and suburban routes ^{[63] [64]} .

Register of regular bus routes in the territory of the Mineralovodsk city district :

• No. 1 railroad Station - pos. Kumskoy
• No. 2 railroad Station - pos. Anzhievsky
• No. 2A railway Station - pos. Andzhievsky (Krasnogvardeiskaya St.)
• No. 3 railroad station - s. Levokumka
• No. 3 A train station station - s. Levokumka
• No. 5 railroad Station - ZAO Stavropolsnab
• No. 5 A train station Station - Gelatin Plant
• No. 6 railroad Station - ARZ - 5th kilometer
• No. 6 A train station station - 5th kilometer
• No. 8 railroad station - 2nd microdistrict
• No. 11 railroad Station - Airport
• No. 13 railroad Station - pos. Evdokimovsky
• No. 14 railroad Station - pos. Evdokimovsky
• No. 16 railroad station - market
• No. 17 railroad station - x. Red Plowman
• No. 101 train Station - Pionerskaya (Novotersky settlement)
• No. 102 railroad Station - pos. Zagorsky
• No. 102 A train station station - microdistrict - pos. Zagorsky
• No. 103 railroad station - x. Renaissance
• No. 104 Bus station - with. Runaway
• No. 105 railroad station - s. Kangly
• No. 106 Bus station - Prikumskoye village
• No. 108 Bus station - with. Civil
• No. 110 train station - s. Ulyanovka
• No. 111 PATP — channel “Broad” channel - with. Maryins Wells
• No. 112 railroad station - x. Slavic
• No. 113 railway station - s. Maryins Wells
• No. 113А Bus station - with. Sukhaya Padina - s. Maryins Wells
• No. 114 Bus station - with. Greek
• No. 115 Bus station - x. Passing
• No. 116 Bus station - with. Nagutskoye
• No. 121 railroad station - x. Garden
• No. 121 A train. station - microdistrict - x. Garden
• No. 122 train station - p. Borodynovka
• No. 232 Bus station - with. Lower Aleksandrovka

• Vsevolod Maksimovich Popov - karateka, multiple champion of Russia and Europe, three-time world champion and MSMK.

Russian Orthodox Church

• St. Nicholas Church - st. Liberty, 94. The temple was built in 1950 and consecrated in honor of the Protection of the Mother of God. On November 19, 1997, by order of Metropolitan Gideon, it was renamed in honor of St. Nicholas (due to the completion of the construction of a new church of the Protection of the Mother of God in the city of Mineralnye Vody)
• Cathedral of the Protection of the Holy Virgin - ul. Pyatigorsk, 35
• Church of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary - School Street, 2a. The temple was built on the site of a square in the courtyard of the College of Music. V.I.Safonova. The square, in turn, was defeated at the site of the Intercession Church destroyed in the 30s of the XX century
• Church of the Holy Royal Martyrs

Seventh-day Adventist Church

The Seventh Day Adventist Church is located on ul. Liberty 95

Church of Evangelical Christian Baptists

The Baptist house of worship is located on the street. Knyshevsky, 67

• Andryushchenko, Grigory Yakovlevich (1905, the village of Illarionovsky, now the city of Mineralnye Vody - 1943) - a Soviet officer, a participant in the civil, Soviet-Finnish and Great Patriotic Wars. Hero of the Soviet Union, Guard Colonel
• Anfinogentova, Anna Antonovna (1938, Mineralnye Vody) - economist, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences
• Bibik, Alexey Pavlovich - writer
• Gulyanitsky, Alexey Feodosievich (1933, Mineralnye Vody) - conductor, People's Artist of Ukraine
• Minakov, Vasily Ivanovich (1921, the village of Illarionovsky, now the city of Mineralnye Vody) - Major General of Aviation, Hero of the Soviet Union. Honorary Citizen of Mineralnye Vody
• Prygunov, Alexander Vasilievich (1907, Mineralnye Vody - 1943) - Hero of the Soviet Union
• Shein, Grigory Andreevich (1926) - a participant in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, a holder of orders of Glory of the III degree and World War II of the II degree ^[57]

• Mass grave of the red partisans who died in the civil war of 1918-1920 ^[65] .

• Monument to V.I. Lenin - the intersection of Karl Marx Avenues and the XXII Party Congress. It was installed on November 5, 1960.
• Monument-memorial "Fire of Eternal Glory" to the soldiers who died during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. Opened May 9, 1976 ^[57]
• Monument to General Ermolov .
• Monument to the tankmen on the Dzhemuha River.
• Monument to St. Sergius of Radonezh, erected in December 2014.
• Monument to Peter and Fevronia at the entrance to the local registry office, installed July 9, 2013.
• Airplane Mig-17
• Monument to A. S. Pushkin

• The Museum of Aviation Engineering at the territory of Plant No. 411 Civil Aviation ^[66] .