The National Philharmonic of Lithuania ( lit. Lietuvos nacionalinė filharmonija ) is the main and largest concert organization of the Republic of Lithuania . In July 1998, the Philharmonic was granted the status of a national cultural institution. General Director of the National Philharmonic Society Ruta Prusyavichene.
Among the creative groups of the Philharmonic Society are especially well known
- Lithuanian National Symphony Orchestra (founded in 1940 ; artistic director and chief conductor, People's Artist of the Lithuanian SSR, Republican Prize Laureate Juozas Domarkas ), Honored Collective of the Lithuanian SSR;
- Lithuanian Chamber Orchestra (founded in 1960 ; for a long time worked under the direction of People's Artist of the Lithuanian SSR Saulius Sondeckis (also Honored Collective of the Lithuanian SSR, Republican Prize Laureate, 1971 ) and Lenin Komsomol Prizes ( 1978 );
- Lithuanian Quartet (founded in 1968 ; People's Artist of the Lithuanian SSR E. Paulauskas, Honored Art Workers of the Lithuanian SSR K. Kalinauskaite-Fledzhinskene and J. Fledzhinskas, Honored Artist of the Lithuanian SSR R. Kulikauskas), Honored Artist of the Lithuanian SSR, Laureate of International Competitions in Budapest and Liège , subsequently the quartet of M.K. Čiurlionis;
- Vilnius String Quartet (founded in 1965 ; Audrone Vainiūnaite, P. Kunza , Donatas Katkus , Augustinas Vasiliauskas), laureate of the international competition in Liege;
- Chamber ensemble “Musica humana” (founded in 1974 ).
Content
History
It was established in December 1940 , was called the State Philharmonic of the Lithuanian SSR . Initially, the Philharmonic Society had three musical groups - a symphony orchestra, a mixed choir and a folk song and dance ensemble. In the 1970s, the Philharmonic Society had eleven branches in the cities and districts of the Lithuanian SSR.
In the past, philharmonic
- pop ensembles “Neriya”, “Nyamuno Zhiburyay” (“Lights of the Neman”), “Vilnius Aidai”;
- the jazz trio Ganelin - Tarasov - Chekasin ( 1971 - 1986 ).
Building
The two main concert halls of the Philharmonic Society (Bolshoi and Malyi) are located in the Old Town of Vilnius on Aushros Wartu 5 (in Soviet times 69 Gorky Street ). The administration and cash desks are also located here.
Building History
At the beginning of the 16th century , there was a Russian (or Moscow) guest house at this place. In the second half of the XIX century, the building of the courtyard was demolished. In 1902, according to the project of architect Konstantin Koroyedov, the city government built the City Hall building here. Performances and concerts were given in the City Hall, lectures were held, various kinds of entertaining events took place. Since 1904, the oldest Lithuanian bookstore in Vilnius was located in this building on the ground floor.
On June 6, 1905, a Lithuanian evening was held in the Hall of the City Hall, at which a choir performed under the direction of composer Mikas Pyatrauskas . A year and a half later, on November 6, 1906, the premiere of the first Lithuanian opera Birute took place here (composer Mikas Pyatrauskas, author of the libretto Gabrielus Landsbergis-Ziamkalnis ). One of the leading parts was performed by the young soloist Kipras Pyatrauskas , later the people's artist of the USSR. The performance was also attended by Maria Pyasackaite-Shlapälene , Antanas Zhmujdzinavicius and other famous figures of Lithuanian culture.
On December 4 - 5, 1905, a congress of Lithuanians, known as the Great Vilnius Diet , was held in this building. During the First World War , a German hospital operated in the City Hall.
In the same building , December 15, 1918 at the first meeting of the Vilnius Council of Workers' Deputies, Soviet power was proclaimed in Vilnius. After the Second World War , a corresponding memorial plaque was removed on the wall of the building, removed after the restoration of independence of Lithuania. The significance of the historical events associated with this building led to its inclusion in the list of historical monuments of republican significance.
Established in 1940, the State Philharmonic of the Lithuanian SSR was housed in the former City Hall building. In the same building during the Soviet period, congresses of the Communist Party of Lithuania , various conferences, ceremonial meetings and meetings of public organizations of the republic and the city were held.
Architecture
The author of the project of the City Hall with the Γρand Hotel ( 1899 - 1902 ) was the architect Konstantin Koroedov, a graduate of the Institute of Civil Engineers in St. Petersburg , who held the post of urban engineer in Vilna. According to his projects, about forty buildings were built in the city. The city hall belongs to the most important and most significant projects of Koroyedov and is the first large multi-purpose building in Vilnius.
The building was reconstructed after the fire in 1907 - 1912 by the architect Vaclav Mikhnevich , also a pupil of the Institute of Civil Engineers with an architectural style close to Koroyedov’s style.
The four-story building with magnificent, pompous forms is built in an eclectic style (aka historicism ) made of brick , plastered in the plan in the form of the letter T. The main east facade with a central risalit and two risalits on the sides faces Aushros Vartu street, the north one is on Pasajo lane. The dome, reminiscent of the forms of French Baroque, followed the model of the Paris Opera . The facade is decorated with rust , which gives a sense of solidity, and is decorated with pilasters and stucco moldings.
The building of the former City Hall is included in the Register of Cultural Property of the Republic of Lithuania as a state-protected object of national importance (code 10361 [1] ).
Notes
- ↑ Miesto salės rūmai (lit.) . Kultūros vertybių registras . Kultūros paveldo departamentas prie Kultūros ministerijos. Date of treatment December 13, 2016.
Literature
- Maciejka U., Goodinas P. Vilnius. City Guide / Translated from Lithuanian by D. Gelpernas. - Vilnius: State Publishing House of Political and Scientific Literature of the Lithuanian SSR, 1962. - P. 121-126. - 392 p. - 15,000 copies.
- Papshis A. Vilnius. - Vilnius: Mintis, 1977. - S. 126-127. - 280 p. - 35,000 copies.
- Daugudis, V., Mardosa, J., Zemaitite, Z. and other 300 cultural monuments / Comp. Z. Zhemaitite. - Vilnius: Mintis, 1984. - S. 29-30. - 270 p. - 10,000 copies.
- Bauža, Česlovas. Filharmonijos rūmai // Lietuvos TSR istorijos ir kultūros paminklų sąvadas. - Vilnius: Vyriausioji enciklopedijų redakcija, 1988 .-- T. 1: Vilnius. - S. 235-236. - 592 p. - 25,000 copies. (lit.) .
Links
- Lietuvos nacionalinė filharmonija (English) (lit.)