By 1914, the length of the territory of the Russian Empire was 4383.2 versts (4675.9 km) from north to south and 10 060 versts (10 732.3 km) from east to west. The total length of land and sea borders was 64 909.5 versts (69 245 km), of which land borders accounted for 18 639.5 versts (19 941.5 km), and sea borders - about 46 270 versts (49 360.4 km).
These data, as well as figures of the total area of the country, calculated from topographic maps of the General Staff at the end of the 80s of the XIX century, Major General I. A. Strelbitsky [1] , with some subsequent refinements [2], were used in all pre-revolutionary editions of Russia. Supplemented by materials of the Central Statistical Committee (CSK) of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, these data give a fairly complete picture of the territory, administrative division, and the location of cities and towns of the Russian Empire.
Content
- 1 Territory and location of settlements
- 1.1 Territory of Russia and other states
- 2 Administrative divisions by 1914
- 2.1 Governance
- 2.2 Governor General
- 2.3 Military Governance
- 2.4 Town Halls
- 3 Other divisions
- 4 notes
- 5 Literature
- 6 References
- 7 See also
Territory and location of settlements
| Distribution of territory, cities and settlements by administrative units of the Russian Empire on January 1, 1914 [3] | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Provinces, regions, districts | Territory (without significant inland waters) sq. verst [4] | Number of cities | Number of Posad | Number of other settlements | Number of rural societies | |
| European Russia | ||||||
| one. | Arkhangelsk | 742050.7 | 9 | four | 3240 | 334 |
| 2. | Astrakhan | 207,193.3 | 5 | - | 1223 | 224 |
| 3. | Bessarabian | 19014.9 | 12 | 3 | 3573 | 1959 |
| four. | Vilenskaya | 36825.3 | 10 | one | 23103 | 965 |
| 5. | Vitebsk | 38649.5 | 12 | - | 22331 | 998 |
| 6. | Vladimirskaya | 42831.8 | fifteen | one | 8287 | 4270 |
| 7. | Vologda | 353,349.4 | 12 | one | 14772 | 1636 |
| 8. | Volyn | 63036.8 | 12 | - | 9682 | 2881 |
| 9. | Voronezh | 57902.0 | 12 | - | 5055 | 2195 |
| 10. | Vyatka | 135 019.7 | 12 | - | 22743 | 3126 |
| eleven. | Grodno | 33900.8 | 25 | - | 9370 | 2321 |
| 12. | Donskaya | 144586.1 | 5 | one | 7331 | 2371 |
| 13. | Ekaterinoslav | 55705.6 | 10 | - | 4941 | 2032 |
| fourteen. | Kazan | 55954.8 | 13 | 2 | 5868 | 3620 |
| fifteen. | Kaluga | 27177.9 | fourteen | - | 6347 | 3569 |
| 16. | Kiev | 44,777.9 | 12 | - | 7344 | 2035 |
| 17. | Coven | 35315.5 | 9 | - | 24641 | 923 |
| eighteen. | Kostroma | 73809,1 | 17 | 3 | 14078 | 1988 |
| 19. | Courland | 23747.2 | 22 | - | 24496 | 221 |
| twenty. | Kursk | 40821.1 | eighteen | - | 6608 | 3947 |
| 21. | Livonia | 39995.5 | 10 | one | 51436 | 436 |
| 22. | Minsk | 80,152.3 | eleven | - | 13607 | 1718 |
| 23. | Mogilev | 42134.6 | 13 | - | 8394 | 2057 |
| 24. | Moscow | 29236.4 | fourteen | 2 | 7613 | 3718 |
| 25. | Nizhny Novgorod | 45036.7 | 13 | - | 4778 | 3227 |
| 26. | Novgorod | 104163.4 | eleven | 3 | 11697 | 4949 |
| 27. | Olonetskaya | 112322.0 | 7 | - | 3952 | 381 |
| 28. | Orenburg | 166710.9 | 6 | one | 2362 | 1439 |
| 29. | Oryol | 41057.7 | 12 | - | 7426 | 4307 |
| thirty. | Penza | 34129.1 | 13 | - | 2806 | 2470 |
| 31. | Perm | 290168.7 | fifteen | - | 12621 | 3540 |
| 32. | St. Petersburg | 39203.2 | fourteen | - | 6116 | 1476 |
| 33. | Podolskaya | 36921.7 | 17 | - | 7265 | 2024 |
| 34. | Poltava | 43844.0 | 17 | - | 9380 | 3081 |
| 35. | Pskov | 37,955.7 | 10 | 2 | 17338 | 1700 |
| 36. | Ryazan | 36844.7 | 12 | - | 9315 | 5257 |
| 37. | Samara | 132724.5 | 8 | one | 6174 | 2071 |
| 38. | Saratov | 74,244.8 | 10 | one | 4693 | 2565 |
| 39. | Simbirskaya | 43,491.0 | 8 | one | 3593 | 2512 |
