Bolshoye Salya ( Armenian Մեծ Սալա ) is a village in the Myasnikovsky District of the Rostov Region .
Village | |
Big Salas | |
---|---|
Եծ Սալա | |
A country | Russia |
Subject of the federation | Rostov region |
Municipal district | Myasnikovsky |
Rural settlement | Bolsheselskoye |
History and geography | |
Based | 1779 |
Timezone | UTC + 3 |
Population | |
Population | ▲ 3483 people ( 2010 ) |
Digital identifiers | |
Telephone code | +7 86349 |
Postcode | 346816 |
OKATO code | 60235805001 |
OKTMO code | |
The administrative center of the Bolshealsky rural settlement .
The population is 3483 people ( 2010 ).
Content
History
The Big Saly were founded in 1779 by Armenians who resettled here from the Crimea by decree of Catherine II . The founders of the Great Salov moved from the Crimean village of Sala .
Legend of the founding of the village of Big Sala with the words of old-timers. Armenians - immigrants, who arrived on the Don land in 1779, chose the right bank of the Tuzlov River, not far from Nesvetaya, as a place for justification. In the very first days of their stay in the river, the girl sank. After that, the Bolshebalans moved to the source of the shallow Temernik small river - closer to the drinking springs.
Thanks to A.P. Chekhov , the charming Mariam Kundupyan (Kirpiyan), baptized and married in the local church, gained worldwide fame. A young writer of the village of Bolshoi Saly made a great writer of one of the heroines of his story "Beauties". [1] [2]
Simon Vratsyan in his book "On the roads of life" describes the history of the resettlement of Armenians from the Crimea to the Don. He noted that the village of Bolshoy Saly, among other villages of the region, was the richest and most fun and cultural village. The houses are made of stone, brick and thick boards, and the roofs are covered with roofing iron or tiles. Two wooden bridges across the river Temernik connected two blocks. On the square of the village there were: a vodka shop, Melkon Ahai barber shop, Mikita's grocery, “able to forge frogs” (Hurbaha’s bad). Slightly on the side were the office (zborny, that is, the village council) of the village headmen, homeless. He was his uncle Mikishka, who had one policeman, Cholah Martin, and a clerk, Ivan. Near the bridge was the forge of another Ivan.
At the beginning of the 20th century, two stone, arched bridges were built on the river. During the war, the fascist invaders broke them, but the bases of the bridges remained. [3]
Black elderberry grew in abundance in the deep beam of Temernichki. In 1932-1933, the river outside the village was blocked and a deep lake was formed right up to the bridge. Now it has become a wide swamp. [four]
Great Patriotic War
In the fall of 1941, the war reached Rostov-on-Don. On the outskirts of the city a fierce battle unfolded. On November 18, in the area of the village of Bolshoi Saly, on a small mound of Berber-Oba, an artillery battery under the command of Lieutenant Oganov and political instructor Vavilov entered an unequal, fierce battle with 50 tanks. In this battle all Soviet gunners were killed. But Rostov-on-Don was liberated from the Nazi invaders. This was the first major offensive operation of the Red Army in the Great Patriotic War. In the village of Bolshoi Saly, near which the batterymen died, a monument in their honor was erected.
Population
Population, people | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1959 | 1970 | 1979 | 1989 | 2002 | 2010 [5] |
- | - | - | - | 3255 | 4246 |
Famous natives and residents
- Bostanjiyan, Vartan Artashesovich (born 1938) - Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, an employee of a research institute at the Scientific Center in Chernogolovka (Moscow Region).
- Bostanjiyan, Seyran Artashesovich (born 1930) - Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, a staff member of a research institute at the Scientific Center in Chernogolovka (Moscow Region).
- Bugaev, Lusegen Armenakovich (born 1952) - Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Theoretical and Computational Physics at the Southern Federal University.
- Bugayan, Ilya Rubenovich (born 1943) - Doctor of Economics, Professor of the Department of Economic Theory and Entrepreneurship, Academician-Secretary of the Philosophy of Economics of the North-Caucasian Academy of Public Administration.
- Bugayan, Ogan Akopovich - a student at the Vienna Medical University. Since the beginning of World War I was deported to Russia. In 1919 he graduated from the Moscow Medical Institute.
- Bugayan, Ruben Egisheevich (1919-1997) - 6-time champion of the Russian championship in freestyle and classical wrestling, bronze medalist of the USSR championship, master of sports of the USSR, honored trainer of the RSFSR, judge of the All-Union category, veteran of the Great Patriotic War. He was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War II degree and the medal "For Victory over Germany." For great merits awarded the medal "Veteran Labor".
- Demiryan, Mikael Ovagemovich - doctor. He received medical education in Switzerland. After graduation, he returned to the Big Saly. He worked as a doctor for over 35 years.
- Vratsyan, Simon (at birth Gimaruzyan Simavon Khazarosovich, 1882–1969) - Armenian statesman, fourth Prime Minister of the Republic of Armenia (from November 28 to December 2, 1920).
