In many game team sports, the goalkeeper (also the goalkeeper , from the English goalkeeper ) is a player whose duty is to defend his goal , that is, not to allow the opposing team to score a goal . Usually there are special rules that apply only to goalkeepers. Goalkeepers often carry extra equipment.
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Goalkeepers in various sports
Soccer
In football, a goalkeeper can touch the ball with his hands within his own penalty area . The goalkeeper uniform must be different from the form of other team players, as well as opponents and referees. The goalkeeper wears special gloves that soften the blows and allow him to better hold the ball. A goalkeeper who leaves the penalty area is considered an ordinary player.
Futsal
In futsal, the goalkeeper has the right to play with his hands within his own penalty area. It can control the ball in its half of the court (with hands or feet) for no more than 4 seconds .
Ball Hockey
In ball hockey, the goalkeeper plays without a stick within the penalty area (a semicircle with a radius of 17 m). The goalie's suit must be different in color from the suit of the rest of the team. The goalkeeper is allowed to wear protective equipment, as well as special shields that tightly fit his legs to protect against bruises when falling and directly hitting the ball. To protect the hands, it is allowed to wear special gloves, but the fingers of the goalkeeper's gloves should be separated and should not have membranes or traps between them. It is allowed to stick on a glove a layer of sponge, foam rubber or other material without increasing their size. The goalkeeper must also be ice skating and wearing a helmet. The use of a protective mask by the goalkeeper is mandatory.
Ice Hockey
In ice hockey, the goalkeeper wears special equipment, consisting of reinforced shell, helmet, shields, traps, pancake and a special club . The goalkeeper can hold the puck to the ice or trap it to stop the game (for this he must hold the puck for three seconds). Attacking a goalkeeper is considered a violation.
Unlike goalkeepers in other sports, the goalkeeper in ice hockey in English is usually called not a goalkeeper, but a goaltender or goalie.
Field Hockey
In field hockey, the goalkeeper wears protective equipment and is allowed to reflect the ball with any part of his body. The goalkeeper can play with all parts of the body only in the circle of the blow, behind him he can play only with the club.
Water Polo
In water polo, the goalkeeper can take the ball with both hands and shoots at someone else's goal, but must always be within its 5-meter area.
Handball
In handball, the goalkeeper plays in the goalkeeper zone (distance 6 m from the goal). The shape of the goalkeeper must be different in color from the shape of the other players in the team and from the color of the goalkeeper's shape of the opposing team. The goalkeeper is allowed to wear protective equipment over his head (soft helmet). The use of a protective sink by the goalkeeper is a must. In the goalkeeper area, the goalkeeper may touch the ball with any part of the body. According to modern rules, players are assigned numbers from 1 to 20, however, number 1 is given to the goalkeeper. In addition, according to tradition, goalkeepers usually play under numbers 12 and 16. (Previously, the rules clearly stated that numbers 1, 12 and 16 belong to the goalkeepers of the team.)