Species of the genus are perennial herbaceous shrubs up to 1.5 m high. The leaves are lanceolate or oblong-oval, serrated at the edges. Flowers are collected in racemose inflorescences. The fruit is a nut .
According to the database of The Plant List , the genus includes 40 species [2] :
- Orthosiphon adenocaulis AJPaton & Hedge
- Orthosiphon allenii ( CHWright ) Codd
- Orthosiphon argenteus AJPaton & Hedge
- Orthosiphon aristatus ( Blume ) Miq.
- Orthosiphon biflorus AJPaton & Hedge
- Orthosiphon bullosus Chiov.
- Orthosiphon cladotrichos GΓΌrke
- Orthosiphon cuanzae ( IMJohnst. ) AJPaton
- Orthosiphon discolor AJPaton & Hedge
- Orthosiphon ellipticus AJPaton & Hedge
- Orthosiphon exilis AJPaton & Hedge
- Orthosiphon ferrugineus Balf.f.
- Orthosiphon fruticosus codd
- Orthosiphon glandulosus cefisch.
- Orthosiphon Hanningtonii ( Baker ) AJPaton
- Orthosiphon humbertii danguy
- Orthosiphon incurvus Benth.
- Orthosiphon lanatus Doan ex Suddee & AJPaton
- Orthosiphon miserabilis AJPaton & Hedge
- Orthosiphon newtonii Briq.
- Orthosiphon nigripunctatus G. Taylor
- Orthosiphon pallidus Royle ex Benth.
- Orthosiphon parishii Prain
- Orthosiphon parvifolius vatke
- Orthosiphon pseudoaristatus suddee
- Orthosiphon robustus Hook.f.
- Orthosiphon rotundifolius Doan ex Suddee & AJPaton
- Orthosiphon ruber AJPaton & Hedge
- Orthosiphon rubicundus ( D. Don ) Benth.
- Orthosiphon sarmentosus AJPaton & Hedge
- Orthosiphon scapiger Benth.
- Orthosiphon scedastophyllus AJPaton
- Orthosiphon schimperi Benth.
- Orthosiphon schliebenii AJPaton
- Orthosiphon thymiflorus ( Roth ) Sleesen
- Orthosiphon truncatus Doan ex Suddee & AJPaton
- Orthosiphon vernalis codd
- Orthosiphon violaceus Briq.
- Orthosiphon wattii train
- Orthosiphon wulfenioides ( Diels ) Hand.-Mazz.
According to The Plant List database, the type of kidney tea ( Orthosiphon stamineus ) is recognized as a synonym for the species Orthosiphon aristatus ( Blume ) Miq.
Ortosiphon stamen (kidney tea) is used as a diuretic in the treatment of renal diseases, chronic heart failure.