Concrete pump

• on mobility
  • mobile - are installed on the cargo chassis of almost all well-known manufacturers, often called Concrete Pumps or abbreviated as ABN. Concrete pumps are designed for efficient and effective delivery of freshly prepared concrete mix in horizontal and vertical directions directly to the place of laying in conditions when large volumes of concrete are to be laid in a short time, and also when the mobility of the concrete-supplying equipment at the construction site is important. Most often used in the early stages of construction of various projects, or in the construction of small and medium-story residential buildings;
  • stationary - do not have the possibility of independent movement on public roads. Mounted on the chassis for ease of movement around the construction site. Transported in a truck or on a trawl. Most often used for the construction of high-rise buildings, the world record was set by Putzmeister - 606 m, or to supply the mixture over long distances horizontally.
  • concrete pumps mounted on a cargo chassis without an arrow - have ABN mobility,
• by type of concrete supply
  • Piston - concrete is pressed through the system with one or two pistons.
    • Curtain - the feeder is separated from the concrete duct by the curtains,
    • Gate - the feed mechanism is separated from the concrete duct by the gate assembly,
      • S-type
      • C type.

Concrete pumps - concrete pumps mounted on a truck chassis together with concrete distribution booms are used in the early stages of the construction of low-rise or high-rise buildings and other structures. This technique is indispensable for laying concrete, building bridges, roads and other engineering structures from monolithic and reinforced concrete. Concrete pumps are designed for efficient and effective delivery of freshly prepared concrete mix in horizontal and vertical directions directly to the place of laying in conditions when large volumes of concrete are to be laid in a short time, and also when the mobility of the concrete-supplying equipment at the construction site is important. Differ in mobility, speed and accuracy of giving.

In 1927, when using a concrete tower, engineers Max Guise and Fritz Helle came up with the idea of ​​pumping concrete from a concrete mixer directly to the place of use. At the same time, it was necessary to keep energy consumption low compared to using a concrete tower. The reduced water content in the concrete saved not only energy, but also helped the material harden quickly and reliably. Gravel or crushed rocky material has also found application. Concrete was supplied to a height of 38 m, and the feed range was 120 m.

In 1968, Putzmeister launched the first concrete pump of this brand. In 1969, the market for concrete pumps was 45%. The model range included pumps with boom lengths from 11 to 25 meters with a package of three sections, and the capacity of the concrete pump plant reached 125 m3 / h, with a mixture pressure of up to 50 bar (it is important not to be confused with the pressure in the hydraulic system). The length of the cylinders reached 3000 mm with a diameter of 230 mm.

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  Docking point when supplying concrete from a concrete mixer to a concrete pump

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  The working condition of the concrete pump, the middle part of the boom

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  Concrete pump operating condition, boom top

Types of Pumps

Rotary

The rotary pump is a simple, compact discharge system that operates without a special gate. Concrete is supplied thanks to the rollers that are located in the rotor housing and at the same time press on the supply hose (pump with compressible sleeves). Thanks to this, the rotary pump is the only system on the market that, when properly installed, is a thick material feed system.

Piston Pumps

Single-piston concrete pumps began to be used in Germany since the twenties of the XX century. Currently, two-piston concrete pumps are mainly used, which are driven by an electric or diesel engine by converting hydraulic energy into mechanical energy. The pistons of the feed pump are connected to each other through a hydraulic drive cylinder and operate in antiphase. The drives for concrete pumps are mainly hydraulic, although the control system may differ depending on the manufacturer. The following options are distinguished: a purely hydraulic system, an electro-hydraulic system, drives of an open and closed hydraulic circuit, and one or two-loop control. Each system has its advantages and disadvantages.

Pump Structure

The pump consists of:

• Drive cylinders;
• Cooling boxes;
• Feed cylinders;
• Switching gate cylinders;
• Bunker with agitator (mixer);
• Shiber;
• Lubrication systems;
• Hopper guard;
• Vibrator of the protective grid of the hopper.

Gate types

From the point of view of mechanics, the “heart” of a concrete pump is a gate, which can be flat, wedge-shaped, in the form of a rotary pipe, s- shaped, in the form of a trunk, delta-gate, etc. There is no gate in the rotary pump.

• Curtains
• S-gate (installed on almost all modern pumps)
• C-gate

Slide Pumps

After prolonged use of various systems with a gate, all the advantages and disadvantages of each system were revealed. Sealing the gate to the cylinder or to the pump outlet can be technically made simpler and better. With other types of gates, for example with a flat gates, this is hardly possible.

The most important requirement for a gate is its density (thickness), since when pumping each seam, especially under high pressure, can lead to protrusion on the concrete surface and to cracks. Another additional but important requirement for the gate is wear resistance, for economic and service reasons. If necessary, a driver who works on this equipment could independently replace the gate without the help of a specialist. Manufacturers try to meet these requirements by using new, wear-resistant materials or by refining parts of the gate. Wear resistance depends largely on criteria such as aggregate adhesion, material flow rate and pressure.

Concrete pumps are designed to transport concrete to the place of laying. They are indispensable when you need to pump a large amount of concrete mix in a relatively short period of time without loss of quality and increase operating costs. The supply of the mixture can be carried out both in horizontal and vertical direction.

For example, the German company Putzmeister produces two types of pumps for conveying concrete: concrete pumps (mounted on car chassis) and stationary concrete pumps.

Putzmeister concrete pumps are used in the construction of residential and commercial buildings, tunnels, bridges, roads, high-rise buildings (for example, when laying the foundation for the construction of underground parking lots and the construction of ground floors), the full-fledged construction of low-rise buildings and other structures.

Stationary concrete pumps are involved in the construction of high-rise buildings, tunnels and other structures in conditions where the use of automobile concrete pumps is not possible according to the technical parameters of the project or working conditions. For example, the mixture must be submitted to the ceiling at a height of over 70 meters and an area of ​​more than 30 m². In most cases, a concrete pump is used in conjunction with concrete piping systems and distribution booms.

• 715 meters - a record height of concrete supply, achieved during the construction of the Parbati hydroelectric power station (India) in August 2009 with a Schwing Stetter pump ( see Concrete pump ).
• 305 meters - the height of the tallest building in the world, the entire volume of concrete for which is laid by one concrete pump - (JP Morgan Chase Tower, Houston, Texas, USA)
• more than 2 kilometers - a world record for horizontal concrete supply ^[1] .
• in 2014, the BSA1409D pump supplied concrete to a distance of 900 meters during the construction of the metro in St. Petersburg.
• in 2008, the concrete mix was supplied by BSA14000 SHP D concrete pumps to a height of 606 meters, during the construction of the Burj Khalifa, UAE.

• GOST 27336-93 Concrete pump. General specifications
• Construction vehicles. Handbook, ed. V.A.Bauman , 2 ed., M., 1959
• Barlyaev K.M. and Alekseev S.N. , Concrete pumps, M., 1953
• Alekseev S.N. , Pump transport of concrete mix, M., 1952
• Asheko S.M. and Uspensky A.M. , Work of concrete pumping plants, L.—M., 1955
• Matveev B.P. , Organization and production of concrete work in hydraulic engineering, M. — L., 1957.
• The Russian market of concrete pumps in 2012. The situation in the construction industry (the journal "Fixed assets")
• Pumps for the supply and distribution of concrete mix (Concrete pumps) (inaccessible link)
• Encyclopedia of modern technology (publishing house "Soviet Encyclopedia")

• Self-loading concrete mixer truck
• Concrete mixer truck
• Concrete
• Gravity Concrete Mixer