| 40. | Smolenskaya | 49212.2 | 12 | - | 14472 | 4265 |
| 41. | Tauride | 53053.8 | 19 | - | 4543 | 673 |
| 42. | Tambov | 58511.0 | 13 | - | 6159 | 3575 |
| 43. | Tverskaya | 56837.0 | 13 | 2 | 11696 | 4259 |
| 44. | Tula | 27204.4 | 12 | - | 6008 | 4483 |
| 45. | Ufa | 107,209.7 | 6 | - | 4379 | 2802 |
| 46. | Kharkov | 47884.8 | 17 | - | 954 | 1895 |
| 47. | Kherson | 62213,2 | 19 | 7 | 7397 | 2252 |
| 48. | Kholmskaya | 11863.1 | eleven | - | 2524 | 1365 |
| 49. | Chernihiv | 46042.3 | 23 | 13 | 5761 | 3931 |
| fifty. | Estland | 17306.3 | 5 | - | 16274 | - |
| 51. | Yaroslavskaya | 31,230.7 | eleven | one | 10891 | 1794 |
| Total for European Russia | 4,250,574.8 | 638 | 51 | 511599 | 121837 | |
| Privislin provinces | ||||||
| one. | Warsaw | 15359.2 | 22 | - | 7111 | 4438 |
| 2. | Kalishskaya | 9961.3 | 13 | - | 5107 | 3644 |
| 3. | Keletskaya | 8868.6 | 7 | - | 3083 | 2109 |
| four. | Lomzhinskaya | 10441.9 | 8 | - | 3589 | 2469 |
| 5. | Lublin | 14331.1 | fourteen | - | 4163 | 2373 |
| 6. | Petrokovskaya | 10763,4 | 12 | - | 5125 | 2938 |
| 7. | Plock | 8287.3 | 9 | - | 3757 | 2052 |
| 8. | Radomskaya | 10854.0 | 10 | - | 3780 | 2792 |
| 9. | Suwalk | 10,824.3 | 10 | - | 5135 | 2008 |
| Total for the Privislinsky provinces | 99691.1 | 105 | - | 40850 | 24823 | |
| Caucasus | ||||||
| one. | Baku | 34276.5 | 6 | - | 1210 | 458 |
| 2. | Batumi | 6129.4 | one | - | 472 | 22 |
| 3. | Dagestan | 26105.7 | 3 | - | 1222 | 546 |
| four. | Elizavetpolskaya | 38667.8 | 3 | - | 1556 | 204 |
| 5. | Kars | 16475.2 | four | - | 845 | 968 |
| 6. | Kuban | 83,394.4 | 5 | - | 428 | 419 |
| 7. | Kutaisi | 18535,1 | four | - | 1031 | 205 |
| 8. | Sukhumi District | 5791.8 | one | - | 146 | 182 |
| 9. | Stavropol | 47,723.0 | 2 | - | 833 | 158 |
| 10. | Terskaya | 64,069.9 | 6 | - | 1206 | 325 |
| eleven. | Tiflis | 35904.3 | 7 | one | 2221 | 296 |
| 12. | Zagatala district | 3502.2 | one | - | 106 | 31 |
| 13. | Black Sea | 7327.3 | 3 | 2 | 59 | 69 |
| fourteen. | Erivan | 24,408.2 | 5 | - | 1301 | 111 |
| Total in the Caucasus | 412310.8 | 51 | 3 | 12636 | 3994 | |
| Siberia | ||||||
| one. | Amur | 352280.6 | one | - | 259 | 325 |
| 2. | Yenisei | 2233929.5 | 6 | - | 1464 | 1639 |
| 3. | Transbaikal | 542,339.1 | 7 | - | 791 | 951 |
| four. | Irkutsk | 638198.2 | 6 | - | 2336 | 579 |
| 5. | Kamchatka | 1143410.8 | 3 | - | 248 | - |
| 6. | Seaside | 477,259.6 | 3 | - | 849 | 819 |
| 7. | Sakhalin | 162588.0 | one | - | 217 | 157 |
| 8. | Tobolsk | 1219229.7 | 10 | - | 4760 | 2609 |
| 9. | Tomsk | 744576.7 | 9 | - | 3353 | 3194 |
| 10. | Yakutskaya | 3482533.3 | 5 | - | 337 | 383 |
| Total Siberia | 10996345.5 | 51 | - | 14614 | 10656 | |
| Turkestan and the Steppe regions | ||||||
| one. | Akmola | 512,221.8 | 5 | - | 579 | 1182 |
| 2. | Trans-Caspian | 535084.0 | 3 | - | 979 | 324 |
| 3. | Samarkand | 60597.6 | 6 | - | 2785 | 413 |
| four. | Semipalatinsk | 405,819.0 | 6 | - | 608 | 1094 |
| 5. | Semirechenskaya | 328966,1 | 6 | - | 679 | 1526 |
| 6. | Syr Daryinskaya | 441,837.2 | 7 | - | 1851 | 1310 |
| 7. | Turgai | 386502.8 | four | - | 379 | 683 |
| 8. | Ural | 313,328.2 | four | - | 474 | 849 |
| 9. | Ferghana | 126,267.0 | 7 | - | 1260 | 657 |
| Total in Turkestan and the Steppe regions | 3,110,623.7 | 48 | - | 9594 | 8038 | |
| Finland | ||||||
| one. | Abo Bjarneborg | 20310.4 | 6 | - | 3388 | - |
| 2. | Vase | 33520.9 | 7 | - | 512 | - |
| 3. | Vyborg | 26757.8 | 6 | - | 1828 | - |
| four. | Kuopioskaya | 29906.3 | 3 | - | 674 | - |
| 5. | Nyuland | 9726.5 | 5 | - | 1298 | - |
| 6. | Saint Michel | 12706.3 | 3 | - | 676 | - |
| 7. | Tavastgous | 15560,4 | 3 | - | 1258 | - |
| 8. | Uleaborsk | 137553.2 | 5 | - | 354 | - |
| Finland total | 286,041.8 | 38 | - | 9988 | - | |
