Malinina, Praskovya Andreevna

She was born on October 28 ( November 10 ), 1904 in the village of Samet (now Kostroma district , Kostroma region ) in a peasant family. Russian. The family was poor, and at six years old the girl was sent to a nanny. She graduated from only three classes of a rural school. In 1914, the father went to the front , and in order to help her mother, she had to go to work.

When a collective farm was organized in the Samet village in 1929 , one of the first to enter the new economy. She was the manager of a teahouse, later transferred to the farm as a milkmaid. Since 1935 she became the foreman, and in 1937 - the head of the dairy farm.

From 1951 until the end of his life, he was chairman of the 12th October collective farm in the Kostroma region.

Member of the CPSU (b) since 1942 . She was a delegate to the XIX , XX , XXII and XXIII congresses of the CPSU , deputy of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR of 2–7 convocations, and a member of the working jury of the All-Union television festival “Song-74” . It was from its submission that a call came to the pop artists: "Come to our collective farm."

In August 1939, the All-Union Agricultural Exhibition opened in Moscow , and the Sametsky farm was its participant. With the selected cows-record-holders, the head of the farm Malinina went to the capital, returning with a diploma of the 1st degree. She was a participant in the exhibition in 1940 and again received a diploma of the 1st degree.

During the war years, collective farmers managed not only to keep livestock, but also significantly increased milk production. And the merit in this was the head of the farm Malinina. On her initiative, cows were fed potatoes. By the end of the week, an experienced cow began to produce 28 liters per day, and the next year, three hundred days were fed from it 5080 liters of milk. Since that time, a large number of potatoes have been introduced into the diet of all highly dairy cows. As a result of all the measures taken, already in 1943, an average of 14.5 liters of milk per cow was fed on the farm on average.

The fame of the Samed flock stepped far beyond the region, about 4 thousand kilograms of milk per year were received here from each cow. Achievements of Kostroma livestock breeders. Even the special commission headed by the Deputy People's Commissar of Agriculture of the USSR I. A. Benediktov arrived at the collective farm “XII October”. ^[one]

Milk per feed cow was (in kg):

• 1946 - 3644 (96 cows),
• 1969 - 4223 (265 cows),
• 1970 - 3937 (265 cows),
• 1971 - 3785 (300 cows),
• 1972 - 3344 (314 cows).

During the management of the economy for almost 30 years, brought him to a leading position not only in the region. Harvest potatoes 250 centners per hectare, vegetables - 500 centners. It was on this collective farm that the first potato harvesters , the first milking machines and the first greenhouses appeared . The milk yield on the farm amounted to 5000 kilograms per cow.

Malinin took a direct part in the creation of a new - Kostroma cattle breed , bred on the farms of the Kostroma region . The creation of a new breed was dealt with by the Order of Lenin of the Karavaevo pedigree farm (there was a leading breeding herd) and the XII October collective farm (the main pedigree herds). According to contemporaries, it was she who insisted on this name of the breed. On November 27, 1944, by order of the People’s Commissariat for Agriculture of the USSR, the newly bred cattle breed was given the name “Kostroma”. Kostroma breed helped raise milk production to an unprecedented hitherto.

For the selfless work on breeding a new breed of cattle, 16 collective farmers of the “12th October” were awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor .

• twice Hero of Socialist Labor (1948, 1974)
• six orders of Lenin ,
• two orders of the Red Banner of Labor ,
• USSR medals
• VSHV and VDNH medals, including big gold and gold,
• The Stalin Prize of the third degree ( 1951 ) - for the development and implementation of a complex of agricultural machines and tools for the mechanization of labor-intensive work in the cultivation of coc-sagyz on peat soils.

In the village of Samet, a bust was installed in honor of Praskovya Andreevna. ^[2] and on the house where she lived there was a plaque. In her native village, a street was named after her.

Since 2004 in the Kostroma region personal scholarships named after P. A. Malinina have been approved: three for students of the Kostroma State Agricultural Academy and two for students of secondary specialized educational institutions.

Praskovya Andreevna is mentioned in the anthem of the Kostroma region ^[3] :

The proud tread of Pozharsky, Minin
Our great countrymen live in!
Shteyman case and name Malinina
Glory will be fanned for centuries!

