TLR10 (toll-like receptor 10, CD290) is a membrane protein that is included in the group of toll-like receptors that ensure the functioning of innate immunity . The receptor was opened in 2001. It refers to orphan receptors , i.e. to receptors whose ligand has not yet been detected. It forms a heterodimer complex with TLR1 and TLR2 , therefore, together with TLR1 and TLR6, it is referred to the “TLR2” subgroup. This is the only toll-like human receptor that has no analogue in the mouse genome, which explains the difficulty of finding a natural or synthetic ligand, since The ligands of most other Toll-like receptors have been found as a result of the production of mutant or genetically deficient murine lines.
| Toll-like receptor 10 | |||||||||||||
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| Symbol | ; CD290 | ||||||||||||
| External id | GeneCards : | ||||||||||||
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| View | Person | Mouse | |||||||||||
| Entrez | n / a | ||||||||||||
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| RefSeq (mRNA) | n / a | ||||||||||||
| RefSeq (protein) | n / a | ||||||||||||
| Locus (UCSC) | n / a | ||||||||||||
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Structure and functions
The TLR10 gene consists of a single exon and encodes a transmembrane protein of 811 amino acids . It has 50% homology with TLR1 and TLR6 , from which it evolved about 300 million years ago. The receptor is able to activate the transcription factor NF-kB . The signal is transmitted through adapter proteins MyD88 and TRAF6 .
Expression
The highest expression of TLR10 is observed in the spleen , lymph nodes , thymus and tonsils , and to a lesser extent in the lungs .
Bibliography
- Beutler B., Rehli M. Evolution of the TIR, tolls and TLRs: functional inferences from computational biology (Eng.) // Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. : journal. - 2002. - Vol. 270 - P. 1-21 . - PMID 12467241 .
- Hasan, U., Chaffois, C., Gaillard, C., et al. Human TLR10 is a functional receptor, expressed by B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells, which activates gene transcription through MyD88 (Eng.) // J. Immunol. : journal. - 2005. - March ( vol. 174 , no. 5 ). - P. 2942-2950 . - PMID 15728506 .