Azad Jammu and Kashmir ( Urdu آزاد جموں و کشمیر ; briefly, Azad Kashmir , literally "Free Kashmir") is the southernmost administrative unit within the Pakistan-controlled part of the former principality of Kashmir . De facto is part of Pakistan, although Pakistan is officially recognized as a self-governing territory with its government [1] . It borders on the modern Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir [2] in the east, as well as the Pakistani provinces of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in the west, Gilgit-Baltistan in the north and Punjab in the south. The administrative center is the city of Muzaffarabad . Azad Kashmir covers an area of 11,639 km² with a population of approximately 4.5 million people.
| self-governing territory controlled by Pakistan | |||||||
| Azad Jammu and Kashmir | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urdu آزاد جموں و کشمیر | |||||||
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| A country |  Azad Kashmir | ||||||
| Includes | 10 counties | ||||||
| Adm. center | Muzaffarabad | ||||||
| The president | Sardar Mohammad Yakub Khan | ||||||
| Prime Minister | Chowdry Abdul Majid | ||||||
| History and Geography | |||||||
| Date of formation | 1948 | ||||||
| Area | 11 639 km² (7th place ) | ||||||
| Timezone | UTC + 5 | ||||||
| Population | |||||||
| Population | 3 631 224 people ( 2011 ) ( 6th place ) | ||||||
| Density | 311.99 people / km² (5th place) | ||||||
| Official language | Urdu (official) Pahari , Mirpuri , Gojri , Hindko , Punjabi , Pashtudu , Pahari, Dogri | ||||||
| Digital identifiers | |||||||
| ISO 3166-2 Code | PK-JK | ||||||
| Official site | |||||||
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Content
- 1 History
- 2 Counties
- 3 Economics
- 4 notes
- 5 Literature
- 6 References
History
Free Kashmir was proclaimed in October 1947 in protest against the unpopular in Kashmir, Maharaja Hari Singh . After the First Indo-Pakistani War , today's actual borders formed, including only the western parts of the geographic regions of Kashmir and Jammu (that is, both main cities - Srinagar and Jammu - remained in India). According to UN resolutions, the status of Kashmir should be determined by a plebiscite or referendum; India rejected the idea of holding a second, explaining that the decision of the local council, which had agreed to be part of India, was a substitute for a plebiscite. So far, a true plebiscite has not been held, Free Kashmir is actually a province of Pakistan. Formally, Azad Kashmir is not separated from the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir , and the existence of the free state of Jammu and Kashmir is characterized as temporary until the entire territory becomes part of Pakistan (see the analogy - Free Zone in the Sahara ADR ). The religious section of Jammu and Kashmir proposed by the UN envoy Sir Owen Dixon in September 1950 was rejected by both India and Pakistan [3] .
Parishes
The territory of Azad Jammu and Kashmir includes 3 regions , which are divided into 10 districts :
| No. | County | Region | Adm. center | Area, km² [4] | Population (2009, estimate) | Density, people / km² |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| one | Bhimber | Mirpur | Bhimber | 1516 | 401,000 | 265 |
| 2 | Boilers | Mirpur | Boilers | 1862 | 746,000 | 401 |
| 3 | Mirpur | Mirpur | Mirpur | 1010 | 419,000 | 415 |
| four | Muzaffarabad | Muzaffarabad | Muzaffarabad | 1642 | 615,000 | 375 |
| 5 | Hattian | Muzaffarabad | Hattian Bala | 854 | 225,000 | 263 |
| 6 | Nilum | Muzaffarabad | Athmukam | 3621 | 171,000 | 47 |
| 7 | Punch | Punch | Rawalacote | 855 | 524,000 | 613 |
| 8 | Haveli | Punch | Forward kahuta | 598 | 138,000 | 231 |
| 9 | Bagh | Punch | Bagh | 770 | 351,000 | 456 |
| 10 | Sudhnati | Punch | Palandry | 569 | 278,000 | 489 |
| Total | 13,297 | 3 868 000 | 291 | |||
Economics
| State animal | ||
| State bird | ||
| State tree | ||
| State Flowers | ||
| State Sports |
In Azad Kashmir, Pakistan’s third-largest hydroelectric power station, the Mangla Dam, is located .
Notes
- ↑ Azad-Kashmir Archived August 8, 2014 at Wayback Machine Encyclopædia Britannica
- ↑ India considers the territory of Azad Kashmir as part of its state of Jammu and Kashmir
- ↑ Kashmir Between India and Pakistan Archived on February 3, 2012.
- ↑ Government of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Archived October 28, 2012 on the Wayback Machine
Literature
- Bose, Sumantra. Kashmir: Roots of Conflict, Paths to Peace. - Harvard University Press, 2003. - ISBN 0-674-01173-2 .
- Snedden, Christopher. Kashmir: The Unwritten History . - HarperCollins India, 2013 .-- ISBN 9350298988 .