A single-board computer (SBC, English single-board computer ) is a self-contained computer assembled on a single printed circuit board on which a microprocessor, RAM, input-output systems and other modules necessary for the functioning of the computer are installed. Single-board computers are manufactured as demonstration systems, systems for developers or education, or for use as industrial or embedded computers.
Unlike traditional personal computers of the desktop form factor (AT, ATX standards, etc.), single-board computers often do not require the installation of any additional peripheral boards. Some single-board systems are made in the form of a compact board with a processor and memory, connected to the backplane to expand capabilities, for example, to increase the number of available connectors.
Most often, these solutions must be protected or very compact, so all components must be located on one board.
Such savings on the one hand make the entire device more compact and much cheaper due to the use of the system on a chip, on the other hand, expanding the capabilities - changing the processor or memory - is difficult, since most of these components are soldered to the board.
General Comparison of Single Board Computers
[1] [2]
| Title | Model | date beginning of sales (announcement) | Chip system | CPU | GPU | RAM | Storage device Persistent memory | operating system |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arndale board | 5250-AA | Samsung Exynos 5 | 2x Cortex-A15 @ 1.7 GHz | Mali-t604mp4 72 GFLOPS | 2 GB DDR3 (L) | SATA 3.0, microSD port | ||
| Asus tinker board | Rockchip RK3288 | Cortex-A17 @ 1.8 GHz | Mali-t764 | 2 GB DDR3 | microSD , 16GB eMMC (S version) | TinkerOS linux | ||
| Beagleboard | TI OMAP3530 | TMS320C64x @ 430 MHz, DSP | 128 MB LPDDR | 256 MB NAND flash | ||||
| BeagleBoard-xM | Cortex-A8 @ 1 GHz | C64x, DSP | 512 MB LPDDR | |||||
| Beagle bone | A6 | TI AM3359 | Cortex-A8 @ 720 MHz | LCD | 256 MB DDR2 | 4GB flash | ||
| BeagleBone Black | A5c | TI Sitara | Cortex-A8 @ 1 GHz | PowerVR SGX530 | 512 MB DDR3L | 2 GB flash, microSD | ||
| Cappuccino pc | ||||||||
| Cotton candy | Cortex-A9 @ 1.2 GHz | Mali 400mp4 | 1 GB | microSD expandable up to 64 GB | ||||
| CHIP [3] | v1.0 | Allwinner r8 | Cortex-A8 @ 1GHz | Mali-400 | 512 MB DDR3 @ 533 MHz | 4 GB NAND flash, USBU | ||
| Cubieboard | 2012/9 | Allwinner A10 | Cortex-A8 @ 1 GHz | Mali-400 | 1 GB DDR3 @ 480 MHz | 4 GB NAND flash, microSD port, SATA port. | ||
| Cubieboard 2 | 2013/7 | Allwinner A20 | 2x Cortex-A7 @ 1 GHz | Mali-400mp2 | 1 GB DDR3 @ 980 MHz | 4 GB NAND flash, microSD port, SATA port. | ||
| Cubox | Marvell armada 510 | PJ4 @ 800 MHz | 1 GB DDR3 @ 800 MHz | |||||
| CuBox-i | 2 | 2013/11 | Freescale i.MX6 Dual Lite | 1x, 2x or 4x ARM Cortex A9 @ 1 GHz | Vivante GC880 or Vivante GC2000 | 1-2 GB DDR3 @ 800 MHz | microSD port | |
| Foxconn AT-5570 | AMD C-70 | Radeon HD 7290 | 8 GB DDR3 | |||||
| Gamestick | 2013/11 | Amlogic 8726-MX | ARM Cortex A9 | Mali-400 MP | 1 GB DDR3 / 8 GB FLASH | 8 GB flash | ||