- Zohrabyan, Ovagem Lusparonovich (1917-2001) - Honored Doctor of the RSFSR; From 1960 to 1970 he was the head of health care in Rostov-on-Don.
- Zohrabyan, Usyk (1871–1942) - Archbishop, a public figure who graduated from the University of Leipzig in Germany, as well as the University of Law of Moscow University. He taught at the Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages. He was the head of Novonahichevansky parish and the head teacher of the parish school in the years 1918-1920.
- Kupin, Andrei Aleksandrovich - world champion in kickboxing among professionals.
- Koruzyan, Andranik Gevorkovich (1911–1994) - was awarded the Order of Lenin, in 1939 in Moscow this award was presented to the All-Russian elder Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin in Moscow.
- Luspekaev, Pavel Borisovich (1927–1970) - Soviet film actor, Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1965), Laureate of the Russian State Prize (1997), “ White Sun of the Desert ”, posthumously.
- Malkhasyan, Abel Sarkisovich (1913-1944) - champion of the RSFSR in weightlifting. Prize-winner in skiing. He died at the front of the Great Patriotic War. He posed for the sculptor Vuchetich when he created bronze athletes supporting the fountain bowl on Theater Square in Rostov-on-Don.
- Malkhasyan, Andranik Georgievich (11/21/1921 - Jan. 17, 2019) - veteran of World War II, Excellence in Education of the USSR, Honored Teacher of the School of the Russian Federation.
- Mucci-Grigoryan, Elena Seyranovna (born 1976) - a doctor, a specialist in the field of geriatrics. She studied at King’s College London, Brighton & Sussex School of Medicine, Yale University.
- Nazikyan, Armenak Davidovich (born 1962) - actor, film director. Since 1992 - actor of the Comedy Theater. Akimov. The directorial film debut - the film "Urgent Freight" (2003).
- Nazikyan, Armenak Dikranovich (1923-2014) - a veteran of World War II, a participant in the storming of Berlin. He was awarded orders: Red Star, World War II degree, World War I degree, as well as many medals.
- Ovanesyan, Armenak Arsentevich (1913-2002) - a veteran of World War II, a full gentleman of the Order of Glory . May 15, 1946 awarded the Order of Glory I degree for street fighting in Berlin, and for the capture of the Reichstag. On the labor front, he was awarded the Order of the October Revolution.
- Odamanyan, Gabriel / Kaprel Martynovich (1887–1981) - Honored Doctor of the RSFSR. During the Great Patriotic War and the postwar years he was the head of the oblast health department. He worked in this position for more than 20 years.
- Khashkhayan, Ilya Markovich (1922-1995) - the famous Don painter; he wrote the paintings “Big Sala”, “The Village of Pukhlyakovskaya”, “Armenian Cemetery”, “Descent to the Don”.
- Hliyan, Manase Danilovich (1916-1998) - Honored Teacher of the RSFSR School, the author of the physics textbook for the 9th grade.
- Chapchakhov, Lazar Sergeevich (1911–1942) - the participant of the Great Patriotic War, Hero of the Soviet Union posthumously (07.21.1942).
- Shorluyan, Parteh Makarovich (1915–1991) - veteran of the Great Patriotic War, professor, doctor of medical sciences.
Infrastructure
Church
In the center of the village of Bolshoi Saly is the church of Surb Astvatsatsin (Blessed Virgin Mary) . The temple was built in 1867 by the project of the famous architect Muratov. The history of the temple itself is curious. The church was built at the expense of the Chebonyan family. The great Armenian poet Avetik Isahakian came here to visit his classmate in Echmiadzin, the teacher Nor-Arevian.
School
Bolshesalsky Secondary School №8 was opened in 1961. Since its opening, the school has passed its formative period (1961–1966), the school was headed by Bugayan Gabriel Sarkisovich, the period of stable functioning (1966–1992), the director in these years was Bugayan GS, then from 1973 to 1992 years Nor-Arevyan Karapet Egievich. Having achieved the highest and possible results in the conditions of that time, the school provided fairly high educational results, a good level of education of students at the exit from the school, gained “own face”, a certain image and authority in the area.
In the 2003–2004 school year, an experiment on the introduction of pre-profile (in grade 9) and specialized education (in grades 10-11) entered the history of the school. Initially, in accordance with the needs and needs of students, only a socio-economic profile was introduced. In the 2007–2008 school year, core education deepened with the introduction of a chemical and biological profile in the 10th grade. In the 2009-2010 school year, according to the results of a survey of students and parents, a socio-humanitarian profile was introduced based on the results of the survey.
