The Old Kramatorsk Machine-Building Plant is an enterprise in Kramatorsk, Donetsk region, Ukraine. It is located between the Kazenny Torets river in the east and the Kramatorsk station in the west, between the Mayachka river in the north and the overpass on Narodnaya street in the south. City-forming enterprise in the 1890s - 1930s In 2009, it provided 3% of the industrial output of Kramatorsk.
| Starokramatorsky Machine-Building Plant | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Type of | Open Joint Stock Company |
| Base | 1896 |
| Former names | Kramatorsk Metallurgical Society (KMO), Kramatorsk State Machine-Building and Metallurgical Society (KGMMZ or KGMZ) |
| Founders | K. Gamper |
| Location | Kramatorsk |
| Industry | heavy engineering |
| Products | rolling equipment, coke equipment, track machines, metallurgical equipment, material handling machines |
| Net profit | ▼ 15,526 (2010) mln. UAH |
| Number of employees | 1097 (2014) |
| Site | SKMZ.dn.ua |
History
July 1896 - Konrad Gamper, a businessman of German descent, bought a piece of land from the landowners Taranov-Belozerovs and built a mechanical plant.
September 1896 - The Hamper plant began operations. Cranes, equipment for mines, metal-cutting machines were produced.
1897 - a foundry and a mechanical workshop were built (now an iron foundry is in its place).
May 15, 1899 - on the basis of the engineering company "V. Fitzner and C. Gamper, established by the Kramatorsk Metallurgical Society (KMO).
May 1900 - the mechanical assembly shop No. 1 was built.
1900 - at the international industrial exhibition in Paris, cars produced by KMO were awarded the Grand Prix .
1902 - a factory three-year school was opened.
- The production of rolling equipment has begun.
1904 - a boiler-forging workshop was built (now a metalwork workshop).
February 10, 1905 - workers' strike. The councils of deputies were elected , the police were organized.
December 13 - 15, 18, 1905 - workers' strikes. On December 14, the police were disarmed, and prison inmates were released. December 15 seized the post office, telegraph and bank. The performance of the workers is crushed by the Don Cossacks .
In the first half of 1906, G. I. Petrovsky worked at the plant [1] .
July 14, 1906 - the administration closed the plant due to a boycott of workers.
1907 - a new school building was built.
- started production of rolling mills.
1908 - after concluding an agreement with the German company " Demag ", the plant began to specialize in rolling, metallurgical and mine equipment.
By 1909, the plant had 6 steam, 75 electric engines and 3 dynamos with a total capacity of 7.5 thousand liters. with.; annual production - 7 million rubles.
In March 1909, a severe flood occurred, the work of the plant was disrupted.
1910 - at the international industrial exhibition in Paris, cars produced by KMO were awarded the Grand Prix for the second time.
Since 1911 V. Ya. Chubar worked as a scribbler in the boiler room.
May 9 ( senior article ) 1912 - a fire brigade was organized [2] .
In 1912, N. M. Shvernik worked as a turner in the tool shop.
By 1913, the factory had 265 cars with a total capacity of 22.1 thousand liters. S., 2 blast furnaces; annual production - 12 million rubles. Production range: iron structures, cranes and hoisting machines, winches, compressors, pumps, steam engines, steel equipment, rolling machines, presses.
1913 - the fixed capital of the company - 7.2 million rubles.
- The three-year school at the plant became four-year.
By the beginning of the war, the average monthly wage of an employee was 39 rubles [1] .
1914 - foreigners are excluded from the number of shareholders. During the war years , the plant also produced artillery barrels , carriages , ambulances, and shells .
Due to the lack of working hands due to mobilization since 1914, women began to be employed as workers.
1915 - the shell workshop was built, in which half of all workers work. Repair of locomotives was also carried out.
- due to mobilization, the shortage of workers was filled by the Chinese.
- construction of the main office building (directorate).
In the early years of the war, the average monthly wage of an employee was 36 rubles [1] .
1916 - a metal bridge was built across Torz .
- The factory replenished with new types of machines.
- The right was acquired for 36 years of mining coal in Cherkasy volost.
- The owners of the plant received more than 5 million rubles. net profit.
March 2, 1917 - workers stopped the plant and staged a rally on the occasion of the February Revolution .
June 18, 1917 - strike.
1917 - due to lack of money supply for settlements with workers and engineering personnel, the Directorate issued temporary banknotes in denominations of 1, 3, 5, 10, 25 and 100 rubles. The paper of KMO booms had protection - watermarks, but they did not come into circulation.