| Hola-pc | Solo | 2014/01 | Freescale i.MX6 Solo | ARM Cortex A9 1GHz | Cg880 | 512M DDR3-800 | micro SD, USB, production in Russia | |
| Holaduo-pc | Dual | 2014/05 | Freescale i.MX6 Dual | 2xARM Cortex A9 1GHz | Gc2000 | 1GB DDR3-1066 | micro SD, USB, SATA, production in Russia | |
| Zealz GK802 | Freescale i.mx6 | 4x Cortex-A9 @ 1.2 GHz | Vivante GC2000, Quad core GPU, Quad IPU | DDR3 1GB | 8GB NAND Flash expandable to 16 (32) GB | |||
| Gigabyte Intel NUC type | ||||||||
| Gizmo board | AMD Embedded G-Series APU | 1 GB DDR3 | ||||||
| Gooseberry | Allwinner A10 | Cortex-A8 @ 1 GHz | Mali-400 | 4 GB | ||||
| Gumstix overo | Cortex-A8 @ 1 GHz | 256 MB / 512 MB LP-DDR | 512 MB NAND flash | |||||
| Hackberry a10 | Allwinner A10 | Cortex-A8 @ 1.2 GHz | Mali-400 | 512 MB / 1 GB DDR3 | 4 GB NAND | |||
| Hiapad Hi-802 | Freescale i.mx6 | 4x Cortex-A9 | 1 GB | |||||
| Intel NUC | Intel Core i3 | |||||||
| Libre computer | Renegade Elite [4] | 2018 | Rockchip RK3399 | 2x Cortex-A72 + 4x Cortex-A53 | 4x Mali-T860 | 4 GB LPDDR4 | MicroSD, eMMC 5.x | Linux Mainline 4.19+, Linux Rockchip 4.4, Android 8 Oreo |
| Marsboard | Allwinner A10 | Cortex-A8 @ 1.2 GHz | Mali400 | 1 GB DDR3 | 4 GB NAND Flash | |||
| MinnowBoard [5] | 2013 | Intel Atom E640 1 GHz, 32-bit | Gma600 | 1 GB DDR2 RAM | ||||
| MK808 | Rockchip RK3066 | 2x Cortex-A9 @ 1.6 GHz | Mali-400MP4 @ 250 MHz | 1 GB DDR3 | 8 GB NAND Flash | |||
| MTB025 | VIA WM8850 | Cortex-A8 @ 1.2 GHz | Mali-400 | 512 MB | 4 GB | |||
| Nitrogen6x | Rev 3 | 2013/6 | Freescale i.mx6 | 4x Cortex-A9 @ 1 GHz | Vivante GC2000 (3D) + Vivante GC355 ( OpenVG ) + Vivante GC320 (2D) | 1 GB DDR3 @ 532 MHz | SATA 2.5, 2x microSD | |
| ODROID | U2 | Samsung Exynos 4 | 4x Cortex-A9 @ 1.7 GHz | Mali-400MP4 @ 440 MHz | 2 GB LP-DDR2 | |||
| ODROID | U3 | Samsung Exynos 4 | 4x Cortex-A9 @ 1.7 GHz | Mali-400MP4 @ 440 MHz | 2 GB LP-DDR2 | MicroSD Card Slot eMMC module socket | ||
| ODROID | X2 | Samsung Exynos 4 | 4x Cortex-A9 @ 1.7 GHz | Mali-400MP4 @ 440 MHz | 2 GB LP-DDR2 | Full size SDHC Card Slot eMMC module socket | ||
| ODROID | Xu | Samsung Exynos 5 | 4x Cortex-A15 1.6 GHz + 4x Cortex-A7 8 cores, big.LITTLE | PowerVR SGX544MP3 GPU | 2 GB LPDDR3 | Micro-SD slot, eMMC 4.5 module connector | ||
| ODROID | XU3 | Samsung Exynos 5 | 4x Cortex-A15 2 GHz + 4x Cortex-A7 1.4 GHz 8 cores, big.LITTLE | Mali-T628 MP6 | 2 GB LPDDR3 @ 933 MHz | Micro-SD slot, eMMC 5.0 module connector | ||
| OLinuXino A13 | Allwinner A13 | Cortex-A8 @ 1 GHz | Mali-400 | 512 MB | ||||
| OLinuXino A20 | 2013/6 | Allwinner A20 | 2x Cortex-A7 | Mali-400mp2 | 1 GB | |||
| OLinuXino-Maxi | Freescale i.MX233 | 926EJ-S @ 454 MHz | LCD | 512 MB DDR | ||||
| Ouya | 2013 | 4x Cortex-A9 @ 1.7 GHz | Nvidia ULP GeForce | 1 GB | 8 GB flash | |||
| Pandaboard ES | Cortex-A9 @ 1.2 GHz | PowerVR SGX540 | 1 GB | |||||
| pcDuino | Dev-11712 | Cortex-A8 @ 1 GHz | Mali-400mp4 | 1 GB DRAM | 2 GB Flash | Linux, Android | ||
| Raspberry pi | Model B | 2012 | Broadcom BCM2835 | ARM11 @ 700 MHz | Broadcom VideoCore IV | 512 MB | Sd card | |