| Total Empire | 19155587.7 | 931 | 54 | 599281 | 169348 | |
| Without Finland | 18869545.9 | 893 | 54 | 589293 | 169348 | |
Territory of Russia and other states
| The territory of Russia and other states (with their colonies) [5] | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| A country | Territory sq. mile [4] | A country | Territory sq. verst |
| British empire | 25,437,856 | Italy | 699 687 |
| Russian empire | 19 155 588 | Spain | 630,299 |
| France | 10 127 399 | Austria-Hungary | 550 162 |
| China | 9 793 293 | Japan | 400 202 |
| USA ( USA ) | 8 547 995 | Sweden | 393 326 |
| German Empire | 2 757 057 | Norway | 286 170 |
| Ottoman Empire | 2,330,078 | Denmark | 125 024 |
| Portugal | 1 917 578 | Greece | 45 129 |
| Netherlands | 1 826 691 | Switzerland | 36,413 |
Administrative divisions by 1914
Administratively, the Russian Empire by 1914 was divided into 78 provinces, 21 regions and 2 independent districts. Provinces and regions were divided into 777 counties and districts and in Finland into 51 parishes. Counties , districts and parishes , in turn, were divided into camps , departments and sections (2523 in total), as well as 274 Lensmanism in Finland.
Important military-political territories (metropolitan and border) were united in governorate and governor general. Some cities were allocated to special administrative units - city administrations .
Governance
- Caucasus (Baku, Elisavetpol, Kutaisi, Tiflis, Black Sea and Erivan provinces, Batumi, Dagestan, Kars, Kuban and Terek regions, Zakatala and Sukhum districts, Baku city government).
Governor General
- Moscow (Moscow and the Moscow province)
- Warsaw (9 Privislinsky provinces )
- Kiev, Podolsk and Volyn (Kiev, Podolsk and Volyn provinces)
- Irkutsk (Irkutsk and Yenisei provinces, Transbaikal and Yakutsk regions)
- Amur (Amur, Kamchatka, Primorsky and Sakhalin regions)
- Stepnoe (Akmola and Semipalatinsk regions)
- Turkestan (Trans-Caspian, Samarkand, Semirechensky, Syr-Darya and Ferghana regions)
- Finland (8 Finland provinces)
Governorate
- Kronstadt
City Government
- St. Petersburg
- Moscow
- Sevastopol
- Kerch-Yenikalskoe
- Odessa
- Nikolaevskoe
- Rostov-on-Don
- Baku
Other divisions
The Russian Empire was also divided into departmental districts, consisting of a different number of provinces and regions: 13 military , 14 judicial, 15 educational, 30 postal and telegraphic districts, 9 customs districts and 9 districts of the Ministry of Railways .
Notes
- ↑ Strelbitsky I. A. Calculation of the surface of the Russian Empire in its general composition during the reign of Emperor Alexander III and Asian countries adjacent to Russia. SPb., 1889.
- ↑ Anniversary compilation of the Central Statistical Committee of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. SPb., 1913.
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook of Russia. 1914 Edition of the Central Military Administration of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Pg., 1915. Division I. S.1-25. Given in the publication: Russia 1913. Statistical and documentary reference. SPb., 1995.
- ↑ 1 2 1 sq. versts = 1.13804 km²; 1 km² = 0.88 sq. Versts
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook of Russia. 1913 Edition of the Central Military Administration of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. SPb., 1914.
Literature
- Russia 1913. Statistical and documentary reference. SPb., 1995. ISBN 5-86789-013-9 .
Links
See also
- Russian history
- History of the administrative-territorial division of Russia
- Russian empire
- List of Provinces
- List of regions of the Russian Empire
- Departmental districts of the Russian Empire
- Provinces and regions of the Russian Empire as of 1914