A sports facility is a suitably equipped indoor or outdoor facility that provides the possibility of sporting events, the training process, fitness and sports and recreational activities in various sports. Construction (premises), the dimensions of which comply with the requirements of building codes and rules for sports facilities.
Content
Classification of sports facilities
1) By appointment : sports and entertainment, educational, physical education and health;
- Sports and entertainment facilities - facilities that have special seats for spectators, representing stands or separate rows while ensuring normal visibility and the necessary conditions for evacuation (indoors - 500 or more; outdoors - 1,500 or more). These include stadiums, Palaces of Sports, universal grounds, velodromes, racetracks, ski and ski stadiums and other sports facilities with stands, benches, chairs, and standing places.
- Training facilities - facilities designed for the training process. Educational facilities include sports facilities of schools, higher and secondary specialized educational institutions and educational centers for training athletes of higher ranks. Regardless of the availability of spectator seats, all facilities for rowing, sailing, skiing, skiing, sledding, bobsleighing, shooting, speed skating, horse riding (excluding racecourses), chess and drafts are related to educational training.
- Sports and fitness facilities - facilities designed for sports and recreational activities and outdoor activities. Physical fitness work is carried out at all facilities where classes do not require special training and do not pose a danger to the life and health of students.
2) According to the architectural and planning features : specially built, adapted, freestanding, built-in, voluminous, planar, separate, complex;
- Specially built sports facilities - facilities built according to a specially developed architectural design, according to building standards, on a specially allocated land plot.
- Adapted sports facilities - facilities built with non-compliance with building codes for sports facilities that are converted to sports facilities.
- Separate - buildings of structures built separately.
- Built - in - facilities are built into buildings for sports or other purposes.
- Volume sports facilities - all indoor sports facilities: sports halls, sports palaces, indoor pools and playpens.
- Flat sports facilities - sports fields, skating tracks, ski and ski slopes, etc.
- Separate - facilities designed for one sport (specialized halls, pools with one bathtub, sports fields, football, rugby, field hockey, baseball, equestrian, archery, athletics and skating tracks, ski and ski pistes, ski jumps, bobsleigh tracks, cycle tracks, horse riding arenas, shooting ranges, shooting and hunting stands, etc.).
- Integrated sports facilities - facilities consisting of several separate sports facilities, united by a common territory or located in one building (stadiums, sports palaces, pools with several bathtubs, complex venues, multi-purpose sports buildings and other sports facilities of this type).
3) - According to the volumetric planning design : open, covered.
- Outdoor sports facilities - facilities in which competitions and training sessions are held in the open.
- Indoor sports facilities - facilities in which competitions and training sessions are held in indoor halls, playpens, swimming pools, sports palaces, etc. Structures with a canopy, in which competitions and training sessions are held in the open air, are indoor facilities.
The structure of sports facilities
Each separate sports facility structurally consists of three elements: the main structure (facility), auxiliary structure and facilities for spectators.
The main structure is a structure where competitions and training sessions are held directly. Space-planning dimensions, coatings, marking and equipment of the main structure must comply with state building standards, the rules of competitions of the respective sports federations and the current table of sports equipment and inventory of sports facilities.
Auxiliary sports facilities - facilities designed to serve students and competitors. Auxiliary facilities include facilities for servicing students, facilities and facilities for engineering and technical services, utility and utility, administrative, medical and medical facilities intended for judges, media representatives, and security officials (fire and police).
Facilities for spectators - stands (stationary or transformable), rows of seats (chairs, benches) and standing places located at the main structure (sports core, field, playground, hall, pool, etc.) and other facilities for maintenance ( pavilions, foyers, buffets, cafes, bathrooms, etc.).
Examples of sports facilities
- Stadium
- Football field
- Rink
- Hockey field
- Tennis court
- Treadmill
- Gym
- Swimming pool
- Volleyball Court
- Springboard
- Bobsled track
- Race track
- Skate park