Evdokia Iliopolskaya (d. C. 160-170 years) - an early Christian saint , revered as a martyr . Memory in the Orthodox Church takes place on March 1 (14), and in the Catholic Church on March 1 .
| Evdokia Iliopolskaya | |
|---|---|
| Εὐδοκία | |
 19th century icon | |
| Birth | |
| Death | OK. 160-170 |
| In the face | Martyr |
| Day of Remembrance | in the Orthodox Church - March 1 (14) , in the Catholic Church - March 1 |
Content
Life Story
Evdokia was Samaritan by origin, lived in the Phoenician city of Heliopolis . She was distinguished by beauty and, being a harlot , earned a huge fortune. It was converted to Christianity by the monk Herman. According to her life, her baptism was preceded by the appearance of Eudokia Archangel Michael , who tore her from the clutches of Satan .
Having become a Christian, Evdokia gave all her fortune to Bishop Theodot of Heliopolis, and she herself received tonsure at a convent located near the monastery in which Herman lived. After the death of the abbess of the monastery, Evdokia, famous for virtues and asceticism , was elected her successor. Local authorities heard rumors that a huge treasure was hidden in the monastery, and the local ruler sent soldiers to search the monastery. According to the life of Evdokia, the soldiers could not enter the monastery for three days, held by divine power, and then they were attacked by a huge serpent, which destroyed almost the entire detachment. The Life reports that Eudokia had a vision that she was destined to suffer for Christ . She took the Holy Gifts and voluntarily gave herself into the hands of the warriors.
Evdokia was brought to the governor Diogenes, who was delighted with her beauty. Evdokia confessed herself a Christian and expressed her willingness to suffer for Christ.
Then the governor ordered to hang it on a tree and four soldiers to cruelly scourge. The warriors took it, laid it to the waist and hung it. When she was stripped, part of the Most Holy and Life-giving Body of the Lord, taken by her upon leaving the monastery, fell off her breast. The servants, not knowing what it was, picked it up and brought it to the governor. He held out his hand and wanted to take it, and at once the part of the Prelate Body of the Lord turned into fire, and a great flame set fire to the servants of the tormentor and injured the left shoulder of the governor himself.
- Dimitry of Rostov . The Life and Suffering of the Holy Rev. Martyr Eudokia
After that, the governor " fell down <...> fire, like lightning, and killed him, singeing his body like a bunt ", but by the prayer of Eudokia he was resurrected and became a Christian.
After this, Evdokia continued to live in her monastery and suffered martyrdom (truncated with a sword) around 160-170.
- The authenticity of life
The Greek life of Eudokia is a translation from the Syriac language . The life, according to the Bollandists , is legendary both because of the abundance of miracles and a number of anachronisms (in the II century there were no monasteries, and the bishop's chair in Heliopolis was established by Emperor Constantine the Great ), and the life of Eudokia is attributed to the V century . It is also suggested that the stories of Evdokia of Iliopolis and Evdokia of Persia ( IV century ) are mixed in life.
The angiologist Sergius (Spassky) believes that life tells us not about monasteries in their modern sense, but about certain communities of virgins and virgins. Also, in his opinion, the episcopal department of Heliopolis could exist and be destroyed during the persecution of Christians, and the emperor Constantine only restored it.
Iconography
Herminius Dionisy of Furnoagrafiot does not report the image of Saint Eudokia, indicating only that she was truncated by the sword. The iconographic script of the 18th century contains the following indication of its appearance:
| By the likeness of an old man, his face is well-behaved, pale, with a humble gaze, his body emaciated from reverence and from great abstinence, on the head there is a round azure hood, a cross in his hand, another prayer, a dark mantle, a duckweed sankir with white. In her youth, she pounded more than her face, because, like the icon painter, your semblance of depiction is powerful. |
There are two types of images of the saint: in martyrdom and a single-person image (in height or chest). Examples of the first type include images in Minology of the beginning of the XI century (collection of the State Historical Museum ), in the wall minology of the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin in the Macedonian monastery Treskavets (between 1334 and 1343). Images of the second type are miniatures of Minology from the Patriarchal Library in Jerusalem ( XII century ), Greek-Georgian manuscripts of the XV century , wall Minology of the Church of the Great Martyr George in Staro Nagorichino (1317–1318), a fresco in the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin of the Gracanitsa Monastery (c. 1320 years ), an iconographic annual Minea from the Sinai Monastery (XI-XII centuries).
The fate of Evdokia occupied the Russian poet Mikhail Kuzmin , who in 1907 wrote for the theater of Vera Komissarzhevskaya "Comedy about Evdokia from Heliopolis." According to the author, this is “a touching, frivolous and mannered tale of a saint through the 18th century” [1] .
See also
- Avdotya Plyushchikha is the Slavic national name for the day of remembrance of the Martyr Evdokia.
Notes
Literature
- Lukashevich A.A., Shevchenko E.V., E.P. A. Evdokia // Orthodox Encyclopedia . - M .: Church-Scientific Center "Orthodox Encyclopedia" , 2008. - T. XVII. - S. 119-121. - 752 s. - 39 000 copies - ISBN 978-5-89572-030-1 .
Links
- Rev. Martyr Evdokia on the site Orthodoxy.Ru