| Rikomagic MK802 | MK802 | AllWinner A1X | Cortex-A8 @ 1 GHz | Mali-400 | 1 GB | 4 GB Flash | ||
| Snowball | SKY-S9500 | 2x Cortex-A9 @ 1 GHz | Mali-400 | 1 GB LP-DDR2 | 4 (8) GB e-MMC | |||
| U2 | Allwinner A10 | Cortex-a8 | 1 GB | 4 GB | ||||
| UDOO | 2013/10 | Freescale i.MX6 Dual / Quad | 2x or 4x ARM Cortex A9 @ 1 GHz | Vivante gc2000 | 1 GB DDR3 | microSD port | ||
| Velocity Micro Edge Mini | Intel Core i3 | Intel HD 4000 graphics | 4 GB | 64 GB mSATA SSD | ||||
| VIA APC | 8750 | WonderMedia WM8750 | 1176JZF @ 800 MHz | 720p | 512 MB DDR3 | 2 GB NAND | ||
| VIA EPIA-P910-10 | 4x VIA E @ 1 GHz | VIA Chromotion 5.0 DX11 | DDR3 800/1066/1333 SO-DIMM socket | |||||
| Vo-core | Ralink / Mediatek RT5350 | 360 MHz RT5350 MIPS | 32 MB RAM | 8MB SPI Flash (for firmware) | ||||
| Wandboard | Solo | 2013 | Freescale i.mx6 | 1x Cortex A9 @ 1 GHz | Vivante GC880 (3D) + Vivante GC320 (2D) | 512 MB DDR3 | 2x microSD | |
| Dual | 2x Cortex A9 @ 1 GHz | 1 GB DDR3 | ||||||
| Quad | 4x Cortex A9 @ 1 GHz | Vivante GC2000 (3D) + Vivante GC355 ( OpenVG ) + Vivante GC320 (2D) | 2 GB DDR3 | 2x microSD, SATA | ||||
| OMINOv1 | A10 | 2015/09 | Allwinner A10 | Cortex-A8 @ 1 GHz | Mali-400 | 1 GB DDR3 @ 408 MHz | 4 GB NAND, microSD, SATA | |
| A20 | Allwinner A20 | 2x Cortex-A7 @ 1 GHz | Mali-400mp2 |
General comparison of single-board hardware platforms
Hardware platforms are microcontrollers, not full-fledged computers. They do not have an operating system as such.
In most cases, hardware platforms are used to build simple automation and robotics systems. Simply put, their main task is device management.
Single-board hardware platforms are not an analog, but an alternative to single-board computers.
| Title | Model | date beginning of sales (announcement) | Chip system | CPU | GPU | RAM | Storage device Persistent memory |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arduino uno | R3 | ATMega 328 @ 16 MHz | N / a | 2 kB | 32 kB flash | ||
| Netduino Plus 2 | Cortex-M4 @ 168 MHz | More than 100 kB |
Notes
- ↑ Koornneef, F. and van Gulijk, C. Computer Safety, Reliability, and Security: SAFECOMP 2015 Workshops, ASSURE, DECSoS. ISSE, ReSA4CI, and SASSUR, Delft, The Netherlands, September 22, 2015, Proceedings. - Springer International Publishing, 2015 .-- ISBN 9783319242491 .
- ↑ Ringing in 2016 with 64 open-spec, hacker friendly SBCs / LinuxGizmos, Dec 31, 2015 - by Eric Brown
- ↑ Next Thing Co. Get CHIP - The World's First Nine Dollar Computer (link not available) . www.getchip.com. Date of treatment July 16, 2016. Archived July 19, 2016.
- ↑ ROC-RK3399-PC (Renegade Elite) - Libre Computer (English) . libre.computer. Date of treatment June 25, 2018.
- ↑ Technical Features | minnowboard.org
Links
- Update on Single-Board Computers / Linux Journal, May 01, 2002
- Ringing in 2015 with 40 Linux-friendly hacker SBCs / LinuxGizmos, Dec 31, 2014
- THEN AND NOW: A BRIEF HISTORY OF SINGLE BOARD COMPUTERS / Element14, 2014
- The Single Board Computer Database single board computer database