The real tinder ( Latin Fomes fomentarius ) - a widespread mushroom - tinder fungus , saprophyte.
The real tinder | ||||||||||||||
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 Fomes fomentarius on a live birch trunk | ||||||||||||||
| Scientific classification | ||||||||||||||
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| Latin name | ||||||||||||||
| Fomes fomentarius ( L. ) Fr. , 1849 |
Russian synonym:
- Blood sponge , rarely used.
Scientific synonyms :
- Boletus fomentarius L., 1753 basionym
- Polyporus fomentarius (L.) Fr., 1821
- Fomes griseus LΓ‘zaro Ibiza , 1916
- Ungulina fomentaria (L.) Pat. , 1900
and etc.
Content
- 1 Description
- 2 Ecology and distribution
- 3 Economic value
- 4 Chemical composition
- 5 notes
- 6 References
Description
Fruit bodies are perennial, sessile, rounded in youth, then of a characteristic hoof-like shape. The fruiting body is attached to the tree trunk only with its upper central part. The leg of the mushroom is missing.
The hat is large, in old mushrooms up to 40 cm wide and up to 20 cm in height. The skin is matte, uneven, wavy, with concentric rollers, darker in the recesses. Small cracks may occur on the surface. The color of the hat varies from light gray to dark gray in old mushrooms, occasionally there are light beige tones.
The pulp is dense, soft, resembles a cork, occasionally woody. On the cut velvety suede. By the color of brown, saturated reddish-brown, less often a nutty shade.
The tubular hymenophore with rather large rounded pores, light color. When pressed, it darkens.
Spore powder is light, whitish.
Spores 14-24x5-8 microns oblong, colorless, smooth.
There is no similarity with other species. The characteristic features of this species are the color of the cap and the fastening of the fruiting body. Unlike a false tinder , a real tinder is much easier to separate from the tree. This is especially noticeable if you make an effort from the bottom up.
Ecology and distribution
The real tinder fungus - saprophyte , causes white rot , woody tissue becomes fragile and brittle. It is very widespread, in Russia and Europe it is found everywhere on deciduous trees ( birch , aspen , alder , oak , beech and others). Most often appears on dead trees, dead trees and stumps, but can weaken and weakened living trees. Infection of living trees occurs through cracks and damage to the bark, broken branches.
Economic value
The real fungus causes damage to forestry and parks with the defeat of living trees.
In ancient times, it was widely used by people as a raw material for tinder . Found in equipment of the Ezi mummy.
The internal tissue of the fruiting body is used in folk medicine as an external hemostatic agent, hence the folk name for this fungus - a blood sponge.
Previously limitedly used in surgery, now not applicable.
Occasionally, it can be used as a raw material for handicraft making souvenirs .
Dry tinder fungus is sometimes used by beekeepers as fuel for the smoker.
Chemical Composition
Antitumor substances were found in the fungus [1] .
Notes
- β Medicinal plants and their use. Ed. 5-5, rev. and add. "Science and technology." Mn., 1974. 592 p. with silt. (AN BSSR. Institute of Experimental. Botany named after V.F. Kuprevich)