Girolamo Saccheri ( Italian: Giovanni Girolamo Saccheri ; 1667 - 1733 ) - Italian mathematician, Jesuit , creator of the first draft of non-Euclidean geometry .
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 Euclid, Cleansed of All Spots (1703) | |
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In Turin and Pavia he taught theology, logic, metaphysics, arithmetic, algebra, geometry and other mathematical sciences. Under the influence of mathematician Giovanni Cheva , two mathematical works were written by Sackeri: Quaesita Geometrica etc. (Milan, 1693 ) and Neostatica (ib., 1708 ). His “Logica demonstrativa” (Pavia, 1701 ) and writings on theology also appeared in print.
Sackeri was a completely original thinker in his main work entitled Euclides, Cleansed of All Spots ( Euclides ab omni naevo vindicatus ), published in Milan, 1733. In it, the author, ahead of a century of creators of non-Euclidean geometry , Lobachevsky and Boyia , replaces the fifth postulate of Euclid with an alternative postulate of hyperbolic geometry (Lobachevsky) and proves a number of theorems of this geometry. He considers a quadrilateral similar to the Lambert quadrilateral and correctly rejects one of the three alternatives with respect to the fourth angle: the obtuse angle hypothesis. However, further, as a result of a computational error, he draws the wrong conclusion that this geometry contains a contradiction and rejects the acute angle hypothesis, which, in fact, cannot be refuted within the framework of absolute geometry .
The work of Sackery was evaluated only after the creation of non-Euclidean geometry.
Girolamo Saccheri is also known as one of the strongest Italian chess players of his time. He surprised his contemporaries with the ability to play blindly at the same time on three or four boards. [four]
Content
- 1 See also
- 2 Literature
- 3 notes
- 4 References
See also
- Fifth postulate
Literature
- P. Mansion . Analyse des recherches du P. Saccheri sur le postulatum d'Euclide (Brussels, Soc. Scient., Annales; vol. XIV, 1889–90)
- A.V. Vasiliev . “Jesuit Sackeri, Italian predecessor of Lobachevsky” (“Proceedings of the Physics and Mathematics Society at Kazan Univ.”, 2nd series, vol. III, 1893 , pp. 53-57).
- The history of mathematics from ancient times to the beginning of the XIX century (under the editorship of A.P. Yushkevich ), volume I, M., Science, 1972.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 101231687 // General regulatory control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ 1 2 BNF identifier : Open Data Platform 2011.
- ↑ 1 2 Archive for the history of mathematics MacTyutor
- ↑ Fraser's Magazine, Volume 21, p. 307
Links
- Sackeri, Girolamo // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- John J. O'Connor and Edmund F. Robertson . Saccheri, Girolamo (Eng.) - Biography in the MacTutor Archive.