Achikulak (from Türkic achy - “bitter” and fist - “beam, gorge” [2] ) - a village [3] as part of the Neftekumsky district (urban district) of the Stavropol Territory of Russia .
| Village | |
| Achikulak | |
|---|---|
| A country |  Russia |
| Subject of the federation | Stavropol region |
| City district | Neftekumsky |
| History and Geography | |
| Based | 1830 |
| Former names | Achikulak rate |
| Timezone | UTC + 3 |
| Population | |
| Population | ↘ 5936 [1] people ( 2017 ) |
| Nationalities | Russians , Dargins , Nogais , etc. |
| Denominations | Orthodox , Muslims |
| Digital identifiers | |
| Postcode | |
| OKATO Code | |
| OKTMO Code | |
| Other | |
| Card Sheet Nomenclature | L-38-126 |
Title Options
- Bet Achikulak [3] .
Translated from Nogai [the name of the village] means "bitter beam": "achi" - bitter, "fist" - beam . The toponym is associated with that place - the beam, where the Gorkaya Balka stream flows. In summer, the shores of the beam are covered with salt. Hence the second name of the locality - Shalash, where “shal” can be translated as “gray-haired”, and “ashy” - “bitter beam”.
- Gaazov V. L. "Stavropol and its environs. Stavropol Territory in names ” [4]
Geography
Located in the northwestern part of the Nogai steppe , on the Gorkaya Balka River .
Distance to the regional center : 260 km.
Distance to the district center : 30 km.
History
In 1830, the Achikulak rate was founded [2] [5] - the seat of the bailiff of the Achikulak-Dzhembulukovsky bailiff as part of the Stavropol province , inhabited by Nogais.
In 1860, the first inn (the “Kunat House”) was opened in Achikulak [6] . In 1869, a school was opened with the teaching of Russian and Nogai [7] , which became the first secular school in the region [6] .
In 1898, the “State slag and sedimentation plantation to calm the sands” was laid, which laid the foundation for steppe afforestation in the North Caucasus [6] .
The first artesian well was built in 1904, a hospital was opened in 1906, and a library in 1908.
From 1920 to 1965, Achikulak was the administrative center of the Achikulak region , which was part of the Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, the Ordzhonikidze Territory, the Stavropol Territory, and the Grozny Region at different years.
In 1923, the first agricultural cartel “Glory to Labor” was organized, chaired by Nikitin Pyotr Nikolaevich. The first Komsomol cell was created, which included 7 people [6] .
According to the 1926 census, the headquarters of Achikulak counted 508 households with a population of 2035 people (1,009 men and 1,026 women), of which 1,881 were Russians and 154 others [8] . As of October 1, 1929, the following were located here: school [8] ; district hospital with 25 beds with an outpatient clinic; veterinary point; an agronomic point with three agronomists serving the entire area [8] ; consumer society; agricultural credit and livestock partnerships; post and telegraph office [8] .
In 1929, collectivization began in the area, in the village of Achikulak the first collective farm with the name "Khleborob" was formed. Before the war, he split into a collective farm. Chapaev and the farm to them. Chkalova. The first chairman of the collective farm was Sergey Ivanovich Yampolsky [6] .
In 1930, the Achikulak machine-tractor station was formed, which together with the Kayasulinsky MTS cultivated 131 128 hectares of land annually [9] .
There was a tower for water, but in 1968 it was destroyed.
During the Great Patriotic War, heavy battles were fought in the Achikulak region.
Until 2017 [10] , the village of Achikulak [11 ] formed a rural settlement as part of the Neftekumsky municipal district , transformed by combining all the abolished settlements into the Neftekumsky urban district [12] [13] .
Population
| Population | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1926 [8] | 1959 [14] | 1979 [15] | 1989 [16] | 2002 [16] | 2010 [17] | 2011 [18] |
| 2035 | ↗ 4356 | ↗ 5531 | ↗ 5940 | ↗ 6916 | ↘ 6100 | ↘ 6091 |
| 2012 [19] | 2013 [20] | 2014 [21] | 2015 [22] | 2016 [23] | 2017 [1] | |
| ↗ 6115 | ↘ 6040 | ↘ 5972 | ↘ 5960 | ↘ 5948 | ↘ 5936 | |
- National composition
According to the 2010 census [24] :
| No. | Nationality | Number of people | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| one | Russians | 3,295 | 54.0% |
| 2 | dargins | 1 659 | 27.2% |
| 3 | Nogais | 309 | 5.1% |
| four | Koreans | 216 | 3.5% |
| five | Avars | 83 | 1.4% |
| 6 | Rutulians | 83 | 1.4% |
| 7 | laks | 74 | 1.2% |
| eight | the Chechens | 60 | 1,0% |
| 9 | other | 321 | 5.3% |
Rural Settlement Achikulak Village
Heads of Administration
- Dmitry Nikolaevich Sokurenko
- from September 14, 2014 - Evgeny Viktorovich Yukhnenko
Infrastructure
- Socio-cultural association [25]
- Library
- Hospital
- Forest Research Experimental Station [26]
Education
- Kindergarten No. 12 "Thumbelina" [27]
- Kindergarten No. 13 "Spikelet" [28]
- Secondary school No. 10 [29]
- Children's Music School [30]
- Art school
Economics
- Agricultural enterprises
- Branch number 7908/002 of Sberbank. Opened in 1947 [31]
Religion
- Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker [32]
Cemeteries
Within the borders of the village there are 3 cemeteries: public open (137,430 m²), religious closed (10,700 m²) and religious open (5,222 m²) [33] .
