Jean Rictus , or more precisely, at the insistence of the poet himself, Jean-Rictus ( fr. Jehan-Rictus , real name Gabriel Randon, Gabriel Randon ; September 23, 1867 , Boulogne-sur-Mer - November 6, 1933 , Paris ) - French poet .
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Content
Biography
Was not a welcome child. The relations of the parents did not work either: they separated when Gabriel was 9 years old. He stayed with his mother in Paris. Mother did not love her son, she pushed around them. From the age of 13, he himself earned his living, and between the 16th and 19th he broke off relations with his mother. Delivered goods to the house, cleaned the streets, was an errand boy, was engaged in any kind of work, sometimes lived among vagrants and beggars.
He began to attend circles of art and anarchist bohemia of Montmartre , published poems in magazines (starting with the magazine Mirliton , which was published by Aristide Bruin ), was engaged in journalism. I met and became friends with Albert Samen . From the mid-1890s, he began to compose and sing in Parisian cabaret songs written on behalf of common people in colloquial French, and spoke with them at parties and social gatherings.
He took a pseudonym (rictus in Latin - grin). Was a success. He visited the agile rabbit pub, where he met Apollinaire and M. Jacob . There were several books of his poems.
In addition to poetry, he wrote pamphlets, dramas, published in the press. He was friends with Leon Blois . The appearance of a poor and unrecognized poet-pariah for the second half of his life is already stylization. Although after 1914 he practically did not write anything, he wrote was republished, three records of his songs were recorded in the 1930s, they were performed by Marie Duba and others. During his lifetime he became a legend, his poems were translated into several foreign languages (Italian, Czech), books about him were published not only in France, but also abroad.
Posted autobiographical novel. His giant (30,000 pages) diary, which he led since 1898 , remained unpublished. Shortly before his death, he received the Order of the Legion of Honor .
Posthumous fate
In the 1930s, Albert Camus was fascinated by the fate and works of Ruktyus, he wrote an essay about him “Jean Riktyus, Poet of Poverty”.
The name Riktyus is named square in Montmartre.
Works
Lifetime Editions
- Les Soliloques du Pauvre ( 1895 , repr. 1897 , 1903 , 1921 )
- Doléances ( 1900 )
- Cantilènes du malheur ( 1902 )
- Un bluff littéraire, le cas Edmond Rostand (pamphlet) (1903)
- Dimanche et lundi férié, ou le Numéro gagnant (one act play), 1905
- Fil-de-fer ( 1906 , autobiography)
- Les Petites Baraques (plaquette, 1907 )
- La Frousse (plaquette, 1907 )
- .. le Coeur populaire ( 1914 , 1920 )
Latest Editions
- Les soliloques du pauvre et autres poèmes ( 2009 )
Publications in Russian
- Poems. / Translation I. Kutika , E. Kassirovoy // Poetry of France. Century XIX. / Comp. S. Velikovsky . - M .: Fiction, 1985. - p. 329-331.
Notes
Literature
- Briant T. Jehan Rictus. Paris: P. Seghers, 1960 (repr. 1973)