Walter Roman ( rum. Valter (Walter) Roman , real name Ernő Neuländer ( Hungarian Ernő Neuländer ), October 7, 1913 , Nagyvarad , Austria-Hungary [Comm 1] - November 11, 1983 , Bucharest , Socialist Republic of Romania ) - Romanian communist Jewish origin, leader of the international revolutionary movement (actively participated in the work of the Comintern , and the communist parties in Romania , Czechoslovakia , France and Spain ), a member of the Spanish civil war , Major-General of the Romanian army, the chief of the education Department, culture and propaganda umynskoy Army (1946-1947), Chief of the Army General Political Department of the Romanian People's Republic (1947-1951), Minister for Posts and Telecommunications of the Romanian People's Republic (1951-1953), director of the Political Publishing House in socialist Romania (1954-1983). Father of Petre Roman , first prime minister of post-communist Romania.
| Walter Roman | |
|---|---|
| Valter (Walter) Roman | |
| Birth name | Erno Neulander |
| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | Nagywarad , Austria-Hungary [Comm 1] |
| Date of death | |
| A place of death | Bucharest , Socialist Republic of Romania |
| Citizenship | |
| Occupation | , , |
| The consignment | |
| Awards | |
Content
- 1 Family and study
- 2 Political career
- 3 Selected Works
- 4 Awards
- 5 Comments
- 6 notes
- 7 Literature
- 8 References
Family and Research
Birth name Erneu (Ernest) Neulander [1] [2] . Born in Austria-Hungary, in the city of Nadvarad [Comm 1] , in a Jewish Hasidic family [3] . His father was a clerk in a bank. After studying at the German Technical University in Brno in Czechoslovakia, Walter Roman became an engineer.
Political career
According to reports, in 1931 he was recruited by the leader of the Comintern, Nicolae Goldberger who helped travel to the USSR through Czechoslovakia.
Since 1936, under the name Walter Roman, he was a volunteer in the international brigades of the Republican forces during the Spanish Civil War , where he had the rank of major and was commander of the artillery battalion of the 11th brigade Venceremos.
In Spain, Walter Roman married the Spanish communist Hortense Vallejo. During the war he was slightly injured. Years spent in Spain are reflected in the autobiographical book Under the Sky of Spain. Knights of Hope. ”
After the Spanish Republic was defeated in 1939, Walter Roman fled to France and then returned to the USSR. He lived there for some time, broadcasting in the Romanian branch on the Moscow radio, where he worked with Anna Pauker , Leonta Rautu and Joseph Chisinau .
While Anna Pauker returned to Romania with the Soviet Red Army , Walter Roman returned to Romania with the rank of lieutenant colonel of the Red Army, being a political commander of the 2nd Volunteer Romanian Infantry Division under the command of General Mihai Laskar , formed in April 1945 from Romanian prisoners of war give up. In 1945 he was awarded the Soviet Order of the Red Star . In the same year, during the Soviet occupation, he was awarded the rank of major general of the Romanian army.
A year later, in 1946, Walter Roman was appointed head of the Department of Education, Culture and Propaganda of the Romanian Army, and from 1947 to 1951 he served as head of the Main Political Directorate of the Army of the Romanian People’s Republic .
In 1951 he became a member of the Romanian Communist Party and took the post of Minister of Posts and Telecommunications, which he held until January 1953, when he was removed during the purge of the "Pauker-Luca-Georgescu group."
From 1954, until his death, he was the director of a political publishing house, but, according to him, it was a “roadside” of the regime.
The Soviet historian Islamov T. M. published documents showing that Walter Roman literally " begged " the members of the Litvinov Commission about the approval of the victorious powers, the Soviet Union, the United States of America and Great Britain, the creation of an independent state of Transylvania [4] . The son of Walter, the Soviet historian Peter Roman denies his father’s words, saying that he supports Transylvania to remain a Romanian province [4] .
Recent documents show that Walter Roman was sent to the Hungarian People's Republic as part of the KGB unit, which was supposed to arrest the government of Imre Nagy after the 1956 Hungarian revolution in Budapest . After the members of the Nadia government were detained in Romania in a villa complex in Calimăneşti in Valcea County , they were taken to Bucharest and placed a villa complex on the shore of Lake Snagov belonging to the German military mission in Romania in the period 1940-1944 [Comm 2] . Two years later, Imre Nagy was transferred to Hungary and put on trial in 1958, sentenced to death and executed in Budapest by the new pro-Soviet leadership of socialist Hungary [5] .
Selected Works
- Soviet war. The direction of the main blows, 1946
- Theory of War, 1948
- Modern war 1948
- Modern military affairs, 1949
- Perspectives of Modern Physics and the Use of Atomic Energy, 1954
- Science and Socialism, 1958
- Science and technology in the era of the transition from capitalism to a communist society, 1962
- Industrial revolution in the development of society, 1965
- Scientific and technological revolution and its consequences for modern social and political events, 1968
- Essays on the scientific and technological revolution, 1970
- XX century: The Age of the Great Revolution, the praise of the communist revolution in the USSR, 1970
- Pages of the Past, Memoirs, 1971
- Under the sky of Spain. Knights of Hope. : Memories, 1972
Rewards
- 1945 - Order of the Red Star;
- 1963 - Order of Labor (Romania), I degree. [6]
Comments
- ↑ 1 2 3 Now Oradea , Romania .
- ↑ Currently, the villas are at the disposal of the Russian Embassy in Bucharest.
Notes
- ↑ Gh. Dej și statul polițienesc (lb. maghiară)
- ↑ Revista Korunk, oct. 2006 (lb. maghiară) (link not available)
- ↑ Tismăneanu V. Dialectical Insomnias. - 2004.
- ↑ 1 2 Cristina Vohn - Transilvania, în planurile URSS , articol în Jurnalul Național din 14 februarie 2006 (Link not available) . Date of treatment June 13, 2017. Archived January 1, 2008.
- ↑ Tibor Méray . Budapesta 1956. Atunci și după 44 de ani Archived October 17, 2009 on Wayback Machine - Editura Compania. - 376 pagini. - ISBN 973-8119-11-1 .
- ↑ Decretul 614/1963 pentru conferirea “Ordinului Muncii” clasa I tovarasului Valter Roman (inaccessible link) , legestart.ro, accesat 2010-08-16
Literature
- Ziarul Ziua , Nr. 3723 de vineri, 8 septembrie 2006
- Jurnalul Național , Marti, 5 Decembrie 2006
Links
- Walter Roman - dedicat bolsevismului international
- Sfera politicii
- Tatăl meu, Valter Roman , 1 mai 2008, Petre Roman, Jurnalul Național
- FOTO Apostolii lui Stalin. Politrucul regimentului: Biografia completă a lui Valter Roman și interviu cu fiul sau, Petre Roman , 6 decembrie 2014, Laurențiu Ungureanu, Radu Eremia, Adevărul