Metrobank

The Bank was established in 1993 with the name "Joint-Stock Commercial Bank" Color Bank "." Its founders were JSC Koloros, JSC TsMU Variant, and JSC IITs Kontrast. In April 2004, a team of managers was replaced at the bank ^[4] . In the III quarter of 2004, the bank changed its name to Closed Joint Stock Company Metrobank ^[6] . In the same year, Metrobank received the status of associate member of VISA International ^{[7] [8]} .

In February 2005, the authorized capital of the bank was increased to 150 million rubles ^[9] . On March 11 of the same year, the bank received a license of a professional participant in the securities market for depositary activities for a period of 3 years ^[10] , and on March 14 it was accepted into the deposit insurance system ^[11] .

In July 2005, about 50% of the bank’s shares were acquired by the Kazakh Kazakh Texacabank ^{[12] [13] [14]} , which specialized in servicing individuals in Kazakhstan , and Metrobank actively entered the Russian consumer lending market ^{[15] [16 ] ] [17] [18]} . At that time, the owners of Texacabank were American businessman Gregory Stewder (90.3%) and Ukrainian banker Igor Gekko (9.7%). However, at the end of 2005, the owners sold Texacabank to the Russian Sberbank ^[13] . Metrobank did not enter the deal ^{[4] [19]} .

On August 15, 2005 ^{[20] the} bank launched the first consumer lending program in Runet for the purchase of goods by individuals in online stores ^[21] . December 1, 2005 became the winner of the Golden Banking Lion Award in the nomination "For achievements in the field of development of modern banking technologies in 2005 " ^{[22] [23] [24]} .

In April 2006, Metrobank became part of ABISS , a community of organizations whose activities are aimed at developing and promoting the Bank of Russia STO BR IBBS Standard “Ensuring the Information Security of Organizations of the Banking System of the Russian Federation” ^{[5] [25]} , becoming the first commercial Bank of Russia, in which the implementation of this standard was held ^{[26] [27]} . The standard was developed on the basis of international standards ISO 17799 / BS7799 and became the first standard in the field of information security of Russian banking organizations. Bank specialists were part of the coordination committee for the development of STO BR IBBS ^[28] . The Bank’s experience was used by the Bank of Russia and many Russian banks both in the implementation of this standard ^[29] and in the training of information security personnel ^{[30] [31]} .

In May 2006, it became one of the first banks (the second Vnesheconombank ), for which the FIU opened in the credit bureau access to information on pension contributions of citizens ^[32] .

In the same year, a football team assembled from Metrobank employees took part in the RBC Futsal Cup ^[33] .

In January 2007, the bank’s authorized capital was increased to 1.5 billion rubles. Since May of the same year, the bank began to issue car loans ^[34] . In August, the head office of the bank moved from Prechistenka Street to Mozhaysky Val ^[35] .

During the financial crisis in the banking sector, an increase in the volume of overdue debts was observed, which required the allocation of significant funds to reserves. At the end of 2008, within the framework of the two-week ^{[C 1]} promotion “New Year without Debt,” Metrobank was the first among Russian banks to abolish penalties for all retail loans, subject to full payment of overdue debts ^{[36] [37]} . Also in 2008, multicurrency deposits appeared in the bank ^[38] with a single interest rate for all currencies and compliance with the proportion of currencies set by the bank until the deposit expiration date ^[39] .

In the same year, one of the most unusual and mysterious monuments of Moscow - “Risen Communications” performed by Kirill Alexandrov ^{[40] [41]} , which, according to the bank’s staff, became a symbol of the organization, was installed at the entrance to the head office of Metrobank on Mozhaysky Val ^[42] .

On March 24, 2009, the Federal Service for Financial Markets issued licenses to the bank to carry out dealer, depository, and securities management activities ^[43] . On April 23, 2009, the Expert RA rating agency assigned Metrobank a credit rating of B ++ at an acceptable credit rating ^[44] . On June 3, 2010, the rating was withdrawn due to its expiration and the bank’s refusal to update ^[45] .

On November 11, 2009, the bank received a targeted loan in the amount of 57 million rubles from the Russian Development Bank, as part of the financial support program for small and medium-sized enterprises ^[46] .

In the rating compiled by the Banki.ru portal as of April 1, 2012, Metrobank ranked 245th in the Russian banking system in terms of net assets ^[47] .

In September 2012, the bank acted as a co-underwriter of the issue of bonds of OJSC Probusinessbank OJSC ^[48] .

