Lelya (Lyalya) - a mythological character among the Eastern Slavs , which arose, probably due to the spread of Christianity , as part of the song verse [1] .
Content
- 1 Mythological archetype of the image
- 2 The idealistic theory of B. A. Rybakov
- 3 notes
- 4 Literature
Mythological image archetype
The chorus, in various forms - “cherish”, “cherish”, “cherish”, “cherish” - is found in Russian songs; in the Serbian “Kralitsky” songs of the ( Trinity ) great, related to marriage, he is found in the form of Lelio, Leleu, in the Bulgarian noble and Lazar - in the form of Lele. Thus, the refrain goes back to antiquity.
A. Potebnya explains the old Polish refrain “lelum” (if it really existed in this form with “m”) by adding lelu to “m” from the dative case “mi”, as in the Ukrainian (Rusin) “sch” (instead of “Scho mi”). In the refrain “polemum” (if it is correctly conveyed by Polish historiographers) “po” can be an excuse; Wed Belarusian refrains: lyuli and about lyulyushki " [2] . Considerations on the etymological significance of the refrain of lelu and the like are expressed by Vs. Miller [3] . and A. A. Potebnei [4] .
I.N.Danilevsky writes:
Numerous attempts to see the similarity of the antique model in the Slavic mythological system have been made since the time of Jan Dlugosh with his famous “Historia Polonica” (XV century) up to Lomonosov and Tatishchev. Sometimes the results of such “speculation” of the facts of Slavic mythology became artificially created mythological characters that did not exist in real traditions (the examples of the so-called “cabinet mythology” are Lel, Lada, Kolyada, Kurent, etc.) [5]
The idealistic theory of B. A. Rybakov
B. A. Rybakov advanced the theory that the second goddess depicted on the Zbruch idol and holding the ring in his right hand is Lada . In folklore, Lada is often mentioned next to Lelei. This couple - “mother-daughter”, the scientist compares with Latona and Artemis and with Slavic women in labor. Two horsewomen on Russian embroideries, behind which is sometimes depicted a plow, located on either side of Makoshi, Rybakov correlates with Lada and Lelya (Lyalya). In the spring spell song there are such words dedicated to Lele-Vesna:
Eat Spring, Eat.
On a golden horse
In the green sayan
On Sohe Sedyuchi
Cheese ground aruchi
With your right hand, shake.
The cycle of spring ceremonies began on the day of arrival of the larks - March 9 (March 22 according to the new style). People met birds, going to the top of the hills, made bonfires, guys with girls led round dances. There was [6] and a special girlish holiday - lyalnik - April 22 (May 5). The most beautiful girl, crowned with a wreath, sat on a turf bench and played the role of Lelia. On both sides of it were placed offerings (bread, milk, cheese, butter, sour cream). Girls led a round dance solemnly seated Lely.
However, the theory of B. A. Rybakov is not supported by either ethnographic or folklore data, and is considered the weakest.
Notes
- ↑ Tokarev S. A. Religion in the history of the peoples of the world. - M .: Republic 2005. - S. 200
- ↑ P. Shane, “Materials for the Study of the Life and Language of the Russian Population of the Northwest Territory”, vol. I, part I, p. 203
- ↑ "Essays on Aryan Mythology", vol. I. - M., 1876. - S. 322 et seq.
- ↑ Potebnya A. A. "Explanations of Little Russian and related folk songs." T. I. - Warsaw, 1883. - S. 20-22
- ↑ Danilevsky I. N. Pagan traditions and Christianity in Ancient Russia // Ancient Russia through the eyes of contemporaries and descendants (IX-XII centuries); Lecture course: Textbook for university students. - M .: Aspekt Press, 1998 .-- 399 p. ISBN 5-7567-0219-9 .
- ↑ Lealnik . Old Russian dictionary .
Literature
- Tokarev S.A. Religion in the history of the peoples of the world. - M.: Republic of 2005.
- Shane "Materials for the study of life and language of the Russian population of the North-Western Territory"
- Galkovsky N. M. The Struggle of Christianity with the Remains of Paganism in Ancient Russia . - M .: Indrik, 2000 .-- 703 p. - ISBN 5-85759-108-2 .
- Anichkov E.V. Paganism and Ancient Russia. - SPb .: 1914