Zavidovo National Park

The relief is flat- moraine , the average height of the terrain is less than 150 m above sea level. Several rivers flow through the territory of the state complex, the largest are the Shosh , Lama , and Yauza . The riverbanks are low, swamps are widespread, and many lakes. The state complex includes Shoshinsky reach of the Moscow Sea ( Ivankovo ​​reservoir on the Volga). On the territory of the park there is the state residence " Rus " of the President of Russia , as well as a research and experimental farm. The territory is divided into three categories: specially guarded, guarded and not guarded.

Within the borders of the national park, there are 90 settlements, where 20 thousand people live.

The territory of the state complex is occupied by mixed forests, marshes, wetlands. The vegetation is represented by coniferous, mixed and deciduous forests, meadows, aquatic vegetation of shallow waters. In the forests birch , pine, spruce prevail; Aspen and alder are often found. The fauna is rich, in the park there are up to 41 species of mammals; In the forests there are many valuable hunting animals: elk , hare and hare , fox , wild boar , roe deer , weasel , ermine , brown bear , lynx ; from birds - wood - grouse , black grouse , hazel grouse , gray partridge; large numbers of waterfowl — mallards , teal and red- footed teal teal, broad-nosed, pintail , red-headed dive, googly , crested black nest in large numbers on water bodies (especially on the Shoshinsky Reach). Fish are found in: bream, carp, white bream, rudd, ide, tench, pike perch, pike, perch, asp, burbot. Maral , sika deer , beaver were introduced.

In the XVI century, in these places was a hunting hut Ivan the Terrible.

In the 1920s, V. Lenin liked to come to the local forests for spring hunting. On July 5, 1929, in the environs of the village of Kozlovo , Zavidovskoye military-hunting facilities of the Moscow Military District were created with a forest area of ​​about 13 thousand hectares In 1931, the reserve received the official status of a military-hunting economy. In 1935, from Nalchik and from the Far East , and in 1941, deer , spotted deer and wild boars were brought from Latvia to it.

On August 1, 1951, on the orders of Stalin, the military hunting farm was disbanded and his lands were transferred to the ownership of the Kozlovsk cloth factory.

In the early 1960s, it was decided to re-establish an exemplary hunting farm in Zavidovo. During the visits to the USSR , the guests of the reserve were Josip Broz Tito , Fidel Castro , Erich Honecker , President of Finland Urho Kekkonen , Janos Kadar . During the leadership of Nikita Khrushchev and Leonid Brezhnev, the territory was constantly expanding.

For Brezhnev, in the village of Kozlovo, a 2-storey cottage was built, finished inside and out with granite, marble, precious woods, a tower of pine lumber, as well as a hotel for twelve suites with a cinema hall and billiards. Brezhnev was very fond of hunting in Zavidovo. The hunt at Zavidovo was served by 463 troops. The killed game was transported to Kozlovo, where a sausage smoking workshop was equipped, the workers of which butchered up trophies and made sausage and stew from them. The members of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU , the candidates for members of the Politburo and the secretaries of the Central Committee of the CPSU for the holidays officers of the Feldeger communication brought ham and other smoked meats, fresh meat, hunting sausages in ceramic kegs, game, selected fish, honey, berries.

The security of the Zavidovo Group of Companies was ensured by a special battalion of the security brigade of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, as well as employees of the 9th Main Directorate of the KGB of the USSR, since November 2006, together with employees of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, round-the-clock service in the suburban residence of the President of the Russian Federation "Rus" is carried out by riot police Rosguards in the Tver region .

In the early 1970s, the reconstruction and construction of new structures began. The construction was personally supervised by Marshal A. A. Grechko .

In 1971, on the basis of the Zavidovsky hunting economy of the USSR Ministry of Defense, a state research pilot reserve was established.

In February 1992, Russian President Boris Yeltsin ordered the creation of the Zavidovo State Complex, which includes a national park and the official country residence of the President Rus. By the same order, the complex was subordinate to the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation . On August 18, 1996, by the decree of the President of the Russian Federation, the status of the residence of the President of the Russian Federation was approved at the Zavidovo state complex.

• Nature of the Moscow region. Zavidovo: Photoalbum / Auto-comp. I.K. Kolodyazhny , S.G. Manush ; Fot. S.G. Manush and others; Ed. A. M. Kolosov . - M .: Planet , 1984. - 256 p. - 25 000 copies

• Zavidovo State Complex
• V. Nikolaev. Natural complex "Zavidovo" (Neopr.) (inaccessible link) . Archived March 9, 2012.
• Presidential Decree of 18 August 1996 No. 1217 “On the Zavidovo State Complex of the Federal Guard Service of Russia” (Unidentified) (not available link) . Archived July 13, 2015.
• The state residence of the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin "Rus" is located in Zavidovo / Moscow region /
• M. Pavlov. Kremlin safari (Outdated link. Archived from source (Unsolved) (not available link) . Archived on September 13, 2011. September 13, 2011).