Praziquantel is an anthelmintic drug. Praziquantel is used for trematodoses and cestodoses - diseases caused by diagenetic flukes and adult tapeworms , respectively; also shown the effectiveness of the drug in cysticercosis - infection by tapeworm larvae [1] . Included in the list of vital and essential drugs .
| Praziquantel | |
|---|---|
| Praziquantel | |
 | |
| Chemical compound | |
| IUPAC | ( RS ) -2- (cyclohexylcarbonyl) -1,2,3,6,7,11b-hexahydro-4H-pyrazino- [2,1-a] -isoquinolin-4-one |
| Gross formula | C 19 H 24 N 2 O 2 |
| Molar mass | 312.411g / mol |
| Cas | |
| PubChem | |
| Drugbank | |
| Classification | |
| ATX | |
| Pharmacokinetics | |
| Bioavailable | relatively small |
| Metabolism | in the liver |
| The half-life. | 0.8 to 1.5 hours (Main Metabolites 4 to 5 hours) |
| Excretion | with urine |
| Dosage Forms | |
| coated tablets | |
| Other names | |
| Asinox, Biltricide | |
Content
Pharmacological action
Praziquantel rapidly increases the permeability of helminth cell membranes for Ca 2+ , which in turn leads to a generalized contraction of muscles, which becomes permanent paralysis and leads to death [1] . In addition, the drug causes vacuolization and subsequent damage to the worm epithelium , which makes the parasite vulnerable to the host’s immune system and its digestive enzymes [1] .
Side
From the digestive system: > 10% - abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting; > 1% and <10% - lack of appetite; <0.01% - diarrhea with an admixture of blood.
From the side of the central nervous system: > 10% - headache, dizziness; > 1% and <10% - dizziness, drowsiness; <0.01% - cramps.
On the part of the body as a whole: > 1% and <10% - asthenia, fever.
From the musculoskeletal system: > 1% and <10% - myalgia.
From the cardiovascular system: > 10% - arrhythmia.
Allergic reactions: > 1% and <10% - urticaria; <0.01% - generalized allergic reactions, including polyserositis.
Adverse reactions can be caused by praziquantel itself (I, direct relationship), and arise as a result of an endogenous reaction to the death of parasites (II, indirect relationship), as well as be symptoms of infection (III, there is no relationship). It is very difficult to make a differential diagnosis between options I, II and III and establish the exact cause of the development of adverse reactions.
Indications for use
Schistosomiasis is caused by blood flukes that affect the intestines and genitourinary system.
Trematodosis [2]
Cestodose
neurocysticercosis and cysticercosis
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Harder, A. (2009). Anthelmintics Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry . DOI : 10.1002 / 14356007.a02_329.pub2
- ↑ Trematodoses (Russian) // Wikipedia. - 2016-04-26.
Literature
- Andrews, P., H. Thomas, R. Pohlke, J. Seubert (1983). Praziquantel. Medicinal Research Reviews 3 : 147-200. DOI : 10.1002 / med.2610030204