Fedorov, Alexander Alexandrovich (nerd)

Taxonomy of wildlife
Taxonomy of wildlife
	The author of the names of a number of botanical taxa . In the botanical ( binary ) nomenclature, these names are supplemented by the abbreviation " Al.Fed. " .; List of such taxa on the IPNI website; Personal page on IPNI website;

Alexander Alexandrovich Fedorov
Alexander Alexandrovich Fedorov
Date of Birth	November 24 ( December 7 ) 1906
Place of Birth	Tver , Russian Empire
Date of death	April 16, 1982 (aged 75)
Place of death	Leningrad , RSFSR , USSR
A country	the USSR
Scientific field	botany : morphology and systematics of flowering plants
Place of work	Botanical Institute named after Komarov
Alma mater	Tver Pedagogical Institute
Academic degree

Alexander Alexandrovich Fedorov (1906-1982) - Soviet biologist , botanist , specialist in the field of taxonomy and morphology of flowering plants . Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1964). The brother of the botanist Andrei Alexandrovich Fedorov (1908-1987).

Short Biography

Education and Career

Al A. Fedorov was born in Tver in the family of a gardener. He received higher education in his hometown - at the Tver Pedagogical Institute , which he graduated in 1929 . In 1929 he moved to Leningrad; Until 1934, he worked at the All-Union Institute of Applied Botany and New Cultures (since 1930 the Institute was called the All-Union Institute of Plant Production, now - the All-Russian Institute of Plant Production named after N.I. Vavilov ), including in its Sukhum and Lankaran branches.

In 1934 he moved to the shortly before that (in 1931 ) the created Botanical Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences (since 1940 - the Botanical Institute named after V. L. Komarov ), in which he worked until the end of his life. During the war, in 1942 , joined the Communist Party . Since 1947 - Deputy Director, and in 1962 - 1976 . - Director of the Institute.

Since June 26, 1964 - corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences in the Department of General Biology.

Scientific Biography

The main works are devoted to plant morphology (primarily descriptive morphology and teratology of flowering plants ), systematics of flowering plants, as well as issues of botanical resource science .

In the 1930s and 1940s, Al. A. Fedorov was engaged in the development of methods for field research, mapping and accounting of plant resources . He compiled several botanical reports: wild essential oil plants of the wet subtropics of the USSR (1938), medicinal plants of the Talysh Azerbaijani region, and gummy plants of Turkmenistan . He proposed a new method of mapping the vegetation cover - with the reproduction of the terrain landscape.

In the postwar years Al. A. Fedorov is more concerned with the morphology of flowering plants, including botanical teratology - the science of anomalies in plant development: those anomalies that are atavistic can carry information that is important for understanding the evolution of organisms (for example, in 1950 describes the possible paths of development of inflorescences within the Astra family (Asteraceae) based on the analysis of abnormal umbrella-shaped inflorescences in some modern representatives of this family ^[1] ). In 1958, he published the work "Teratology and morphogenesis in plants", which described the phenomenon of teratogenesis . Al A. Fedorov - co-author of the Atlas on Descriptive Morphology of Higher Plants ( Liszt , 1956 ; Stem and Root , 1962 ; Flower , 1975 ; Fruit , 1979 ; Inflorescence , 1979 ).

In 1955, he signed the “ Letter of Three Hundred ” - a letter sent to the Presidium of the CPSU Central Committee criticizing the activities of T. D. Lysenko and a general assessment of the state of biology in the USSR. The letter was compiled by a large group of Soviet scientists and ultimately led to the resignation of Lysenko from the post of president of VASKHNIL .

In 1974 - 1980 Al A. Fedorov is the editor-in-chief of the first four volumes, as well as the first part of the 5th volume of Plant Life , the largest popular science botanical publication ever published in Russian.

He was buried at the Serafimovsky cemetery in St. Petersburg.

The protection of nature and the rational use of its resources is a multifaceted task. It is important not only within the framework of one state, but for the entire globe as a whole. Especially harmful is the opinion that a person should “fight with nature” and “remodel” it.

From the article Al. A. Fedorova and A. A. Yatsenko-Khmelevsky "Nature Protection" ^[2]

Rewards

Alexander Alexandrovich Fedorov was awarded four orders of the Red Banner of Labor .

In 1957, for his work Atlas on Descriptive Morphology of Higher Plants. Liszt ”(1956) Al. A. Fedorov, together with co-authors ( Moses Elievich Kirpichnikov and Zinaida Trofimovna Artyushenko ) was awarded the V. L. Komarov Prize of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