Monuments
- The grave of the communist V.P. Bichenko, who was shot by the Nazis [34]
- Mass grave of 5 Soviet soldiers who died in the struggle against the Nazis [35]
- The grave of the pilot Chipirova, who died in battle with the Nazis. 1942, 1965 [36]
- Mass grave of 235 Soviet soldiers who died in the struggle against the Nazis. 1942-1943, 1966 [37]
- Mass grave of 3 Soviet soldiers who died in the struggle against the Nazis. 1942, 1967 [38]
- Mass grave of Soviet soldiers who died in battles with the Nazis [39]
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2017 : [ arch. 07/31/2017 ] // Website of the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) . - 2017 .-- July 31. - Date of appeal: 07/31/2017.
- ↑ 1 2 Achikulak // Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Stavropol Territory / E. A. Abulova and others; ch. ed. : Doctor of Sociology, Professor V. A. Shapovalov ; reviewers: Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Yu. A. Polyakov , Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor O. G. Malysheva. - Stavropol: Publishing House of SSU , 2006. - S. 47. - 458 p.
- ↑ 1 2 Register of geographical names of objects registered in the AAGCG on 11/18/2011. Stavropol Territory : [ arch. 05/12/2017 ] // State catalog of geographical names .
- ↑ Gaazov V.L. Stavropol and its environs. Stavropol Territory in names : [ arch. February 28, 2019 ] / V.L. Gaazov, M.N. Lets. - Moscow: Nadyrshin Publishing House, 2006. - ISBN 5-902744-04-0 .
- ↑ Tvalchrelidze, A. I. Achikulak police // Stavropol province in statistical, geographical, historical and agricultural relations / A. I. Tvalchrelidze; Owls cultural fund, Stavrop. edges. Separation. - Rep. ed. 1897 - Stavropol: Caucasian Library, 1991. - S. 741. - 750 p. - ISBN 5-88530-046-1 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 History of Neftekumia // ist-konkurs.ru. - Date of appeal: 08/23/2019.
- ↑ Kalmykov I. Kh. Nogays: historical and ethnographic essay / I. Kh. Kalmykov, R. Kh. Kereytov, A. I.-M. Sikaliev; open ed. Y. S. Smirnova; Karachay-Cherkess. Research Institute of History, Philology and Economics. - Cherkessk: Stavrop. Prince Publishing House: Karachay-Cherkess. Department, 1988 .-- 230 p. - ISBN 5-7644-0241-7 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Zoned Dagestan: (administrative-economic division of the DSSR according to the new zoning of 1929). - Makhachkala: Orgotd. CEC DSSR, 1930 .-- 56, XXIV, 114 p.
- ↑ Kalmykov I.K. 1.6. Nogai after the Great October Socialist Revolution // Nogai: historical and ethnographic essay / I. Kh. Kalmykov, R. Kh. Kereytov, A. I.-M. Sikaliev; open ed. Y. S. Smirnova; Karachay-Cherkess. Research Institute of History, Philology and Economics. - Cherkessk: Stavrop. Prince Publishing House: Karachay-Cherkess. Department, 1988.- S. 58. - ISBN 5-7644-0241-7 .
- ↑ Law of the Stavropol Territory of April 29, 2016 N 47-kz “On the transformation of municipalities that are part of the Neftekumsky municipal district of the Stavropol Territory ...” .
- ↑ Law of the Stavropol Territory of October 4, 2004 No. 88-kz “On Giving Municipalities of the Stavropol Territory the Status of Urban, Rural Settlement, Urban District, and Municipal District” : [ arch. 08/10/2017 ].
- ↑ Government Decree of May 4, 2006 No. 63-p of the Stavropol Territory “On Approving the Register of Administrative Territorial Units of the Stavropol Territory” : [ arch. 05.24.2017 ].
- ↑ Law of the Stavropol Territory of July 7, 2011 No. 59-KZ “On Amending the Laws of the Stavropol Territory on the Establishment of the Borders of Municipalities of the Stavropol Territory” : [ arch. 04/03/2017 ] // The official website of the Duma of the Stavropol Territory.
