Budennovskaya horse

The horses of the Budyonnovsk breed have pronounced riding forms: a well-developed withers , a long, oblique, well-muscled shoulder blade , a wide, deep and long rib cage , the correct setting of the front and hind limbs. The head is dry, proportional, with a straight profile, a wide forehead and expressive eyes. The nape is long, curved, the neck is also long with a high exit. The chest is wide and deep. The croup is long, powerful. The back is straight. Extremities with well-developed carpal and hock joints , muscular upper arm and lower leg ; metacarpus broad with well-developed tendons; dibs have a regular slope.

Much attention is paid in the selection of size, wide-body, bony. Today, the largest horses are at the stud farm. First Cavalry Army: many of its Budennovsky stallions are taller than 170 cm. For queens, the height at the withers ranges from 160 to 178 cm. The most characteristic suit for Budennovsky horses is a redhead of various shades, from dark terracotta to the color of river sand. The golden shade that the Budyonnovsky horses inherited from the Don gives a special beauty and showiness of the red suit.

In the Budyonnovsk breed, there are three inbreeding types:

The characteristic type combines traits inherited from purebred horse and Don breeds: these are large, massive horses with good leverage and well-developed muscles, which are highly efficient.

The eastern type is horses that have been predominantly influenced by the Don breed; they are characterized by smooth lines and roundness of forms, giving them a peculiar beauty and elegance, especially in combination with a golden shade of color.

The massive type is represented by very large horses, with a deep, high-ribbed torso of an elongated format. Horses of this type are sometimes rustic or rough; in terms of agility, they are usually inferior to horses of a characteristic and oriental type.

Often you can find mixed types, for example, east-massive or characteristic-eastern. In addition to the types common to the whole breed, each of the three plants has its own factory type. At the stud farm. The first Cavalry Army more often found Budennovtsy with a large head, some angular lines, bay suit. A type of broad-bodied, muscular and elegant horse, usually a golden-red suit, developed in the stud farm. Budyonny. The horses of the Yulovsky factory are elegant, very pedigree, often have a color with a golden tint.

Appearance

After the civil war on the territory of the Kuban, most of the factories were devastated, and many years of experience were lost. However, the army was in great need of a horse breed, which could become a reliable support for cavalry throughout the country, and could also become an improvement for horse riding. The first experiments on crossing mares of the Don breed and purebred English stallions have been carried out since the end of the XIX century ^{[3] by} Don breeders, but were not systematic.

Work on the breeding of a new breed began in the 1920s at the plants of S. M. Budenny, who created favorable conditions for work, and appointed the leaders of the former commanders of the First Horse Army , generals. For breeding, the best Don mares and thoroughbred stallions of the English breed with excellent race qualities and the correct exterior (physique) were used. In total, up to 70 thoroughbred stallions were involved in all the time, but only three became the ancestors of the Budyonnovsky breed: Sympathyaga, Kokas and Inferno.

1940s - 1970s

Officially, the new breed was recognized on November 15, 1948 by decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR No. 4210.

In the 1950s, a significant event took place in the formation of the modern exterior of the Budyonnovskaya horse. At this time, at the plant. Budenny was able to significantly improve the breed with the help of a stallion named Cutout. This stallion, with its waywardness and many flaws, through hard work gave offspring, which largely determines the modern characteristics of the breed.

In the 1960s, with the beginning of widespread automation , the development of technology, the role of horses in the economy and the army fell sharply, and new opportunities for Budyonnovsky horses opened up here. Many of the qualities that developed for cavalry proved to be ideal for sports. In addition, the unpretentiousness and low cost of keeping Budennovites attracted breeders. So gradually the army horse became athletic.

Today

Currently, the Budyonnovsky horse is a sports breed that is used due to its versatility in many disciplines: show jumping , eventing , horse racing , dressage . The exterior of the horse remained the same from the moment of breeding: large growth, power, constitution strength, endurance. At the same time, grace and elasticity of movements.

Today, breeding breeds involved mainly three plants in the Rostov region: them. Budyonny them. First Horse Army and Yulovsky. ^{[4] The} popularity among Russian breeders gradually moved abroad, where they appreciated the positive qualities of the breed: high potential in sport, unpretentiousness, and the ability to improve other breeds due to its indicators in power, endurance, and agility.

The peculiarity of raising horses of the Budyonnovsky breed is a large-group, or herd method of keeping queens and young animals. This has a certain effect on the selection of temperament and character, and in the direction directly opposite to the widespread opinion about the rebellion and waywardness of steppe horses. Herds graze in confined spaces, and wayward, poorly managed mares are very difficult to graze the whole herd. Such animals are removed from the herd. The character of the herd mare is very much appreciated for complaisance, patience, contact, lack of aggressiveness and, at the same time, quick reaction and quick wit.

Weaning foals from mares takes place simultaneously for those born in February and for those born in May. It lasts from the end of September and, depending on a number of conditions (weather, fatness of mares, the presence of pastures), until November. Before weaning, all foals are made with the cold method. The brand is superimposed on the left side in the withers area: it shows the individual foal number, year of birth and the emblem of the plant. In the stud farm. Budyonny emblem is placed on the left thigh.

After weaning, herds of young animals are formed: stallions and filly separately. The most valuable young growth immediately after weaning enters the cultural group. The name "cultgroup" has been preserved since those times when the entire livestock of the plant was constantly kept in herds. Then, stallions, future producers, were usually selected in the cult groups. Now horses are included in the cult group, which in the future should enter race racing departments or are of particular interest in tribal or sporting terms. Young animals in the cultgroup are kept in stalls in pairs. Foals get used to a person, they are accustomed to a halter, put off, called appropriated nicknames.

Traditionally, horses are tested in smooth races (riding at a hippodrome at maximum speed, at least 1 km.) At the Rostov hippodrome aged 2, 3, 4 and older. Tests in smooth races are not all horses, as is customary in prize breeds, and a specially selected part - from 15 to 25% of the rate. This type of test allows you to cultivate interior qualities in the breed, ensuring the body's ability to withstand large physiological loads. ^[five]

Currently, the vast majority of manufacturers in stud farms have passed race tests, while showing high performance. More than 50% of the mares were tested in the breeding stock of the stud farms.

Currently, all breeding Budyonnovsky horses are regularly recorded in the State Stud Book, the next volumes of which are published regularly with an interval of one year. Belonging to the Budennovsky breed is confirmed by a passport issued by VNIIK . Every year, the VNIIK selection department staff conducts and publishes an assessment of the stallions-producers used in the work of the Budyonnovsky breed of horses for the quality of the offspring.

Currently, the Budyonnovsky horses are a sports breed. Due to its versatility, it can be found in various disciplines. By the number of sports horses, the breed ranks third ^[6] Horses are in great demand among domestic and foreign buyers and athletes, they are successfully sold for export, where they are used for walking and sports.

• Budennovskaya horse: 60 years from the date of breeding.
• Horse breeding and sport magazine - Budyonnovskaya and Donskoy breeds
• American breed community
• Description of the breed; story
• Site dedicated to the Don and Budyonnovsk breeds
• Producers and young Budennovsky horses from the Rostov region