Lindenau, Jacob

The data on the place and date of birth of Jacob Lindenau are contradictory. According to some sources, he was born in 1699 in Moscow , according to another version - in 1709, the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary names the date of birth 1706. There is no clarity with the nationality of Jacob Lindenau. According to some sources, he was born into a Swedish family, other researchers believe that Lindenau's father was a German (possibly a Saxon) who lived in Livonia and had Swedish citizenship. It is known that the father of Jacob Lindenau moved to Moscow, and later moved to Pernov .

In 1730, Lindenau went to Western Europe for the purpose of training, in particular to Hamburg and Lübeck . Upon his return in 1732 he moved to St. Petersburg , where he opened a school to teach children sciences. In 1737, Jacob Lindenau was admitted to the Senate chancellery as a translator. In 1739, he became a member of the Second Kamchatka expedition under the leadership of G.F. Miller and I.E. Fisher. During the expedition, in which he was formally considered a "veterinary ensign", he performed the duties of a translator from German and Latin, and also compiled a number of geographical and ethnographic descriptions of the localities and peoples of Siberia. In August 1746, Lindenau returned to St. Petersburg, where he presented the results of his research to the Academy of Sciences .

For useful things, I admit to having a description of the rivers and places of the next translator Lindenau from Irkutsk to Okhotsk from 741 to 745, who now announced to me here that he was lodged in German with the Academy of Sciences in those circumstances in 746

- Fedor Ivanovich Soymonov

In 1747, Jacob Johann Lindenau was granted the rank of ensign and sent at his request to Moscow in the Siberian order . Soon he was appointed governor of the Balagan district and the Balagan fortress , which was located in the Irkutsk province .

In 1749, J. Lindenau sent to the name of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna a request for the allotment of land for him to use for life with his wife and children in Ust-Os. The petition was granted by Empress Catherine II in 1764. From 1753 to 1765, Jacob Lindenau held high administrative posts in the office of the Governor General of the Irkutsk province of the Siberian province , and later - the Irkutsk province . He was in charge of the affairs of audit and bookkeeping, and from 1762 - salt matters. He was also involved in the supply of nitrate to the Taltsinsky glass factory .

He died in a fire in his own house at the age of 90 or 95 years; his valuable archive burned out with him.

The manuscripts of Jacob Lindenau are a geographical description of the regions of Eastern Siberia, as well as an ethnographic study of the indigenous peoples of Eastern Siberia (the most detailed description of the Yakuts). The ethnographic component is the most valuable and interesting for studying the history and culture of the Yakuts, Tungus and other peoples described by Lindenau and has not lost its historical and ethnographic relevance to this day.

The works of Jacob Lindenau, despite the rather high appreciation obtained by presenting them after the expedition to the scientific community of St. Petersburg, soon fell into the academic archives and until the second half of the 20th century were practically unknown to the scientific community. The translation and publication of his monograph was carried out only in 1983 under the title "Description of the peoples of Siberia (first half of the 18th century). Historical and ethnographic materials about the peoples of Siberia and the North-East" (Magadan, 1983).

Lindenau's manuscripts (in German) are stored in the Central State Archive of Ancient Acts (Moscow) and the archive of the Yakut branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences .

Jacob Johann Lindenau, according to known data, had seven children: daughter Helen and sons John, Stachy, Spiridon, Anfilofiy, Andrei and Vasily.

Jacob Lindenau is the ancestor of the Russian surname Lendeneva (his surname was Russified); some of the descendants of Jacob Johann retained the surname Lindenau.

• Ivanov E. F. “Description of the Yakuts” by J. I. Lindenau // Soviet Ethnography . 1971. No. 3.
• Isaev A. Yu. Taltsinsky glass factory: 225 years since its foundation // Angara region: years, events, people: Calendar of significant and memorable dates of the Irkutsk region for 2009 42 / [Comp. L. A. Kazantseva; Ed. S. A. Rudykh; Repl. for issue. O. K. Stasyulevich, S. F. Shelemetyeva]. - Irkutsk : Ed. YOGUNB them. I.I. Molchanov-Sibirsky , 2008 .-- S. 182-187. - 191 p.: Ill.
• Lindenau, Jacob // Kuna - Lomami. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1973. - (The Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. Ed. A. M. Prokhorov ; 1969-1978, vol. 14).
• Lindenau, Jacob // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
• Tokarev S.A. History of Russian ethnography. M., 1966;

• Lendenev V.S. Our ancestor Jacob Johann Lindenau (Russian) (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment February 2, 2010. Archived on May 19, 2012.
• Irina Lagunova. Regional newspaper // Member of the Bering expedition (Russian) (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment February 2, 2010. Archived December 17, 2012.
• The descendants of the scientist Lindenau intend to restore his memory (Russian) (inaccessible link) (October 16, 2006). Date of treatment February 2, 2010. Archived on May 19, 2012.
• Oksana Gordeeva. Regional newspaper // Irkutsk Saxons (Russian) (inaccessible link) (January 11, 2008). Date of treatment February 2, 2010. Archived January 16, 2008.
• Burykin A.A. Tunguska shamanistic spells of the 18th century in the notes of Y. I. Lindenau (Russian) (2000). Date of treatment February 2, 2010. Archived March 31, 2012.