General Directorate of Migration Affairs of the Russian Federation

The functions of the Main Internal Affairs Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs are the implementation of state policy in the field of migration (emigration, immigration), including countering illegal migration, citizenship, registration of individuals, refugees and other categories of migrants provided for by law.

The main tasks are also the enforcement of regulations in the field of registration , issuance and replacement of basic documents proving the identity of a citizen of Russia , including outside the territory of the Russian Federation, the acquisition of citizenship of the Russian Federation and refusal of it, control over the stay in the country of foreign citizens and stateless persons .

It is the assignee of the FMS of Russia.

Creating a Passport and Visa Service

The creation of the Passport and Visa Service is closely related to the population in the USSR . In accordance with the decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of June 25, 1919, all citizens of the RSFSR who had reached the age of 16 were obliged to have a work record with the characteristic slogan “Not a Worker, Do Not Eat”. The employment record indicated the place of work, as well as registration .

At the end of the period of military communism and the beginning of the NEP, the passport and visa rules were substantially liberalized. The decree of January 1922 granted the right of unimpeded movement throughout the territory of the RSFSR to all citizens of the country. On June 20, 1923, by decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR, “On Identity Card”, from January 1, 1924, special urgent (for 3 years) identity cards were introduced, the receipt of which was not obligatory, and passports, other residence permits and employment records were canceled.

On May 4, 1923, the NKVD of the RSFSR approved the provision “On address bureaus and address desks in the RSFSR”, which were created by the city police departments for conducting registration and registration of the population, as well as issuing address references.

In connection with the establishment on the basis of the Decree of the Council of People's Commissars of May 3, 1923 "On the simplification of the structure and downsizing of the People's Commissariats and their subordinate bodies" on August 13 of the same year, the Central Administrative Department (NADA) who approved the regulation on the management, organization of work on accounting and control of the stay of Soviet and foreign citizens by order was entrusted to the police department of the Central Directorate of the NKVD of the RSFSR ^[5] .

The resolution of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR of April 28, 1925 “On the Registration of Citizens in Urban Settlements” provided for a duty to register an entry in the house register in the relevant police department within 48 hours from the moment of arrival of citizens.

In July 1927, the new Decree "On Identity Card", which canceled the Decree of 1923, introduced an identity card, united on the territory of the RSFSR. The certificate indicated: name, surname, patronymic of a citizen, date and place of birth, address, occupation, attitude to military duty, dependents and the document for which an identity card was issued. In addition, the right to identify is extended to a number of other documents: metric extracts, certificates of house committees, service passes, military and student cards.

By the Decree of the CEC and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR of December 15, 1930 “On the liquidation of the people's commissars of internal affairs of the Union and autonomous republics” and the subsequent Decree of the CEC and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR on December 31 of the same year The tasks of admitting to Soviet citizenship and issuing passports abroad are entrusted to the presidiums of the executive committees of local Soviets of People's Deputies.

In connection with the industrialization that led to the mass migration of the working-age population, on December 27, 1932, the Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR M. I. Kalinin , the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars V. M. Molotov and Secretary of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR A. Enukidze signed Resolution No. 57/1917 "On the establishment of a single passport system for the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republic and the mandatory registration of passports." All citizens of the USSR from the age of 16, who permanently lived in cities, working villages, working on transport and state farms, were obliged to have passports. The rural population of the country was not provided with passports (with the exception of those living in the ten-kilometer border zone).

Simultaneously with the said decree of the CEC and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, on December 27, 1932, the decree “On the formation of the Main Directorate of Workers 'and Peasants' Militia under the OGPU of the USSR” was issued. This body was created for the general management of the work of the workers 'and peasants' militia departments of the Union republics, as well as for the introduction of a single passport system throughout the Soviet Union, the registration of passports and for the direct management of the tasks of passporting the country.

This day is considered the day of the foundation of the passport (passport and visa) service.

Abolition of Passport and Visa Services

In accordance with Presidential Decree No. 928 of July 19, 2004, all law enforcement and monitoring, supervision and state services in the field of migration assigned to the Passport and Visa Service of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia are transferred to the Federal Migration Service. The final dissolution of the service took place on January 1, 2006 with the formation of territorial bodies of the FMS of Russia.

Abolition of the FMS of Russia

On April 5, 2016, by the decree of the President of the Russian Federation, the FMS of Russia was abolished, and its functions and powers were transferred to the Directorate General for Migration of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.

• Major General of Police Olga Kirillova (April 2016 - December 2018)
• Police Major General Kazakova, Valentina Lvovna (February 8, 2019 - to present)

• Passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation
• USSR passport
• Visa
• OVIR

• Passport service is 65 years old. - M. , 1997. - 12 p. .
• Rybnikov V.V., Aleksushin G.V. History of the law enforcement bodies of the Fatherland. - M. , 2007. - 296 p. .

• History of the Passport and Visa Services