Kazakhstan awards

In 1991, during the so-called “Parade of Sovereignty”, the Soviet Union collapsed. Kazakhstan declared its independence the last among the former republics of the USSR - in December 1991. As a result of the complete collapse of the economy, the country's leadership had to solve many problems, including the organization of new state structures. In fact, during this period there was no time for state incentives for citizens.

The Soviet past was dominated by the young republic, the leadership of the country was former party officials who tried to establish the old order, in which they were used to in the new realities. It can be said that the establishment of new Kazakhstani state awards took place within the same framework. On April 1, 1993, the Law on State Awards of the Republic of Kazakhstan was adopted under No. 2069-XII, which established the highest degree of distinction, orders and medals. The authors of the law did not think much about a new award system that would be unique to Kazakhstan, nor did they accept international experience - the Soviet award system was taken as a basis, with a few exceptions and changes. So the highest degree of difference was the title of People's Hero (Khalyk қaҚarmany) instead of the Hero of the Soviet Union .

The orders of the Fatherland ( Otan ), Glory ( Daңқ ), Nobility ( Parasat ), Honor ( Құрмет ), medals “For Courage” ( Erligi үшін ), “For Labor Distinction” ( Yeren ңebegi үшін ) and “Mercy” ( Shapagat ) were also approved. )

At the same time, the Order of Glory was intended exclusively for representatives of power structures.

All orders were established to one degree. Signs of awards were attached to small figured blocks with a national ornament, covered with moire ribbon. The appearance of the awards in style resembled Soviet awards. So, for example, the Order of the Fatherland was similar in appearance to the highest order of the People's Republic of Bulgaria George Dimitrov , the Order of Glory was a chest star following the example of Soviet military awards. Together with the Golden Star, the highest order of the state, the Order of the Fatherland, is awarded to the title of People’s Hero. Also on all orders and medals is its name, which was characteristic of Soviet awards.

On December 12, 1995, a new Law on State Awards of the Republic of Kazakhstan was adopted No. 2676, repealing the previous regulatory act and introducing new awards in addition to existing ones. The highest distinction was determined by the Order of the Golden Eagle ( Altyn Kyran ). For the highest order, the eagle was not chosen by chance, since it is the main heraldic figure on the state flag of Kazakhstan . Moreover, the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan , by virtue of his post, became a holder of the Order of the Golden Eagle of a special degree.

Also established the Order of Valor ( Aybyn ) in two degrees and Friendship ( Dostyқ ), the medal "For Military Valor" ( Zhauyngerlik erligi үshіn ).

In 1997, it was decided to transfer the capital from the city of Almaty to the city of Akmola , while Akmola from the dissonant name, translated "White Grave", was renamed to Astana, which translates simply - "Capital". In 1998, the official presentation of the new capital of the state was appointed, and in connection with this, on June 2, 1998, Presidential Decree No. 3963 establishing the Astana commemorative medal, the first commemorative medal of sovereign Kazakhstan , was issued. It is worth noting that the medal was attached to the Soviet-style block: a metal pentagonal, covered with moire ribbon. This medal was awarded to representatives of all diplomatic missions accredited in Kazakhstan. Citizens of Kazakhstan awarded the medal very sparingly, in view of the small circulation.

Since about 1999, significant changes have been made to the appearance of the awards. First of all, this was reflected in blocks that extended in height, became hexagonal in shape, covered with moire tape vertically along the entire height. The ring of fastening the sign of the order and the medal has become an ornamented link.

Following the example of European states, the sign of the Order of the Golden Eagle began to be attached to the order chain and acquired a chest star.

The golden star to the title of People’s Hero has also undergone changes: colorless cubic zirconias of diamond cut were placed between the rays of the star, a little block changed, which was also decorated with colorless cubic zirconia .

The Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated July 26, 1999 No. 462-1 amended the law on state awards, in particular, the Orders of Glory and Friendship were divided into two degrees, the Order of Valor was added another higher degree, and the new Order of Bars ( Barys ) was also established in three degrees.

The Order of Glory and Friendship has acquired a new look, signs of the first degree of steel are worn on the shoulder strap and an order star has appeared.