1919-1920 - more than a hundred armored trains were built by decree of the Revolutionary Military Council .
November 17, 1920 - by a resolution of the Presidium of the Ukrsovnarkhoz, the plant was nationalized , received the name Kramatorsk State Machine-Building and Metallurgical (KGMMZ or KGMZ).
December 17, 1920 - production stopped due to financial and commodity crisis.
June 1, 1922 - by a resolution of the Presidium of the Ukrsovnarchoz, the plant was transferred to the Mining Coal Industry (Donugl).
1922 - Shell shop is transformed into a subsidiary.
- At the factory, a school of FZU was created.
January 1, 1923 - the forge and boiler shop is divided into two workshops.
October 1, 1925 - the plant was removed from subordination to Donugol and transformed into a KGMMZ trust .
May 1, 1927 - an information and rationalization department was created.
June 29, 1927 - the newspaper Kramatorskaya Domna began to appear (on September 19, 1930 it was transformed into the city newspaper Kramatorskaya Pravda).
1928 - for the first time in the USSR, metallurgical casting cranes with a lifting capacity of 175-200 tons were built.
1929 - in connection with the construction of a new heavy machine-building plant, KGMMZ became part of the Krammashstroy plant.
1930 - the buildings of the design department were built (from August 16, 1946 - the central laboratory and the department of the main metallurgist) and the main store.
November 6, 1930 - the factory palace of culture named after Lenin (architect A.I. Dmitriev). Destroyed during the war, the new building was built in 1944.
April 8, 1931 - the first issue of the corporate newspaper (Ukrainian) “Chervoniy Mashinobudivnik” was published. From the 53rd issue it was called “For Metal and Machines”, in February 1933 - 1935 - (Ukrainian) “Kramatorskiy Mashinobudivnik”, from 1935 - “Mashinostroitel”. It was not published from September 1941 until October 1, 1952.
1931 - electric welding is used instead of riveting .
- A 120-ton bed for the first Soviet blooming was made.
June 1, 1934 - by order of the People’s Commissariat, the enterprise was divided into two factories: Starokramatorsky machine-building and Kramatorsk metallurgical .
August 19, 1935 - the plant is named after Sergo Ordzhonikidze .
1935 - a trademark was created: a hammer inside a five-pointed star, around the star - a half gear. The specialization of the plant is determined - forging and rolling equipment, cranes.
June 1937 - a pioneer camp in Svyatogorsk was opened.
1939 - the building of the department of the chief power engineer was built.
1940 - mechanical assembly shop No. 3 was founded.
June 26, 1940 - a decree of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR introduced a 7-day working week and an 8-hour working day.
May 1941 - mechanical assembly shop No. 4 was commissioned.
July-October 1941 - in the 4th workshop they produce aerial bombs, in the 2nd (now instrumental) - shells, in the RMC - machine guns, in the 1st and 3rd - ship artillery mounts .
October 1-8, the plant was targeted Luftwaffe raids. As a result of direct hits of heavy bombs, two factory buildings were destroyed, hundreds of workers were killed and injured [4] ..
October 8, 1941 - the People ’s Commissariat issued instructions for evacuation to the Irkutsk Heavy Engineering Plant named after V.V. Kuybysheva. The evacuation continued on October 12-20. The plant began working at a new location in late December. .
During the occupation, the plant belonged to Krupp .
September 7, 1943 - the restoration of the SKMZ began.
1943 - an auxiliary workshop was turned into a tool room.
1945 - Petrovsky checkpoints were built
November 13, 1945 - a technical information department was created.
August 16, 1946 - the department of the main metallurgist was formed.
August 26, 1946 - a special workshop No. 5 for artillery installations for the fleet was organized on the area of the 4th workshop.
November 9, 1946 - on the 50th anniversary of its restoration after the war, for the development of production and production of metallurgical equipment, the plant was awarded the Order of the Red Labor Banner .
November 1946 - a monument to S. Ordzhonikidze (architect A. I. Mendelevich and sculptor A. A. Tits) was unveiled.
1946 - busts of Lenin [5] and Stalin (now do not exist) are opened in the factory.
1947 - in Leningrad, a book by N. I. Drevetnyak “The Guard of Mechanical Engineers” about the history of SKMZ was published.
1949 - export of cars is started.
December 1949 - a new building of the model workshop was built.
In 1952, the first stamping 10-ton steam-air hammer was manufactured.
1953 - in the 10th workshop, rocket carts were launched.
