Compact Muon Solenoid ( CMS from the English Compact Muon Solenoid ) is one of two large universal elementary particle detectors at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) in Geneva ( Switzerland ). It is located in an underground experimental hall near the village of Cessi in France near the border with Switzerland.
About 3600 people from 183 laboratories and universities from 38 countries, including Russia, make up the CMS collaboration , which built the detector and is currently working with it. [one]
General purpose detector designed to search for the Higgs boson and “non-standard physics” , in particular dark matter.
Content
- 1 History
- 2 Physical program of the experiment
- 3 General structure of the detector
- 4 Layering CMS by layers
- 4.1 Point of interaction
- 4.2 Layer 1 - Tracker
- 4.3 Layer 2 - Electromagnetic Calorimeter
- 4.4 Layer 3 - Hadron Calorimeter
- 4.5 Layer 4 - Magnet
- 4.6 Layer 5 - Muon detectors and return yokes
- 5 Data collection and processing
- 5.1 Reconstruction
- 5.2 Trigger system
- 5.3 Data Processing
- 6 Stages of construction and launch
- 7 Notes
- 8 References
History
In 2017, the CMS collaboration celebrates its twenty-fifth anniversary; in June, it held a festive event [2] .
Physical Experiment Program
CMS is designed to study various types of physics that could be detected in energetic collisions on the LHC. Some of these studies consist in validating or improving measurements of the parameters of the Standard Model , while many others are in search of new physics. [3]
In April 2014, the CMS collaboration reported that the decay width of the Higgs boson is less than 22 MeV [4] .
General detector structure
Build CMS. In the center, in the so-called barrel, a man is shown for scale. (HCAL - Hadron Calorimeter, ECAL - Electromagnetic Calorimeter)]]
Build CMS by Layers
For a more technical description, see the Technical Design Report .
Interaction Point
Layer 1 - Tracker
Layer 2 - Electromagnetic Calorimeter
Layer 3 - Hadron Calorimeter
Layer 4 - Magnet
The largest superconducting magnet for 2014 is the Heavy Superconducting Magnet [5] [6] .
Layer 5 - Muon Detectors and Return
Data collection and processing
Reconstruction
Trigger System
Data Processing
Construction and launch stages
| 1998 | Construction of ground buildings for CMS begins. |
| 2000 | The LEP accelerator closes, the construction of the underground cavity begins. |
| 2004 | Underground cavity construction completed. |
| September 10, 2008 | The first proton beam in the CMS. |
| November 23, 2009 | The first proton beam collision in a CMS. |
Computer simulation of a proton beam dumping onto a tungsten block up the CMS beam on the first day of the LHC accelerator operation, September 2008
Notes
- ↑ Welcome to CMS Archived on April 14, 2009.
- ↑ ATLAS and CMS collaborations turn 25
- ↑ N.V. Krasnikov, V.A. Matveev. The search for new physics at the Large Hadron Collider (English) // Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk : journal. - Russian Academy of Sciences , 2004. - July ( vol. 174 , no. 7 ). - P. 697-725 .
- ↑ Higgs boson study
- ↑ Page on the collaboration site (inaccessible link)
- ↑ CMS Magnet Detector
Links
- CMS Detector on the Elements website
- In the whirlwind of the microworld. The role of domestic physicists , Search, 11/7/2008.
- CMS twitter with the latest CMS news
- CMS home page
- CMS Outreach
- CMS Times
- The site of the Compact Muon Solenoid project at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR, Dubna)
- https://web.archive.org/web/20070709094254/http://www.petermccready.com/portfolio/07041601.html Panoramic view - click and drag to look around the experiment under construction (with sound!) (requires Quicktime )
- The assembly of the CMS detector, step by step, through a 3D animation
- The CMS Collaboration, S Chatrchyan et al (2008-08-14), " The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC ", Journal of Instrumentation T. 3: S08004, doi : 10.1088 / 1748-0221 / 3/08 / S08004 , < http://www.iop.org/EJ/journal/-page=extra.lhc/jinst > . Retrieved August 26, 2008. (Full design documentation)
- Laboratory of Hadron Interaction Physics, NSU