Evading peony , or unusual Peony , or Irregular Peony [2] , or Maryin root [3] , or Peony Maryin root [4] [5] ( Latin Paeónia anómala ), is a type of perennial herbaceous plants of the genus Peony , growing in bright mixed forests , meadows and forest edges , in river valleys. Prefers fertile soils and sunny places.
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Cultivated in gardens as an ornamental plant . In culture since 1788 [6] .
Title
The specific name "evasive" is a translation of the Latin anomalia , from other Greek. ἀνωμᾰλία “deviation”, “incorrectness”. It is believed that this is due to the autumn color of this species of peonies, which distinguishes it from other species.
The Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language by Vladimir Dahl and the Annenkov Botanical Dictionary - mention several more names of the plant - marin grass , heart berries [7] , shegnya [8] ( Tschegna ). The latter may have a Mongolian origin. In the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (2nd edition), the name Chechnya is also indicated for this plant [3] .
Distribution and habitat
The species is common in Russia in Siberia , found in Kazakhstan , Mongolia and China . In the European part of Russia, the plant can be found in the Perm Territory , the Komi Republic (in the upper reaches of the rivers Vychegda , Ayyuva , Ukhta , Pechora Tansy , Pechora , Ilycha ; in river valleys along the Pechora Lowland and the Mezen-Vychegoda Lowland ) [9] and on the Tury Peninsula .
It grows in dark coniferous and small-leaved forests at the edges and glades, in the mountains it rises to the subalpine zone . Prefers moderately moist rich soils. Does not tolerate grazing. Sometimes it is quite plentiful, the yield of rhizomes and roots reaches 5-10 c / ha [10] .
Refers to rare species of plants, and in some regions is considered endangered.
The evasive peony is listed in the Red Book of Animals and Plants of the Republic of Kazakhstan [5] , the Red Book of the Komi Republic (1998 and 2009 editions) [11] .
Botanical Description
Rhizome plant with several grooved stems , about 1 m high. Rhizome powerful horizontal. The brown root is branched with thick spindle-shaped tubers , white in cut, sweetish in taste, when broken, it gives off a strong odor.
The leaves are large, twice ternately dissected, with segments pinnately divided into lanceolate lobes.
Flowers of purple and pink flowers, single, with a diameter of about 10 cm. Perianth double. Flowering time begins in May - June.
The fruit is a combined leaflet of three to five leaflets.
Chemical Composition
Active substances are concentrated in the root of the plant, in which essential oils , free salicylic and benzoic acids , methyl salicylate , microelements [2] , flavonoids , saponins , tannins , about 1.5% of essential oil , traces of alkaloids , glycosides ( salicin , which apparently, the therapeutic effect of the plant is determined) [10] .
Economic Significance and Application
As a medicinal raw material , the grass of the evading peony ( Latin Herba Paeoniae anomalae ), rhizome and root ( Rhizoma et radix Paeoniae anomalae ) are used. Grass is harvested during flowering, rhizome and roots - at any time of the growing season , preferably simultaneously with grass [2] . Raw materials are used to prepare tinctures , which are used as a sedative for neurosis , insomnia, etc. [10]
The plant is recognized as poisonous and has limited use in folk medicine for gastric diseases, epilepsy , and coughing [10] .
In Siberia, roots are used as a seasoning for meat [10] .
Very decorative.
Taxonomy
- Varieties
- Paeonia anomala subsp. anomala
- Paeonia anomala subsp. veitchii ( Lynch ) DYHong & KYPan [12] [ syn. Paeonia veitchii Lynch ] basionym
- Close views
- Paeonia intermedia CAMey. [ syn. Paeonia hybrida var. intermedia ( CAMey. ) Kryl. ]
- Paeonia tenuifolia L. - Narrow-leaved peony [ syn. Paeonia hybrida Pall. - Steppe Peony ]
Notes
- ↑ For the conventionality of specifying the class of dicotyledons as a superior taxon for the plant group described in this article, see the APG Systems section of the Dicotyledonous article .
- ↑ 1 2 3 Blinova K.F. et al. Botanical-Pharmacognostic Dictionary: Ref. allowance / Ed. K.F. Blinova, G.P. Yakovleva. - M .: Higher. school, 1990. - S. 223. - ISBN 5-06-000085-0 .
- ↑ 1 2 Maryin root // Magnitogorsk - Medusa. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1954. - P. 419. - ( Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 51 vols.] / Ch. Ed. B. A. Vvedensky ; 1949-1958, vol. 26).
- ↑ Andreeva et al., 1984 .
- ↑ 1 2 Decree of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated October 31, 2006 N 1034 “On approval of the Lists of rare and endangered species of animals and plants” Archived on October 14, 2014.
- ↑ Paeonia anomala in Ornamental Plants From Russia And Adjacent States Of The Former Soviet Union @ efloras.org
- ↑ Annenkov, 1878 .
- ↑ Shegnia // Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language : in 4 volumes / auth. V.I. Dahl . - 2nd ed. - SPb. : Printing house of M.O. Wolf , 1880-1882.
- ↑ Plant flora of the Komi Republic: Maryin root “Marya mol”
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Gubanov I.A. et al. Wild useful plants of the USSR / ed. ed. T.A. Rabotnov . - M .: Thought , 1976. - S. 123-124. - 360 p. - ( Reference guides to the geographer and traveler ).
- ↑ Red Book of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Peony Evading, Marin Root
- ↑ subsp. veitchii (English) : Information on the name of a taxon on The Plant List (version 1.1, 2013) .
Literature
- Andreeva V.N. et al. Paeonia anomala L. - Peony Maryin root // Biological flora of the Murmansk region / Otv. ed. N.A. Minyaev. - Apatity: Kola Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1984. - S. 4–32. - 297 p. - 250 copies. - UDC 581.9 (470.21)
- Chikov P.S. Atlas of areas and resources of medicinal plants of the USSR . - M .: Cartography, 1983. - 340 p.
Links
- Paeonia anomala : information on the taxon in the Plantarium project (identifier of plants and illustrated atlas of species).