Gudrun Enslins ( German: Gudrun Ensslin , August 15, 1940 , Bartolome - October 18, 1977 , Stuttgart ) - one of the founders and leaders of the Red Army Faction . Enslin was one of the intellectual leaders of the RAF.
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Content
Biography
Born in 1940 in Bartolome in southern Germany. Her father, an evangelical pastor, was a prominent theologian and artist, a direct descendant of Hegel . At the University of Tubingen, Gudrun studied German studies , Slavic studies , English studies, philosophy, sociology and pedagogy.
In 1963, she meets writer and publisher Bernard Vesper, who becomes her life partner. With Bernard Wesper, Gudrun Ensslin reprints the works of his father, the National Socialist writer, Wesper.
In April 1968 , together with Andreas Baader , Torvald Prolom and Hubert Sönlein, organized the arson of a department store in Frankfurt am Main . Subsequently, at the trial, future RAF members stated that the purpose of this demonstration was to remind the "snickering" Europe of the Vietnam War and the suffering of the Third World . According to Baader, in an action in Frankfurt they “lit the torch of Vietnam” in Western Europe.
In 1969, Enslin and Baader were arrested and convicted of arson. The process was widely publicized and attracted massive support from the "arsonists" in the left-wing circles of West Germany .
On October 18, 1977, Andreas Baader , Jan-Karl Raspe , Gudrun Enslin and Ingrid Schubert were found dead in their cells. According to the official version, they committed "collective suicide in protest against the conditions of detention." Given the conditions in the Stammheim, the fact of suicide, as well as the suicide of Ulrike Meinhof , is questioned by a number of historians (RAF lawyer Klaus Croisson, Heinrich Böll , A.N. Tarasov ).
According to the official version, the leaders of the first generation of the RAF committed suicide: Baader and Raspe used the pistols secretly carried by their lawyer, and Enslin hanged herself, in addition, Irmgard Möller, who was also in that prison, survived despite four stab wounds to her chest. She later stated that there was no suicide, that it was a targeted murder committed by the guards: [5]
At some point, I woke up from a strange noise that I could not recognize. The noise was quite strong. It didn’t look like a shot; rather, it resembled a cabinet fall or something like that. Then my eyes suddenly darkened, and I woke up already lying on the floor in the corridor, and some people stood around me and checked my pupils. Then I heard someone's voice: "Baader and Enslin are dead." After that, everything faded again.
Gudrun Enslin is buried in a common grave with Andreas Baader and Jan Karl Raspe at the Dornhalden cemetery in Stuttgart.
Cinema
Lead Times is a 1981 -based feature film about the life of Enslain and her sister, Christian Enslain, who did not believe in the official version of suicide and spent months searching for evidence that Gudrun was killed. In the role of "Marianne" - Barbara Zukova .
German film " Stammheim - Die Baader-Meinhof-Gruppe vor Gericht " (1986). In the role of Gudrun - Sabina Wegner ( German: Sabine Wegner ).
German television movie "Todesspiel" (1997). In the role of Anya Hoffman ( German: Anya Hoffmann ).
“ Baader-Meinhof Complex ” is a feature film about the history of the Red Army Faction. The film premiered on September 18, 2008 (Germany). Director - Uli Edel. In the role of Gudrun - Johanna Vokalek .
In 2002, the feature film “Baader” was shot [6] , in which facts boldly interfere with fiction (for example, Baader is dramatically killed by being trapped in a garage). In the role of Gudrun - Laura Tonke ( German: Laura Tonke ).
In 2011, the film “If Not Us, Who” ( German: “Wer wenn nicht wir” ) was released in Germany. Director Andres Veiel . Gudrun’s relationship with her husband Bernard and Baader, the backstory of the German Autumn. In the role of Gudrun - Lena Lauzemis ( Lena Lauzemis ).
In 2019, Rammstein frontman Till Lindemann in the new video called Deutschland appears in the image of Gudrun.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 118530518 // General regulatory control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ 1 2 FemBio
- ↑ 1 2 Discogs - 2000.
- ↑ LIBRIS - 2018.
- ↑ How They Killed Us: Fragments from an interview with a member of the RAF, “the oldest political prisoner in Germany”, Irmgard Möller to Spiegel magazine, spring 1992 .
- ↑ Baader on the Internet Movie Database .
Literature
- Meinhof W. M. From protest to resistance. From the literary heritage of the city partisan. M .: Gilea, 2004. (Series “Hour. Ch. Modern World Anti-Bourgeois Thought”). ISBN 5-87987-030-8 .
- Klaus Stern und Jorg Herrmann: Andreas Baader. Das Leben eines Staatsfeindes. Deutscher Taschenbuch-Verlag, Munchen 2007 (German)
Links
- Photo by Gudrun Enslin and Andreas Baader (inaccessible link)
- Photo sisters Christiane and Gudrun Ensslin, 1959, Stuttgart, main station.
- Site about the Baader-Meinhof group
- Birgit Hogefeld. TO THE HISTORY OF RAF
- Sartre, Jean-Paul Slow death of Andreas Baader. or here
- “They want to break us. Conversation with political prisoners - RAF fighters »
- RAFinfo (German)
- Who were the Baader-Meinhof gang?
- Sergey Summed. "Their struggle"
- Irmgard Meller. "How they killed us"
- Alexander Kolpakidi. “A short history of RAF”
- Materials about the RAF on the site “Skepticism. RU"
- Materials about the RAF. History of Left Radical Movement
- Todesspiel on IMDB