Winner of the federal competition "100 best schools of Russia . "
Based on the proposal of the Ministry of Education of the Rostov Region, Bolshesalskaya Secondary School No. 8 was included in the Unified National Register of the leading educational institutions of the Russian Federation for 2018. The school administration issued certificate No. 1110 dated April 17, 2018. In November, in the city of St. Petersburg at the VII All-Russian Educational Forum, when summing up the results of the federal competition “100 best schools of Russia”, the Beshesalskaya secondary school was among the winners. In the concert hall “Hrazdan” (Myasnikovskiy district, Chaltyr), in honoring the finalists of the municipal stage of the All-Russian “Teacher of the Year-2019” competition, school No. 8 Shushanik Kasparovna Popovyan was awarded the gold medal and diploma of the laureate of the “100 Best Schools of Russia” competition, and to numerous awards Shushanik Kasparovny was added the honorary badge "Director of the Year-2018". [6]
Attractions
- The village of Bolshoi Saly is consecrated by the memory of A. P. Chekhov . The writer has a story "Beauties". This is a story-recollection of how as a high school student he rode with his grandfather from the Big Fortress to the city of Rostov-on-Don . On the way, they stopped to feed the horses in the Big Sala "at a rich Armenian’s grandfather’s friend”. After this trip, a story about a young Armenian woman, about her extraordinary beauty, appeared.
- The current Armenian Apostolic Church of the Most Holy Theotokos ( Armenian Սուրբ Աստվածածին , Surb Astvatsatsin). Located in the center of the village. The temple was built in 1867 by the famous architect Muratov. The history of the temple itself is curious. The church was built at the expense of the Chebonyan family. The great Armenian poet Avetik Isahakian came here to visit his classmate in Echmiadzin, the teacher Nor-Arevian. The heroine of the beautiful story of A.P. Chekhov “Beauties” - Martha - was crowned in this church, and the locals were baptized and crowned here. In the 1950s, the church was closed. Service in the church was resumed in 1995.
- Monument to the Heroes-Gunners (on Lenin Street). Heroes-gunners are buried in a mass grave in the center of the village of Big Salah. An obelisk was built here in honor of the fearless artillerymen. The authors of the monument are A. Kh. Dzhlaukhyan and R. G. Sheker.
- The memorial complex of the battery of S. Oganov (2 km from the village of Bolshoi Saly on the barber Berber Oba). The history of the battle for the Don is full of examples of courage and selfless struggle against the German fascist invaders. There are many monuments in honor of the defenders of the Fatherland in our region and in our region. One of them is a monument on the Artillery mound in the village. Big Salas. It is installed on the barrow, where the artillerymen of the S.A. Ohanian's battery made their immortal feat. A 76-mm anti-tank gun was mounted on the reinforced concrete pedestal. In front of the monument there are four pylons, which list military units and units that participated in the battles for Rostov. The monument was opened on May 8, 1972. The author of the monument is the architect E. Kalaijan. At the cost of a lifetime, the battery of S. Oganov crushed the Nazi tanks and kept them. Heroes are buried in a mass grave in the center of the village of Big Sala.
- In the local Rural House of Culture hangs a memorial plaque with the names of the villagers who died during the war. The residents of the village of Bolshoi Saly honor the memory of their illustrious countryman, Lazar Sergeevich Chapchakhov , who was born in the village on March 6, 1911. The battalion commissar, fighter pilot, Hero of the Soviet Union , awarded the Order of Lenin and the Red Banner L. S. Chapchakhov made 268 sorties, died heroically in 1942 in a battle with the German invaders. Before the war, he worked as an electrician in the construction of Rostselmash , graduated from Voroshilovgrad military aviation school of pilots, and later on courses of commissars at the Kharkov military aviation aviation school of pilots. Squadron Military Commissar of the 38th Separate Fighter Regiment. He was buried in the village Kresttsy Novgorod region . On the territory of the Rostselmash plant, a bust was set up for him, a memorial plaque was installed in the village of Bolshoy Saly.
Notes
- ↑ Nor-Arevyan K. Ye. “Surb Astvatsatsin Church (1867–2007)”
- ↑ Chekhov A.P. - Beauties (text)
- ↑ A. Malkhasyan. “Pages of the history of the Armenians of Crimea, Crimea and Don”. - Rostov-on-Don, 2009, p. 111 "
- ↑ A. Malkhasyan. “Pages of the history of the Armenians of Crimea, Crimea and Don”. - Rostov-on-Don, 2009, p. 71 "
- ↑ Population of the resident population of the Russian Federation by cities, urban settlements and districts according to the 2010 census
- ↑ Social and political newspaper “Zarya” No. 10 (11996) of 02/09/2019.
Links
- Website of the Administration of the Bolshealsky rural settlement // Bolshesalskoe rural settlement
- Big Sala (village)
- Armenak Nazikyan - biography // Kino-Teatr.Ru
- Pavel Luspekaev - Armenian Don and Russian Patriot // Nakhichevan news
- Vereshchagin from the Don hinterland // Armenia - information portal
- Zohrabyan Usik // Encyclopedia of the Fund "Hiazg"
- Holiday "Surb Astvatsatsin" in the village of Bolshoy Saly, Rostov region // Armenia - information portal (not available link)
- Simon Vratsyan - a documentary film // “Amazgayin” (Armenian)