Svetlogorsk district (Gomel region)

In the area of ​​2 village councils - Parichsky , Sosnovoborsky and 6 village councils:

• Borovikovsky
• Davydovsky
• Krasnovsky
• Nikolaevsky
• Ostashkovichsky
• Chirkovichsky

Abolished village councils in the district:

• Kozlovsky
• Pechishchansky
• Polessky

It is located in the north of the region, on the plain of Gomel Polesie, the northern part - on the Central Berezinsky plain. The area is 1899.91 km² (11th place). It borders on Zhlobin , Rechitsa , Kalinkovichi , Oktyabrsky districts of the Gomel region and Bobruisk district of the Mogilev region .

The climate is temperate continental. The main rivers are the Berezina and its tributaries Ola , Sved and Zherdyanka, as well as the Ipa - a tributary of Pripyat . The area is located Sosnovoborsk reservoir. There are deposits of oil , peat , fusible clay, building sand, rock salt (Davydovskoe deposit).

Ecology

Svetlogorsk is considered one of the most unfavorable cities in the Republic of Belarus in terms of ecology. In 2017-2018, complaints of local residents about the quality of atmospheric air became more frequent. Local residents associate the complication of the environmental situation with the construction of a new bleached sulphate pulp mill by Chinese companies, 2 km from the city limits and 500 m from the village of Yakimova Sloboda. In 2012, citizens collected 10 thousand signatures against the construction of this plant. The company was put into operation at the end of 2017, after which local residents began to complain of unpleasant odor, suffocation, nausea, sore throat, and vomiting. Local authorities and representatives of the plant confirmed the fact of emissions, but called them temporary and associated with the forced adjustment of equipment in the process of reaching full capacity. At the same time, it was emphasized that in the air samples no excess of the maximum permissible concentrations of pollutants was detected. According to the calculations of the Belarusian Research Center "Ecology", in the residential area of ​​the city, the concentrations of hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, formaldehyde should not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations, remaining at the level of 0.6-0.96 MPC (60% -96% of the permissible level). It is assumed that the pungent smell of rotten cabbage, which was felt by local residents, was caused by mercaptans , the presence of which in the atmosphere had not previously been studied ^{[5] [6] [7] [8]} .

In January 2019, environmental activists revealed that the plant was pouring unidentified liquid into Berezina through storm sewers, and not through industrial sewers and special treatment facilities ^[9] .

In addition to putting into operation a bleached sulphate pulp plant, the Svetlogorsk TPP is being reconstructed in the city with the prospect of replacing expensive imported fuel with local peat, in the process of burning of which ash is formed and falls onto the ground ^[5] .

According to the inventory of 1639, the Parichsky Dvor is known - a territory that included most of the modern Svetlogorsk district, including the village of Shatilovichi (now the city of Svetlogorsk). The center of the court yard was with. Parichi (now an urban village ). The Parichsky court was part of the Bobruisk elder , part of the Rechitsa district of the Menskoe Voivodeship of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Russian and Zhemoyutsky , Commonwealth ^[10] .

In the inventory of 1684 there is the Parisian army of the Bobruisk elder ^[11] .

After July 22, 1793 , as a result of the II division of the Commonwealth and the inclusion of the Minsk Voivodeship in the Russian Empire , the Parisk parish of Bobruisk district of the Minsk province was formed (in 1795 - 1796 - Minsk governorship).

Since March 25, 1918 the Parisk parish - in the proclaimed Belarusian People’s Republic ; from January 1, 1919 - in the Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic , from February 27, 1919 - in the Lithuanian-Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic , from July 31, 1920 - again in the BSSR (from December 30, 1922 to December 26, 1991 in the USSR , September 19, 1991 - Republic of Belarus).

In 1921, the Minsk province was liquidated, and its districts (including Bobruisk) began to enter directly into the BSSR. On August 20, 1924, volosts and counties were liquidated.

On July 17, 1924, the Parichsky district was formed, which is part of the Bobruisk district (existed until July 26, 1930 ), and then: from February 20, 1938 - to Polesskaya , from April 20, 1944 - to Bobruisk , from January 8, 1954 - to Gomel region.

On June 9, 1960, the district center was moved to the town of Shatilki, on July 29, 1961, the village of Shatilki was transformed into Svetlogorsk, and the Parichsky district was renamed Svetlogorsk ^[12] .

The population of the district is 83,200 people, including 71,264 people living in urban conditions. There are 104 settlements in the region, including 3 urban and 101 rural ^[13] .

As of January 1, 2018, 17.7% of the population of the district were younger than working age, 53.6% - of working age, 28.7% - of older than working age. The average indicators in the Gomel region are 18.3%, 56.6% and 25.1%, respectively ^[14] .

