The Mongol conquest of China - the conquest of the Chinese states by the Mongols in the 13th century .
| Mongol conquest of China | |
|---|---|
| Main Conflict: Mongol Conquests | |
| date | 1209 - 1368 |
| A place | China |
| Total | Almost one hundred years of the existence of the Mongol Empire of Yuan in China and its fall as a result of the uprising . |
Conquest
North China
The beginning of the first stage of the conquest can be dated to 1209. In 1211, the Mongol forces led by Genghis Khan opposed the Jurchen state of Jin (now Northern China), which could not resist the Mongols. By 1215, the state was almost completely conquered, Yanjing was taken.
Second Stage
In 1226, Genghis Khan begins a campaign against the Tangut state of Xi Xia , in 1227 it was completely destroyed. On the way back, Genghis Khan died. After him, Ugadei became ruler , who in 1231, together with Toluy, led troops to the Jin empire. Having concluded a temporary alliance with South Song against it, by 1234 they jointly seek the defeat of the Jin state.
South China
In 1235, the war of the Mongols with the Song empire begins. Initially, active hostilities declined in the forties. In this region, the Mongols concentrated on the war with other states (the Mongol conquest of the state of Dali , the Mongol invasion of Vietnam ). In 1258, a new attack was launched on the Song, but the Chinese put up stubborn resistance, and the death of the Mongol commander Munke forced them to leave.
Stage Four
Khan Hubilai began the campaign in 1267, besieged the cities of Xianyang and Fancheng , taken in 1273. After which the offensive continued. On March 19, 1275, the Chinese army was defeated in a decisive battle near Dingjiazhou , after which the Mongols easily continued to seize the territory. In 1276 they captured the capital of Linan and the emperor. In 1279, the Mongols defeated the last resistance forces at the battle of Yashan , thus ending the conquest of China.