On September 29, 2014, the meeting of the bank's shareholders decided to change the name of the Closed Joint-Stock Company METROBANK to the Joint-Stock Company METROBANK ^{[C 2] [49]} . On January 27, 2015, the new name was added to the Unified State Register of Legal Entities ^[50] .

On June 1, 2015, a banking license was revoked ^[51] .

The bank positioned itself in the market as a universal regional bank, providing a wide range of services to individuals and legal entities. If in the first years of the company’s activity the emphasis was on the development of the retail business, in recent years the main attention has been paid to lending to corporate clients, including non-resident companies, and to carrying out operations with foreign currency ^[47] . The Bank had licenses to manage securities , brokerage , depository and dealer activities ^[52] . Actively worked in the interbank lending market and the securities market ^[53] .

He was a member of the Association of Russian Banks , an associate member of VISA International , an affiliate member of MasterCard Worldwide ^[54] , a participant in the Rapida payment system, was part of the MICEX Stock Section ^[55] , the bank conducted transactions with American Express traveler’s checks , and was a partner of the Western Union money transfer system ^[54] . Metrobank participated in the interbank lending market, acting as a net borrower ^[56] .

Since February 2013 ^{[57] it} was connected to the GIS GMF services ^{[58] [59]} .

In the rating of financial stability of banks “RBC.Rating”, the bank belonged to the second group of financial stability among medium-sized Russian banks ^[60] .

Performance Indicators

The key source of the bank’s funds was private deposits ^[61] . The structure of the bank’s profit was dominated by interest and commission income ^[62] . According to data at the beginning of 2014, the bank’s assets amounted to 12,837 million rubles, equity - 1,779 million rubles ^[2] .

At the end of 2013, the company's retained earnings grew by 11.90 million rubles and amounted to 68.9 million rubles ^{[2] [62]} . According to the results of the IV quarter of 2013, the return on equity of the bank amounted to 3.97%, the return on assets of the bank for the same period was 0.55%, which is slightly lower than the average of the 30 largest Russian banks. Over the same period, the bank's capitalization level increased to 13.85% due to an increase in equity, while reducing the volume of the bank's assets. The volume of overdue loans at the beginning of 2014 amounted to 81.66 million rubles, which is 0.93% of the total loan portfolio. At the same time, reserves for possible losses decreased by 1.13 million rubles, amounting to 380.72 million rubles or 4.32% of the loan portfolio. Bank reserves for possible losses on loans cover current overdue loans with a ratio of 4.66. In general, the bank's loan portfolio is characterized by a smaller share of overdue loans in relation to the same average of the 30 largest banks in Russia ^[62] .

According to the disclosed data, the shareholders of Metrobank at the time of its completion were Valery Gekko (81.05% of the shares) and the American company Finance and Investment of Texas, Inc. (18.95%). The beneficiaries of the latter at that time were US citizens Victor Baryshev and Gregory Studer ^[4] .

Bank Board of Directors

The bank’s board of directors at the time of its closure included:

• Gregory N. Studer - Chairman of the Board of Directors ^{[55] [72]} .
• Gekko Valery Vitalyevich - Deputy Chairman of the Board of Directors ^[73] .
• Calvin B. Reeves is a member of the board of directors ^{[55] [73]} .
• Marov Dmitry Vladislavovich - member of the Board of Directors ^{[55] [73]} .
• Baryshev Viktor Nikolaevich - member of the board of directors ^{[55] [73]} .

Bank Board

At the time of its closure, the bank's board included:

• Gudym Maxim Vladimirovich - Chairman of the Board ^[73] .
• Lysenker Vladlen Leonidovich - Deputy Chairman of the Board ^{[55] [73]} .
• Antufiev Alexander Valentinovich - Deputy Chairman of the Board ^[73] .
• Fomicheva Rimma Fedorovna - chief accountant ^[73] .

Comments

References to sources

• Bank official website
• Internet bank
• Natalia Semenikhina, Sergey Gaponov. The “People’s Economy” found out under what conditions it is possible to lay a car (neopr.) . www.1tv.ru (November 7, 2012). Date of treatment July 31, 2013. Archived on August 20, 2013.
• Andrey Bulgakov, METROBANK: The payback period directly depends on the state of information security (unspecified) . SK Press (December 26, 2007). Archived on June 10, 2013.
• Igor Koval. A look at the generation ahead. The right IT strategy gives the bank a competitive edge (neopr.) . The National Banking Journal (June 7, 2006). Date of treatment January 10, 2014.
• Metrobank DO “Red Lighthouse” (Neopr.) . Banks in Russia.ru (June 9, 2013). Date of treatment November 21, 2013. (unavailable link)