The birth rate in the district in 2017 was 10.5 per 1000 people (one of the lowest in the region), the mortality rate was 15.1. In total, 882 were born in the district in 2017 and 1263 people died. The average birth and death rates in the Gomel Region are 11.3 and 13, respectively, in the Republic of Belarus - 10.8 and 12.6, respectively ^{[15] [16]} . The migration balance is negative (in 2017, 974 people left the district more than they arrived - in absolute terms, the highest indicator in the region) ^[17] .

In 2017, 545 marriages (6.5 per 1000 people) and 303 divorces (3.6 per 1000 people; the highest rate in the region) were concluded in the region. The average indicators in the Gomel region are 6.9 marriages and 3.2 divorces per 1000 people, in the Republic of Belarus - 7 and 3.4, respectively ^[18] .

Industry

Enterprises of oil, chemical, engineering, woodworking, pulp and paper, building materials, food industry, cogeneration, etc.

Agriculture

Agriculture specializes in animal husbandry, growing grain, fodder crops and potatoes.

In 2017, agricultural organizations planted 17 635 ha of arable land for grain and leguminous crops, and 25 978 ha for fodder crops ^[26] . In 2016, 37.9 thousand tons of grain and legumes were harvested, in 2017 - 39 thousand tons (yield - 27.5 kg / ha in 2016 and 22.1 kg / ha in 2017). The average grain yield in the Gomel region in 2016-2017 was 30.1 and 28 kg / ha, in the Republic of Belarus - 31.6 and 33.3 kg / ha ^[27] .

As of January 1, 2018, the agricultural organizations of the district (excluding personal households and farmers) contained 35.4 thousand heads of cattle, including 10.6 thousand cows, as well as 13.4 thousand pigs and 465, 9 thousand heads of poultry ^[28] . In 2017, 14 thousand tons of meat in live weight and 54.8 thousand tons of milk were produced with an average milk yield of 5474 kg (the average milk yield per cow in agricultural organizations of the Gomel region was 4947 kg in 2017) ^[29] .

The Zhlobin - Kalinkovichi railway, the Bobruisk-Kalinkovichi and Oktyabrsky-Parichi- Rechitsa railways pass through the district. Bus stations - in Svetlogorsk and Parichy. Shipping on the Berezina; in Parichy - ferry service.

In 2017, 36 preschool education institutions operated in the district (including kindergarten - school complexes) with 3.7 thousand children. In the 2017/2018 academic year, there were 28 institutions of general secondary education, in which 8.7 thousand students studied. The educational process in schools was provided by 1019 teachers, on average 8.5 students per teacher (the average value in the Gomel region is 8.6, in the Republic of Belarus - 8.7) ^[30] .

In the district center are the Svetlogorsk Museum of History and Local Lore and the Svetlogorsk Picture Gallery "Tradytsyya" named after G.M. Pryanishnikov, which collected 7.6 and 0.6 thousand museum items of the main fund, respectively. In 2016, 16.6 and 12.5 thousand people respectively visited museums ^[31] .

In 2017, in the institutions of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus, there were 234 practitioners (28.1 in terms of 10 thousand people; the average for the Gomel region - 39.3, for the Republic of Belarus - 40.5) and 827 paramedical workers. The number of hospital beds in the medical institutions of the region is 657 (in terms of 10 thousand people - 79; the average for the Gomel region is 86.4, for the Republic of Belarus - 80.2) ^[32] .

• Zdudi stone cross
• On the site of the village Koroleva Sloboda-2 (Krasnovsky village council) in the 17th century there was the city of Casimir , which had Magdeburg law .

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  Zdudi stone cross

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  Coat of arms of the city ​​of Casimir, 1643

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  Korolevslobodsky stone with a cross , 17 century

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  In the center of Svetlogorsk

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  Conference "Shatilkov Readings"

• Pamyatsk: Svetlagorsk. Svetlagorsk Raion. 2 kn. Prince 1. Mn., 2000. ISBN 985-01-0254-3 . (belor.)
• Pamyatsk: Svetlagorsk. Svetlagorsk Raion. 2 kn. Prince 2. Mn., 2003. ISBN 985-01-0255-1 . (belor.)

• Svetlogorsk district executive committee.
• Regional party "Svetlagorsk". (belor.)
• Sights.
• Map and summary.
• Heraldry of Svetlogorsk.
• Heraldry of the city of Parichi.
• Heraldry p. p. Sosnovy Bor.
• Voinava A.M., Paluyan A.M. Culinary traditions of the Svetlagorsk district. (belor.)