Cladonia

This genus is characterized by the division of the thallus into two parts - primary and secondary. The primary thallus consists of scales of various shapes and sizes (from 1 to 30 mm) covering the substrate , which may be soil , bark , wood , etc. Sometimes they form a dense cover or, as the lichen ages, become rare or completely disappears.

From the primary horizontal thallus grows a secondary vertical thallus - the paradeus . The sacrum is very diverse in form - simple rod-shaped, simple with uniform extensions, sparse or densely branched, etc. Inside they have a cavity, and on the outside they are covered with a crustal layer of densely woven hyphae , sometimes there is no crustal layer. The walls of the subecia are formed by the core and contain an algal layer.

The height of the subecia in most species is 2-8 cm, rarely up to 20 cm. The podets are often covered with scales - phyllocladies , which increase their assimilation surface. On the tributaries (at the ends, along the edges of the scyphus, rarely on the walls), fruiting bodies - apothecia are found. They are without a thallus edge, painted brown, light brown or red. In bags of eight single-celled (sometimes four-celled) colorless spores . Pycnidia are located on the scales of the primary thallus or on the priests. Ficobiont is usually a green unicellular alga - trebuxia .

• Cladonia arbuscula ( Wallr. ) Flot. , 1839 - Forest cladonia
• Cladonia asahinae JW Thomson , 1977
• Cladonia bellidiflora ( Ach. ) Schaer. , 1823 - Cladonia Margarita
• Cladonia botrytes ( KGHagen ) Willd. , 1787 - Cladonia
• Cladonia cariosa (Ach.) Spreng. , 1827 - Rotting Cladonia
• Cladonia cenotea (Ach.) Schaer., 1823 - Cladonia is empty
• Cladonia cervicornis (Ach.) Flot., 1849 - Cladonia deer
• Cladonia chlorophaea ( Flk. Ex Sommerf. ) Spreng., 1827 - Cladonia dark green
• Cladonia coniocraea (Flk.) Spreng., 1827 - Powdered cladonia
• Cladonia cornuta ( L. ) Hoffm. , 1791 - Horned cladonia
• Cladonia deformis (L.) Hoffm., 1796 - Shapeless cladonia
• Cladonia digitata (L.) Hoffm., 1796 - Cladonia palmate
• Cladonia fimbriata Fr. , 1831 - Cladonia fringed
• Cladonia foliacea ( Huds. ) Willd. , 1787 - Cladonia leaf
• Cladonia furcata (Huds.) Schrad. , 1794 - Forked cladonia
• Cladonia graciliformis Zahlbr. , 1916 - Graviform cladonia
• Cladonia gracilis (L.) Willd., 1787 - Cladonia graceful
• Cladonia mitis Sandst., 1918 - Soft Cladonia
• Cladonia phyllophora Hoffm., 1796 - Leafy cladonia
• Cladonia portentosa ( Dufour ) Coem. , 1865 - Cladonia is ugly
• Cladonia pyxidata (L.) Hoffm., 1796 - Cladonia pterygoid
• Cladonia ramulosa ( With. ) JRLaundon , 1984 - Twig Cladonia
• Cladonia rei Schaer., 1823 - Cladonia Reya
• Cladonia rangiferina (L.) Weber ex FHWigg. , 1780 - Cladonia deer
• Cladonia stellaris ( Opiz ) Pouzar et Vēzda , 1971 - Star - cladonia
• Cladonia subulata (L.) Weber ex FHWigg. , 1780 - Cladonia styloid typus ^[1]
• Cladonia vulcani Savicz , 1914 - Cladonia volcanic

• Golubkova N. S. The determinant of lichens in the middle band of the European part of the USSR. - M. - L .: Nauka, 1966. - P. 121—122. - 257 p. - 2000 copies.
• Plant life. In 6 vols. T. 3. Algae and lichens / Ed. A. L. Takhtadzhyana. - M.: Education, 1981
• Determinant of lichens of the USSR / ed. ed. I.I. Abramov . - L .: Nauka, 1978. - T. 5. Kladonievye - Akarosporovye. - S. 8-79. - 305 s.

• Cladonia perforata
• Cladonia // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978. (Retrieved December 3, 2014)
• Cladonium in the Biological Encyclopedic Dictionary (Retrieved December 3, 2014)
• Cladonium genus (English) in the World Register of Marine Species .