• Malinina P. A. "Experience of the breeding farm of Kostroma cattle" / Lit. entry by E.P. Likhushina. - M .: “Social. agriculture ”, 1945. - 20 p.
• Malinina P. A. "Ways to create a highly productive herd of Kostroma breed . " - Kostroma: Kostroma region Publishing House, 1949. - 40 p.
• Malinina P. A. "How did we get 5,000 kilograms of milk per year per feed cow . " - M .: “Pravda” , 1950. - 22 p.
• Malinina P. A. "Potato increases the milk yield of cows . " - M.: Publishing House of the Ministry of Agriculture of the USSR, 1954. - 8 p.
• Malinina P. A. "Experience of the pedigree livestock farm of the collective farm" XII October "" / Ed. Stalin Prize laureate A. S. Any . - M.: Publishing House of the Ministry of Agriculture and Harvesting, 1952. - 28 p.
• Malinina P. A. "Experience of the pedigree livestock farm of the collective farm" XII October "" . - M.: Publishing House of the Ministry of Agriculture and Harvesting, 1953. - 24 p.
• Malinina P. A. "Experience of the pedigree livestock farm of the collective farm" XII October "" . - Yoshkar-Ola: Mari Prince. Publishing House, 1953. - 30 p.
• Malinina P. A. "Experience of the pedigree livestock farm of the collective farm" XII October "" . - Chita: Chita Prince. Publishing House, 1953. - 24 p.
• Malinina P. A. "Experience of the pedigree livestock farm of the collective farm" XII October "" . - Minsk: State Publishing House of the BSSR, 1954. - 32 p.
• Malinina P. A. "Collective farm experience of raising livestock productivity . " - M.: “Knowledge” , 1954. - 40 p.
• Malinina P. A. "With love for the cause . " - M.: Goskultprosvetizdat, 1954. - 10 p.
• Malinina P. A. “Collective farm“ 12th October “” . - M .: Goskultprosvetizdat, 1955 .-- 64 p.
• Malinina P. A. “Collective farm“ 12th October “” . - 2nd ed. - M .: Goskultprosvetizdat, 1955 .-- 64 p.
• Malinina P. A., Monova N. M. “Dairy and commodity farm of the collective farm“ 12th October “" . - Kostroma: Prince. Publishing House, 1957. - 10 p.
• Malinina P. A. “250 centners of meat, 1300 centners of milk per 100 hectares of farmland” / Lit. entry by A.P. Sidorov. - Kostroma: Prince. Publishing House, 1959. - 36 p.
• Malinina P. A. “Takeoff (On the collective farm“ October 12th “)” / Lit. entry by V. N. Polyanovsky . - M.: “Knowledge”, 1961. - 32 p.
• Malinina P. A. "Get rich without a grass shelf . " - Kostroma: Prince. Publishing House, 1962. - 20 p.
• Malinina P. A. “Volga winds: Collective farm“ 12th October “” / Lit. entry by N. Pantyukhova. - M .: “Owls. Russia ” , 1968. - 356 p.
• Malinina P. A. “Volga winds: Dokum. the story ” / Lit. entry by N. Pantyukhova. - 2nd ed., Ext. - M .: “Owls. Russia ”, 1978. - 382 p.
• Malinina P. A. “Volga winds: Collective farm“ 12th October “Kostrom. district ” / Lit. entry by N. Pentyukhova. - 3rd ed., Ext. - M .: "Sov. Russia, 1982. - 366 p.: Portr.
• Malinina P. A. “Thoughts on the new Charter of the collective farm” / Lit. entry by V. N. Polyanovsky . - M .: Politizdat, 1970 .-- 96 p.
• Malinina P. A. “Life Line: Collective Farm“ 12th October “Kostrom. Region. ” - M.: Publishing House of DOSAAF, 1978. - 80 pp., ill.
• Malinina P. A. “Taste of life (inaccessible link) : A story before. collective farm “12th October” ” / Lit. entry by N. Pentyukhova. - M.: Mol. Guard, 1984. - 166 p.: ill.
• Malinina P. A. Do not disgrace you and the honor of our labor / in collection. “Coming into Life,” comp. V. Grishin. - M., 1982.

• 1951 - "Living Example" - popular science film studio " Lennauchfilm ", dir. Maria Bagilds and Lazarus Antsi-Polovsky ^[4] .
• 1976 - “Chairman Malinin” - a documentary film of the Leningrad Documentary Film Studio, dir. Nikolay Obukhovich ^[5] .

• Ptitsyn E. F. "Praskovya Andreevna Malinina: Tales of a Soviet Woman . " - Kostroma: Kostroma Prince Publishing House, 1953. - 52 p. - (Laureates of Stalin Prizes).
• Gribov Yu. T. “The Word about Praskovya Malinina” : For ml. schools. age. - M.: “Baby” , 1977. - 32 p.: Ill.
• “Youth Line”: “It's not for nothing that I am from Sameti: On the 100th anniversary of the birth of P. A. Malinina . ” No46, 11/11/2004

Stanislav Ivanovich Shteyman

Malinina, Praskovya Andreevna (Russian) . Site " Heroes of the country ".

• Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.
• “Famous women of the Kostroma region” (inaccessible link)
• Press Service of the Governor of Kostroma Region