The Mont Blanc Tunnel ( French Tunnel du Mont-Blanc , Italian: Traforo del Monte Bianco ) is a car tunnel laid under the Mont Blanc between Chamonix-Mont-Blanc ( France ) and Courmayeur ( Italy ).
| Tunnel Mont Blanc | |
|---|---|
| fr. Tunnel du Mont-Blanc , Italy. Traforo del monte bianco | |
 Tunnel Entrance to Chamonix (France) | |
| Application area | car |
| Runs under | Mont Blanc |
| A place |  France -  Italy |
| Type of | Single Gallery, Deep Laying |
| total length | 11,611 m |
| Tunnel diameter | 8.6 m |
| opening date | 1965, 2002 (after restoration) |
| closing date | 1999 (after the fire) |
The length of the tunnel is 11,611 m , the width is 8.6 m, and the height is 4.35 m. Most of it is in France - 7644 m, in Italy - 3967 m. The tunnel consists of one gallery, traffic is carried out along one lane with a width of 3.5 m in each direction. It has a profile in the form of an asymmetric letter Λ to facilitate drainage of water. The height of the portal on the French side is 1274 m above sea level at the foot of the Bossons Glacier, on the Italian side - 1381 m at the foot of the Brenva Glacier, the maximum tunnel height is 1395 m. The maximum thickness of the rock above the tunnel is 2480 m.
Construction began in 1957 , and ended only in 1965 . About 37 million kWh of energy, more than 700 tons of explosives and 2.7 million liters of fuel were consumed during the work. 4.6 million man-hours were spent on the construction and 771240 bolts were spent.
The tunnel from the moment of commissioning has become one of the most important routes in the Alps . About 50 km are saved on the road from France to Turin , and about 100 km to Milan . More than 5,000 vehicles pass the tunnel daily. Pedestrians can cross the tunnel by bus. The tunnel is paid.
Content
1999 Fire
On March 24, 1999, a fire broke out in the tunnel, raging for 53 hours , until everything that could burn was burned in the tunnel. The victims of fire were 39 people , 10 were saved. Gerard Roncoli, head of the tunnel security service, received a prison sentence for violation of operation - 6 months in prison, plus 24 probation, the mayor of Chamonix, Michel Charlier, received a suspended sentence and a fine . [1] After the fire, the tunnel was closed for almost 3 years. € 400 million was spent on repairs; during the repair, 120 CCTV cameras, 3,680 thermal sensors, 37 emergency exits and a first-aid station in the center of the tunnel were installed.
The reopening of the movement took place on March 5, 2002 .
Tunnel Safety Rules
- If the car is running on liquefied gas , you must inform the tunnel staff
- Allowed speed - not less than 50 and not more than 70 km / h
- Minimum driving distance between cars - at least two blue beacons ( 150 m )
- The minimum distance when stopping between cars is at least 100 m
- In the tunnel, you need to tune in to a 103.3 MHz or 107.7 MHz radio (tunnel service radio)
- It is not allowed to enter the tunnel on faulty vehicles (evacuation at the expense of the driver and very expensive)
- It is forbidden to stop in the tunnel for no apparent reason.
Toll
From January 1, 2014 , the fare through the tunnel is as follows:
When entering from the French side (including VAT 20%):
| Vehicle type | One way | Roundtrip | For 10 trips | For 20 trips | For 1 month |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Motorcycles | 28.00 € | 35.20 € | 88.00 € | 123.30 € | 211.50 € |
| Vehicle with a height of less than 2 m | 42.40 € | 52.90 € | 132.20 € | 185.10 € | 211.50 € |
| TS with a height of 2 to 3 m | 56.10 € | 70.50 € | 176.20 € | 246.70 € | - |
| 2 axle buses and more than 3 m high | 153.90 € | 239.50 € | - | - | - |
| 2 axle trucks and more than 3 m high | 153.90 € | 239.50 € | - | - | - |
| Buses with 3 or more axles and more than 3 m high | 309.20 € | 485.80 € | - | - | - |
| Trucks with 3 or more axles and more than 3 m high | 309.20 € | 485.80 € | - | - | - |
| Road trains | 324.20 € | - | - | - | - |
| Oversized road trains | 852.20 € | - | - | - | - |
When entering from the Italian side (including VAT 22%):
| Vehicle type | One way | Roundtrip | For 10 trips | For 20 trips | For 1 month |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Motorcycles | 28.50 € | 35.80 € | 89.50 € | 125.30 € | 215.10 € |
| Vehicle with a height of less than 2 m | 43.10 € | 53.80 € | 134.40 € | 188.20 € | 215.10 € |
| TS with a height of 2 to 3 m | 57.00 € | 71.70 € | 179.20 € | 250.90 € | - |
| 2 axle buses and more than 3 m high | 156.50 € | 243.50 € | - | - | - |
| 2 axle trucks and more than 3 m high | 156.50 € | 243.50 € | - | - | - |
| Buses with 3 or more axles and more than 3 m high | 314.40 € | 493.80 € | - | - | - |
| Trucks with 3 or more axles and more than 3 m high | 314.40 € | 493.80 € | - | - | - |
| Road trains | 329.40 € | - | - | - | - |
| Oversized road trains | 866.40 € | - | - | - | - |
Links
- Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mont Blanc Tunnel
- Official site