Dvernitsky, Yousef

Jozef Dvernitsky was born on March 19, 1779 in Warsaw , came from an old noble family . In 1799 he began service in the horse artillery of the Grand Duchy of Warsaw .

In 1809, while living in his Podolsky estate, Dvernitsky formed a small equestrian detachment, which he gave to Napoleon for the war with Austria , and took part in the Vinyavka case, was awarded the Polish Order of Virtuti militari and the French Legion of Honor for distinction. Then appointed by the commander of another Ulan regiment formed by him, Dvernitsky took part in the campaign of the Great Army against Russia , distinguished himself in battles at Mira, Mogilyov and Bobruisk .

In 1813, being in the Polish division of General Dombrovsky and commanding the 4th Uhlan regiment, Dvernitsky took part in the Leipzig battle , and in 1814, during the capture of Paris by the Allies , put them to the last resistance with his 2nd Uhlan regiment.

Upon the conclusion of peace, Dvernitsky returned to Poland and was appointed commander of the 2nd Uhlan regiment of the new army of the Kingdom of Poland . Made in the major generals of the Russian service and divisional generals of the Polish, Dvernitsky, on behalf of the Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich was engaged in the drafting of a new cavalry charter for the new Polish army.

In the years 1830-1831, Dvernitsky took the most active part in the uprising of the Poles, and at the very beginning of him at Stocek turned the horse rangers of General Geismar to flight. Joining then with Seravsky , Dvernitsky in early February broke the vanguard of General Kreutz , but after learning of Dibich ’s movement towards Prague , he did not use success, but moved back.

Appointed divisional general, Dvernitsky received instructions to invade Volyn and Podolia . Having pushed aside the Russian insignificant forces, he occupied Lublin and, after a series of clashes with the troops of General Ridiger , reached the River Styry , but was defeated at Boremle and the Lublin tavern. Thrown back to the Austrian border, he moved to Galicia , but here his detachment was stopped and disarmed by the Austrians and sent into the Austrian Empire , and Dvernitsky himself was sent first to Ljubljana , then to Steyer (in Eastern Austria). In 1832, Dvernitsky fled to France , where he was among the founders of the Polish National Committee, but at the insistence of the Russian government for preparing a new uprising in Poland, he was expelled and moved to England .

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In the second half of the 1840s, Dvernitsky moved to Austrian Galicia and in 1848, while living in Lviv , received an invitation from the interim Milan government to become the head of the Lombard troops in an uprising against Austria, but declined.

Jozef Dvernitsky died on September 23 (October?) 1857 in the town of Lopatin .

Dvernitsky was not a stranger to literary activity. He wrote: “Odpowedź na pismo pt Uwagi Kar. Róźyckego nad wyprawa Generala Dwernickiego na Ruś ”(London, 1837),“ Pamietniki ”(Lviv, 1870) and others. In Paris in 1844, it was published “Notice biographique sur la vie et les travaux militaires de M. le général D.”.

• Dvernitsky, Joseph // Military Encyclopedia : [in 18 t.] / Ed. VF Novitsky [et al.]. - SPb. ; [ M. ]: Type. t-islands I. D. Sytin , 1911-1915.
• Myakotin V. A. Dvernitsky, Joseph // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 tons (82 tons and 4 extras). - SPb. , 1890-1907.