May 1955 - a pioneer camp in Svyatogorsk was opened.
1956 - a kitchen factory was built.
April 18, 1956 - the blacksmith and thermal workshops are combined.
1953 - March 6, 1960 - construction of an electric shop.
1961 - the construction of the engineering building is completed.
1962 - the factory sports team became known as Prapor.
1963 - The roll shop was built.
October 24, 1967 - in honor of the victory in socialist competition, the plant was awarded a commemorative red banner.
November 4, 1967 - a memorial to the factory workers who died in the war was opened.
September 22, 1971 - the plant was awarded the Certificate of Honor of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Ukrainian SSR for the development of new highly productive rolling equipment.
March 19, 1973 - the gear workshop was launched.
1973 - the Information and Computing Center began work.
September 14, 1976 - SKMZ became the parent enterprise of APPO software , which also included NIPKTI and the Millerovsky Machine-Building Plant named after Gavrilova.
1978 - the lock manufacturing workshop was commissioned.
1981 - The cold rolling mill workshop was launched.
1982 - A 9-storey administrative building was built.
December 30, 1982 - the factory museum was opened in the building of the head office.
1983 - A building was built for the department of automated production control systems (OACUP).
July 20, 1990 - the metalware ( bimetallic plates) workshop was launched.
1990 - production of consumer goods (furniture, dishes, etc.) was launched.
1991 - Workshop No. 10 for pipe production was opened.
1992 - Workshop No. 11 for the production of building products was opened.
- The building of the energy workshop was built.
1993 - the production of gas columns was established in the machine shop.
September 1993 - cinder block production started.
January 3, 1994 - the health department was turned into a polyclinic.
February - May 29, 1995 - privatization of the enterprise. The property is estimated at 1 trillion 53 billion carbovanets .
1999 - Production of track machines started.
2000 - The Palace of Culture is transferred to the city.
2006 - production of coke equipment was launched.
- A new workshop for large steel structures was opened.
January 23, February 2, 2009 - workers' strikes demanding payment of wage arrears and improvement of working conditions.
Images
sign on the engineering building
a stele between the Petrovsky checkpoints at the bridge over Torets
Finance
In 2008, products were sold for 320 million UAH. Assets 334 million UAH. The authorized capital of SKMZ OJSC is UAH 59 million.
At the end of 2010, the net profit of the enterprise amounted to 15.526 million hryvnia [6] .
Headcount
| year | 1897 | 1899 | 1909 | 1912 | 1913 | 1914 | 1916 | 1917 | 1918 | 1921 | 1924 | 1926 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| people | 400 | 2000 | 1700 | 1470 | 2981 [7] | 1340 | 4063 | 4084 | 2315 | 2000 [1] | 2151 | 5500 |
| factory | KMO | KGGMZ | ||||||||||
| year | 1932 | 1936 | 1940 | 1967 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2006 | 2008 | 2010 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| people | 4200 [1] | 5530 [8] | 3201 | 7189 | 6539 | 4529 | 4200 | 1942 | 2292 | 1400 | 1097 [9] | 1076 | 1015 |
| factory | SKMZ | ||||||||||||
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 History of cities and villages of the Ukrainian SSR, Donetsk region.
- ↑ Technopolis No. 21 (514) dated 23 / V / 2002 (Unavailable link) . Date of treatment June 13, 2009. Archived January 6, 2009.
- ↑ Kramatorsk money. Legend or true story?
- ↑ Degtev, Teeth, 2012 , p. 206.
- ↑ photo of the bust of Lenin in 1985
- ↑ SKMZ received 15.5 million net profit in 2010
- ↑ History of cities and villages of the Ukrainian SSR. Donetsk region.
- ↑ 1st edition of TSB , vol. XXXIV, art. 537
- ↑ Who is the owner of Kramatorsk?
Sources
- UkrRudProm.ua
- Shlyakhtichenko N.D. Starokramatorsky Machine-Building Plant: Essays on the History of 1896-1996. - Kharkov: JV "INART", 1996. - 350 p.
- Kulikov V. A. Kramatorsk Metallurgical Society Plant // Russia in the First World War. 1914-1918: Encyclopedia: In 3 vols. - Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2014 .-- S. 125-135.
- Philosophy of modern engineering interview magazine - Invest-Ukraine
- Dmitry Degtev, Dmitry Zubov. Strategic operations of the Luftwaffe. From Warsaw to Moscow. 1939-1941. - M .: Centerpolygraph, 2012 .-- 280 p. - ISBN 978-5-227-03803-6 .