Plesiadapiformes (lat.) Is an extinct suborder of mammals , included in the order of primates [1] . It is sometimes regarded as a detachment in the world order of primatomorphs (primates), as a precursor of primates.
| † Plesiadapiformes |
Plesiadapis ( Plesiadapis ) |
| Scientific classification |
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| No rank : | Bilateral symmetrical |
| Squadron : | Euarchontoglires |
| Grand detachment : | Euarchonta |
| Suborder : | † Plesiadapiformes |
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| International scientific name |
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Plesiadapiformes
Simons & Tattersall, 1972 |
Geochronology66.0–40.4 Ma | million years | Era | F-d | Era |
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| | Th | TO
but
th
n
about
s
about
th | | 2,588 | | | 5.33 | Pliocene | N
e
about
g
e
n | | 23.03 | Miocene | | 33.9 | Oligocene | P
but
l
e
about
g
e
n | | 55.8 | Eocene | | 65.5 | Paleocene | | 251 | Mesozoic |
◄ Nowadays◄ Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction |
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Outwardly resembled a protein , had developed incisors. Purgatorius even had a diastema , like rodents . Apparently, they were small insect or fruit-eating mammals and spent most of their time on trees. Representatives of the genus Purgatorius probably had about 10 cm in length and about 37 grams of weight [2] .
The remains of representatives of this suborder were found in North America and Central Europe.
Suborder Plesiadpiformes is represented in a fossil state ( 66.0–40.4 Ma ago [3] , mainly the Paleocene ) and first appeared in the Cretaceous period ( Maastricht , Montana , Saskatchewan ), although many of its representatives died out by the beginning of the Eocene .
| Euarchontoglires | | Glires |
| Rodentia ( rodents ) |
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| Lagomorpha ( hares , rabbits , pikas ) |
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| | Euarchonta |
| Scandentia ( obtuse ) |
| | Primatomorpha |
| Dermoptera ( Woolwing ) |
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| Primates ( Plesiadapiformes , wet-nosed , dry-nosed ) |
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Purgatorius , the primary species of primates, found a period when there were no mammalian predators, birds of prey had not yet developed to pose a threat to the purgatorius, and dinosaurs had already become extinct. At the end of the Paleocene and the beginning of the Eocene, the conditions changed. The first birds of prey appeared, creating a real danger for Plesidiamorphs - owls. The remains of owls of that period are also found with the bones of primates. The first mammalian predators appeared - teriodonts, they were able to climb trees and move on the ground, which created a threat to primates.
About 120 fossil species have been discovered. The position of the Paromomyida family (Paromomyidae, about 20 species) remains controversial. Some biologists - Rose & Bown (1982), Bloch, Boyer, Gingerich & Gunnell (2002) - classify him as Plesiadapiformes, and others Pettigrew et al. (1989), McKenna & Bell (1997) - to the order Dermoptera (woolly wings). The skeletons of Ignacius clarkforkensis and Dryomomys szalayi , 56 million years old, discovered in 2007 made it possible to classify the genus Ignacius as plesiadiscripts [4] . The genus Altiatlasius , which was first assigned to the Toliapininae subfamily in the Microsyopidae family (Jaeger & Sigé & Sudre & Vianey-Liaud, 1990), is now referred to as Omomyidae (Fleagle, 1999).
- Suborder Plesiadapiformes
- Micromomyidae Family
- Genus Chaliconomys (Beard & Houde, 1989)
- Genus Micromomys (Szalay, 1973)
- Genus Tinimomys (Szalay, 1974)
- Genus Dryomomys (Bloch, Silcox et al., 2007)
- Superfamily Paramomyoidea
- Family Paromomyidae - about 20 species
- Genus Paromomys (Gidley, 1923)
- Genus Simpsonlemur (Robinson & Ivy, 1994)
- Genus Elwynella (Rose & Brown, 1982)
- Genus Arcius
- Genus Dillerlemur (Robinson & Ivy, 1994)
- Genus Ignacius (Granger & Matthew, 1921)
- Genus Phenacolemur (Matthew, 1915)
- Genus Pulverflemur (Robinson & Ivy, 1994)
- The Picromomyidae Family - Wyoming Eocene
- Family Palaechthonidae
- Picrodontidae Family - Paleocene of Canada
- Microsyopidae Family - Wyoming Paleocene
- Superfamily Plesiadapoidea
- Chronolestidae Family
- Plesiadapidae Family
- Genus Plesiadapis (Gervais, 1877) - about 15 species
- Superfamily Carpolestoidea
- Family Carpolestidae
- Genus Carpocristes (Beard & Wang, 1995)
- Genus Carpodaptes (Granger & Matthew, 1921)
- Genus Carpolestes (Simpson, 1928)
- Genus Carpomegodon (Bloch, Fisher, Gingerich, Rose, 2001)
- Genus Elphidotarsius (Gidley, 1923)
