Pierre-Henri Hugoniot [2] ( fr. Pierre-Henri Hugoniot ; June 5, 1851 , Allangua , Du , - February 1887 , Nantes ) - French mathematician and mechanic .
| Pierre-Henri Yugonio | |
|---|---|
| Pierre-henri hugoniot | |
| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | Allangua |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
| A country | |
| Scientific field | Mechanics |
| Alma mater | |
Content
Biography
The second son in the family of metalworker Pierre Hugoniot and housewife Suzanne Catherine Nardin [3] . Already in 1870 he was the first student at École normale supérieure , but he preferred to get an education at the Polytechnic School , which he graduated in 1872 . After graduating from a higher educational institution, Yugonio works in naval artillery, holds the position of professor of mechanics and ballistics at the Lorient artillery school (1879-1882) and at the same time holds the post of deputy director of the Central Laboratory of Naval Artillery (1882-1884). In January 1884, he was awarded the title of captain, and in April of the same year he was appointed to the post of assistant professor in the Department of Mechanics at the Polytechnic School in Paris .
Scientific activity
The most important scientific works of Yugonio belong to the field of gas dynamics , one of the founders of which - along with K. Doppler , G. Riemann , E. Mach and W.J. Rankin - he is considered. In particular, the merit of Hugoniot is to obtain the correct conditions on the discontinuity surface (that is, the relations connecting the jumps of physical quantities when passing through this surface), which are very important for gas dynamics relations characterizing shock waves [4] .
Together with his colleague Hippolytus Seber, Yugonio investigated the processes of gas expansion when firing from artillery guns. According to the results of research in 1885, the shock wave equation was obtained, which today is known as the Hugoniot-Rankin equation , or shock adiabat . Published in the journal École polytechnique after the death of Hugonio.
In France, the ideas of Eugonio were further developed in the works of J. Kroussard (1907) and E. Jouguet (1910), as well as in the work of E. Jouguet "Mécanique des Explosifs" (1917).
In catastrophe theory, an assembly disaster is often called a Riemann -Hugoniot disaster.
Published Works
- Mémoire sur la propagation du mouvement dans un fluide indéfini (1887), CR Acad. Sciences
- Hugoniot (1887), J. École Polytechnique, ed., Sur la propagation du mouvement dans les corps et spécialement dans les gaz parfaits. , vol. CLVII, p. 3–98
- Hugoniot (1889), J. École Polytechnique, ed., Sur la propagation du mouvement dans les corps et spécialement dans les gaz parfaits. , vol. CLVIII, p. 1–126
Notes
- ↑ BNF ID : 2011 Open Data Platform .
- ↑ Traditional, but not corresponding to the French original (Yugonyo) form of transfer of a surname in modern gas-dynamic literature. In the literature of the first half of the 20th century (for example, in the "Physical Dictionary" of 1936), a variant of Hugoniot was found.
- ↑ Classic Papers in Shock Compression Science: Edited by James N. Johnson, Roger Cheret
- ↑ Tyulina, 1979 , p. 235.
Literature
- Tyulina I.A. History and methodology of mechanics. - M .: Publishing house Mosk. University, 1979. - 282 p.