Some works

Fedorov Al. A. About the ugliness of Plantago major L. // Soviet Botany: Journal. - 1945 .-- T. 6 . - S. 40-43 .
Fedorov Al. A. Anomaly in the structure of inflorescences Alnus kamtschatica ( Call. ) Kom. and their possible interpretation // Soviet Botany: Journal. - 1947. - T. 15 . - S. 62-74 .
Fedorov Al. A. A case of anomaly in Salix caprea L. and its likely interpretation // Botanical Journal: Journal. - 1949. - T. 34 , No. 3 . - S. 273—279 .
Fedorov Al. A. Anomalies in some Asteraceae and their importance for understanding the formation of inflorescences of this. Compositae // Botanical Journal: Journal. - 1950. - T. 35 , No. 2 . - S. 148—161 .
Fedorov Al. A. To the knowledge of the phenomena of “branching” of ears of corn // Botanical Journal: Journal. - 1951. - T. 36 , No. 4 . - S. 341—348 .
Fedorov Al. A., Kirpichnikov M. E. and Artyushenko Z. T. Atlas on the descriptive morphology of higher plants. Liszt / USSR Academy of Sciences. Botanical Institute. V. L. Komarova. Under the total. ed. Corr. USSR Academy of Sciences P.A. Baranov. Photos by V. E. Sinelnikov. - M. — L.: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1956. - 303 p. - 3,000 copies.
Fedorov Al. A. Teratology and morphogenesis in plants. - M. — L .: Ed. USSR Academy of Sciences, 1958. - 28 p. - (Komarov readings).
Fedorov Al. A., Kirpichnikov M. E. and Artyushenko Z. T. Atlas on the descriptive morphology of higher plants. Stem and root / USSR Academy of Sciences. Botanical Institute. V. L. Komarova. Under the total. ed. Corr. USSR Academy of Sciences P.A. Baranov. Photos of M. B. Zhurmanov. - M. — L .: Publishing house of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1962. - 352 p. - 3,000 copies.
Fedorov Al. A. Botanical resource science as a science and its position in the system of scientific knowledge // Plant Resources: Journal. - 1966. - T. 2, no. 2 .
Fedorov Al. A. Wild beneficial plants // Plant Life. In 6 t. / Ch. ed. Al A. Fedorov. - M .: Education, 1974. - T. 1. Introduction. Bacteria and actinomycetes . Ed. N. A. Krasilnikova and A. A. Uranova. - S. 154-162. - 487 p. - 300,000 copies.
Artyushenko Z. T., Fedorov Al. A. Atlas on the descriptive morphology of higher plants. Flower . - L .: Science. Leningrad branch, 1975 .-- 350 p.
Artyushenko Z. T., Fedorov Al. A. Atlas on the descriptive morphology of higher plants. Fetus. - L .: Science. Leningrad branch, 1979.
Artyushenko Z. T., Fedorov Al. A. Atlas on the descriptive morphology of higher plants. Inflorescence . - L .: Science. Leningrad branch, 1979.- 295 p.

Andrey Alexandrovich Fedorov

The brother of Alexander Alexandrovich Fedorov, Andrei Alexandrovich Fedorov (1908-1987), was also a botanist, a corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1970). His main works are on the systematics and geography of flowering plants, on the history of flora. Author of a number of botanical taxa; in the botanical nomenclature these names are supplemented by the abbreviation “ Fed. ".

Since the surname and initials of the two brothers coincide, the abbreviations Fedorov Al are usually used in the literature . A. for Alexander Alexandrovich Fedorov and Fedorov An. A. for Andrei Alexandrovich Fedorov.

Notes

↑ Takhtadzhyan A. L. Anomalies and atavisms (principles of evolutionary teratology) // Faces of evolution: Articles on the theory of evolution. 1943-2006 / Scientific. Council of the Basic Research Program of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences “Publication of the works of outstanding scientists” - SPb. : Nauka, 2007 .-- pp. 110-133. - 326 p. - (Monuments of domestic science. XX century). - 1000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-02-026273-7 .
↑ Fedorov Al. A., Yatsenko-Khmelevsky A. A. Nature protection // Life of plants. In 6 t. / Ch. ed. Al A. Fedorov. - M .: Education, 1974. - T. 1. Introduction. Bacteria and actinomycetes . Ed. N. A. Krasilnikova and A. A. Uranova. - S. 173-178. - 487 p. with ill .; 31 l ill., cards. with. - 300,000 copies.

Literature

Fedorov Alexander Alexandrovich // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.

Links

Biography Al. A. Fedorova in the 2006 issue of the Chronological Code of Anniversaries of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Retrieved June 7, 2009)
Profile of Alexander Alexandrovich Fedorov on the official website of the RAS

[1] Takhtadzhyan A. L. Anomalies and atavisms (principles of evolutionary teratology) // Faces of evolution: Articles on the theory of evolution. 1943-2006 / Scientific. Council of the Basic Research Program of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences “Publication of the works of outstanding scientists” - SPb. : Nauka, 2007 .-- pp. 110-133. - 326 p. - (Monuments of domestic science. XX century). - 1000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-02-026273-7 .

[2] Fedorov Al. A., Yatsenko-Khmelevsky A. A. Nature protection // Life of plants. In 6 t. / Ch. ed. Al A. Fedorov. - M .: Education, 1974. - T. 1. Introduction. Bacteria and actinomycetes . Ed. N. A. Krasilnikova and A. A. Uranova. - S. 173-178. - 487 p. with ill .; 31 l ill., cards. with. - 300,000 copies.