- ↑ 1959 All-Union Census. The number of the rural population of the RSFSR - residents of rural settlements - district centers by gender : [ arch. 11/07/2017 ] // Demoscope Weekly . - Date of treatment: 02.01.2014.
- ↑ 1979 All-Union Census. The number of rural population of the RSFSR - residents of rural settlements - district centers : [ arch. 12/29/2013 ] // Demoscope Weekly . - Date of appeal: 12/29/2013. }
- ↑ 1 2 Population for each urban and rural settlement of the Stavropol Territory on the date of VPN-1989 and VPN-2002 : [ arch. 12.01.2015 ] // Website of Stavropolstat. - Date of treatment: 01/12/2015.
- ↑ Results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census. Total population (including men, women) by municipalities and settlements of the Stavropol Territory : [ arch. 04/05/2015 ] // Website of the Office of the Federal State Statistics Service for the North Caucasus Federal District (North Caucasus Statistics). - Date of treatment: 04/05/2015.
- ↑ Estimation of the resident population of municipalities of the Stavropol Territory as of January 1, 2011 (taking into account preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)
- ↑ Estimation of the resident population of the municipalities of the Stavropol Territory as of January 1, 2012 : [ arch. 12.01.2015 ] // Website of Stavropolstat. - Date of appeal: 12/26/2017.
- ↑ The population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2013. - M.: Federal State Statistics Service of Rosstat, 2013. - 528 p. (Table 33. The population of urban districts, municipalities, urban and rural settlements, urban settlements, rural settlements) . Date of treatment November 16, 2013. Archived November 16, 2013.
- ↑ Estimation of the resident population of the municipalities of the Stavropol Territory as of January 1, 2014 : [ arch. 04/02/2014 ] // Website of the Office of the Federal State Statistics Service for the North Caucasus Federal District (North Caucasus Statistics). - Date of treatment: 04/02/2014.
- ↑ Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2015 : [ arch. 08/06/2015 ] // Website of the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) . - Date of appeal: 08/06/2015.
- ↑ The population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2016 : [ arch. 10.10.2017 ] // Website of the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) . - Date of appeal: 04/27/2018.
- ↑ Volume 3 book 1 “National composition and language skills, citizenship”; table 4 "The national composition of the population of the Stavropol Territory by urban districts, municipal districts, urban settlements, rural settlements with a population of 3000 people or more"
- ↑ Socio-cultural association
- ↑ Achikulak Forest Research Experimental Station
- ↑ Kindergarten "Thumbelina" of Achikulak village celebrated its 70th anniversary
- ↑ Kindergarten of a general developing type with priority implementation of the physical direction of development of children No. 13 "Spikelet"
- ↑ Secondary school No. 10
- ↑ Achikulak children's music school
- ↑ Calendar of public holidays of the Russian Federation, memorable dates and significant events in the Stavropol Territory for 2012. Stavropol. 2012
- ↑ The Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker in the village of Achikulak , “Stavropolskaya Pravda”, 10.12.2008
- ↑ Order of the Ministry of Housing and Communal Services of the Stavropol Territory of May 19, 2017 No. 151 “On Amending the Register of Cemeteries Located in the Stavropol Territory, approved by order of the Ministry of Housing and Communal Services of the Stavropol Territory of September 30, 2016 No. 391” // Electronic fund of legal and regulatory technical documentation.
- ↑ The grave of the communist V.P. Bichenko, who was shot by the Nazis Archived on March 21, 2016.
- ↑ Mass grave of 5 Soviet soldiers who died in the fight against the Nazis (inaccessible link)
- ↑ Tomb of the pilot Chipirov, who died in battle with the Nazis Archived on March 21, 2016.
- ↑ Mass grave of 235 Soviet soldiers who died in the struggle against the Nazis (inaccessible link)
- ↑ Mass grave of 3 Soviet soldiers who died in the fight against the Nazis (inaccessible link)
- ↑ Mass grave of Soviet soldiers who died in battles with the Nazis (inaccessible link)
Literature
- The administrative and territorial structure of Stavropol from the end of the XVIII century to 1920 : [ arch. October 23, 2018 ] / G. A. Nikitenko (responsible drafter), E. B. Gromova, M. I. Krivneva; Archives Committee of the Stavropol Territory, State Archive of the Stavropol Territory. - Stavropol, 2008 .-- 705 s.
- Achikulak-Dzhembulukovskoe // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
Links
- Administration of the municipality of the village of Achikulak
- Neftekumsk. Ru: Achikulak
- Map sheet L-38-126 Achikulak . Scale: 1: 100 000. Indicate the date of issue / condition of the area .