It was also determined that the Order of Glory is awarded exclusively to the highest command structure of law enforcement agencies.

On July 20, 2000, the country's Parliament adopted the Constitutional Law No. 83-II “On the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan”, which determined the political legal status of Nursultan Nazarbayev as one of the founders of the new independent state of Kazakhstan, and which also established the establishment of a new order in honor of the First President. In pursuance of this paragraph, the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated May 3, 2001 No. 180-II established the Order “The First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev” ( Kazakhstan, Republic of Sins, Tұңғysh President ).

In 2001, Kazakhstan celebrated the 10th anniversary of its independence. In honor of this event, as well as in order to encourage citizens of the republic and foreign citizens who have made a significant contribution to the development and establishment of statehood and strengthening the sovereignty of the Republic of Kazakhstan, it was decided to establish the country's first anniversary medal - by presidential decree of August 27, 2001 No. 675, the anniversary medal “10 years of independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan” was established ( Kazakhstan, Republic of Kazakhstan, 10 years old ).

On May 7, 2002, the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 865 in order to increase the prestige of service in the Armed Forces , other troops and military units of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as to mark the tenth anniversary of the formation of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan, established the jubilee medal "10 years of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan" , medals "Veteran of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan" and "For Impeccable Service" in three degrees. These medals had the status of state awards presented by the Minister of Defense on behalf of the President.

Similar medals for the internal affairs bodies were established by decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated July 31, 2003 No. 1157: medals “For the difference in maintaining law and order” ( Құқық tәrtіbіn қamtamasyz etude үzdіk shyққany үshіn ), “Veteran of the internal affairs bodies of the Republic of Kazakhstan” ( Kazakhstan Republicans іshkі іster organdarynң ardageri ), "For perfect service in the internal affairs bodies" ( Ішкі іster organdaryndaғy mіnsіz қyzmetі үшін ) in three degrees. These medals were already presented by the Minister of the Interior on behalf of the President of the country.

On December 1, 2008, the title “ Hero of Labor of Kazakhstan ” and the corresponding golden star were established.

In April 2014, deputies of the Majilis from the Ak Zhol faction proposed to revive the title of Veteran of Labor ( Enbek ardageri ) - for citizens who have worked diligently for 40 years or more in the public, private or public sectors of the economy and social sphere, with the award of the corresponding badge - medals. Already in May 2014, a response was received from the government that it was planned to establish the Order of Labor ( Enbek ) and the Veteran of Labor medal ( Enbek ardager ).

The honorary title “Veteran of Labor” ( Enbek ardageri ) with the presentation of the corresponding medal was introduced by the Decree of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated July 31, 2014 No. 855.

In December 2014, during the nationwide teleconference “New Industrialization of Kazakhstan: Results of 2014 and the First Five Year Plan”, President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev voiced the idea of ​​establishing the Order of Labor Glory of three degrees.

On March 17, 2015, the head of state signed the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On Amendments and Additions to Some Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the Optimization and Automation of Public Services in the Social and Labor Sphere”, which provides for the establishment of a new state award - the Order of Labor Glory ( Еңбек Дңқы ). The new award in terms of its design elements was similar to the Soviet Miner Glory award .

Duplicates of lost orders, as a rule, are not issued. In exceptional cases (loss of awards due to natural disasters), duplicate awards may be issued by the State Awards Commission under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan .

Paid acquisition of orders of Kazakhstan entails criminal liability .

• V. Grigoriev. State awards of the Republic of Kazakhstan // Petersburg collector : newspaper. - SPb. , 2005. - Issue. 34 . - No. 4 . - S. 23-25 .
• The Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated December 12, 1995 No. 2676 “On state awards of the Republic of Kazakhstan”
• The Constitutional Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated July 20, 2000 No. 83-II “On the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan”
• Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated May 7, 2002 No. 865 “On Medals of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan”
• Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated July 31, 2003 No. 1157 “On Medals of the Internal Affairs Bodies of the Republic of Kazakhstan”
• Decree of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated December 15, 2011 No. 1539 “On departmental awards of certain state bodies included in the structure of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan”