Leonid Konstantinovich Erofeevsky ( August 8, 1913 , village of Karagai, Ohan district of Perm province - July 9, 1944 , Vilnius ) - Soviet officer, participant in the Great Patriotic War , Hero of the Soviet Union (1945, posthumous), major guard.
| Leonid Konstantinovich Erofeevsky | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Date of Birth | August 8, 1913 | ||||||
| Place of Birth | Karagay village Karagai district , Perm Territory , Russian Empire | ||||||
| Date of death | July 9, 1944 (aged 30) | ||||||
| Place of death | Vilnius , Lithuanian SSR , USSR | ||||||
| Affiliation |  the USSR | ||||||
| Type of army | Armored and mechanized troops | ||||||
| Years of service | 1939 - 1944 | ||||||
| Rank |  | ||||||
| Part | 3rd Guards Tank Brigade | ||||||
| Commanded | mechanized infantry battalion of machine gunners | ||||||
| Battles / wars | The Great Patriotic War | ||||||
| Awards and prizes |
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| Communications | Deputy I.P. Yaborov | ||||||
During the Great Patriotic War, he served in the motorized battalion of machine gunners of the 3rd Guards Tank Brigade . He particularly distinguished himself in 1944 in the battles for the liberation of Belarus and Lithuania . He died in the battles for Vilnius .
Content
Biography
Early years
Born on August 8, 1913 in the village of Karagay, now in the Karagai district of the Perm Territory, in a peasant family. Russian [1] . At the end of seven classes, he worked on the Komintern collective farm near Okhansk [2] .
After completing one-year teacher courses, he taught at the Usol School of the former Ohan Region for two years. In 1934, ahead of schedule, in one year, he graduated from the two-year labor school in Okhansk and entered the Physics and Mathematics Department of Perm State University . Since July 1939, he began working as a teacher of mathematics at the Perm Engineering College [1] [2] .
In the Red Army since September 1939 (according to other sources [2] - since December 1939) [1] . It is called up by the Kaganovichsky RVK of the city of Molotov (now Perm ) [3] .
During the Great Patriotic War
On the fronts of World War II from October 1941. Member of the CPSU (b) since 1942 [1] .
Since January 1942, the guard, Lieutenant L.K. Erofeevsky, was the chief of staff of the motorized rifle and machine-gun battalion of the 3rd Guards Heavy Tank Brigade , in which, during 1942, he participated in battles on the North-Western , Kalinin , Western , Bryansk and Stalingrad fronts. He was twice wounded. According to the commander of the motorized rifle-machine gun battalion of the guard Captain Sorokin and the military commissar of the motorized rifle-machine gun battalion of the guard of the battalion commissar Nikitin, L. K. Erofeevsky proved himself to be “a brave, initiative and competent commander, skillfully manages subordinates in battle, in particular.” On August 11-17, 1942, for a height of 218.7 and a grove near the village of Ilyinovka ( Verkhnekhavsky District, Voronezh Region ) L.K. Erofeevsky, commanding a company, repelled more than a dozen attacks of superior enemy forces. Only on August 16, the enemy launched 7 attacks of up to a battalion of infantry, while losing more than a company of killed and wounded, and 6 soldiers and officers by Soviet machine gunners were captured. In this battle, he personally destroyed 12 enemy soldiers from a rifle. For this episode L.K. Erofeevsky was awarded the Order of the Red Banner (November 6, 1942) [3] .
On August 24, 1942, the 3rd Guards Tank Brigade as part of the 7th Panzer Corps was transferred to the Stalingrad Front and became part of the 1st Guards Army . The brigade’s tankers took part in the Battle of Stalingrad until October 29, when the brigade was withdrawn for additional staffing in the reserve of the Supreme Command in Saratov . Once again, tank guards arrived at the Stalingrad Front on December 1, 1942, the brigade became part of the 5th shock army [4] .
December 14-16, 1942 L.K. Erofeevsky with his battalion knocked out the enemy from the villages of Rychkovsky and Verkhnechirsky (now Surovikinsky district of the Volgograd region ), having suffered minimal losses. By personal example he carried his fighters into the attack [5] . And on December 29, during the Kotelnikov operation, tank crews liberated the village of Kotelnikovsky (since 1955 - the city of Kotelnikovo ) [6] .
On September 18, 1943, during the Chernihiv-Pripyat operation and the offensive in the Kiev direction, tank crews participated in the liberation of the city of Priluki (now the Chernihiv region of Ukraine) [6] .
In the summer of 1944, Captain L.K. Erofeevsky commanded a battalion of machine gunners of the 3rd Guards Tank Brigade. He particularly distinguished himself in the battles for the liberation of Belarus and Lithuania [1] .
On June 27, 1944, the advanced tank detachment of the 3rd Guards Tank Brigade with machine gunners on armor captured the eastern part of the village of Bobr ( Krupsky district of the Minsk region ) and went out to the Bobr river. The battalion L.K. Erofeevsky crossed the water barrier and seized the bridgehead. Major I.P. Yaborov, the battalion commander and guard’s political commander, skillfully organized a night attack, knocked the enemy out of the fortifications and held the crossing for twenty hours until Soviet reserves arrived [1] .
On June 30, during the Minsk operation , the battalion of L. K. Erofeevsky was one of the first to cross the Berezina River and the first to occupy the outskirts of the city of Borisov ( Minsk Region ), destroying and capturing hundreds of enemy officers and soldiers [1] . On July 3, brigade tankers as part of the 5th Guards Tank Army participated in the liberation of the city of Minsk , and the 3rd Guards Tank Brigade was awarded the honorary name Minsk by the order of the Supreme Command [6] . For the capture of the city Borisov L. K. Erofeevsky was awarded the Order of Alexander Nevsky (July 21, 1944) [7] .
Developing the offensive, on July 8, during the Vilnius operation, units of the 3rd Guards Tank Brigade approached the capital of Lithuania, Vilnius , and the next day the assault on the city began [1] .
On July 9, Major [8] L.K. Erofeevsky, with a group of machine gunners, fulfilling the command order, burst into Vilnius station and, despite the fierce resistance of the enemy, knocked him out of there. At the station, 8 railway trains with various assets and 10 steam locomotives standing under pairs were captured [1] .
| External Images | |
|---|---|
| Vilnius, st. Chopin number 8, where the guards were killed, led by L.K. Erofeevsky and I.P. Yaborov . | |
Step by step, the machine gunners along with the battalion commander approached the city center. Especially stubborn was the enemy’s resistance at the commandant’s building (Chopin Street, house number 8 [9] ). But the guardsmen managed to break into the premises and during the battle destroyed six officers and twelve enemy soldiers. However, soon the Germans managed to block the guards in this building. The battle in the encirclement lasted three days, having lost more than a hundred soldiers, German troops were able to enter the building when the last Soviet soldier died [1] (according to some reports, the building was set on fire [10] ). The abuses of German soldiers over the corpses of Soviet soldiers were recorded: they gouged out their eyes, cut off their ears, noses, and scorched their legs and hands. After the building was recaptured, and the Soviet command became aware of this, a leaflet was issued on Soviet units calling for the brutal revenge of the fascists for fighting friends [1] .
The exact date of death is unknown, none of the participants in the battle were left alive. The report of the irreparable loss is July 9 [1] . Vilnius was completely cleared of German troops on July 13, 1944 [6] , and on July 25 by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR , the 3rd Guards Tank Brigade was awarded the Order of the Red Banner [4] .
By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated March 24, 1945 “for exemplary execution of the combat missions of command on the front of the struggle against Nazi invaders and the courage and heroism shown at the same time”, the guard Major Erofeevsky Leonid Konstantinovich was posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union [1] . By the same Decree, the high rank of the Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded to his deputy for the political part of the guard, Major I. P. Yaborov , who died in the same battle [11] .
Awards and titles
Soviet state awards and titles [1] :
- Hero of the Soviet Union (March 24, 1945, posthumously [12] );
- Order of Lenin (March 24, 1945, posthumously [12] );
- Order of the Red Banner (November 6, 1942 [3] );
- Order of Alexander Nevsky (July 21, 1944 [7] );
- medals, including:
- Medal "For Courage" (March 22, 1943 [5] );
- medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad" [7] .
Memory
| External Images | |
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| Mass grave . | |
He was buried in the city garden in Vilnius on Ozhiškov Square, where the monument was originally erected [13] . In 1951, his remains were transferred to a memorial ensemble in memory of Soviet soldiers of the Great Patriotic War on Antakalnis [1] .
One of the central streets of Okhansk , the street of the village of Karagay and a school in the village of Shalashi of the Ohan region [10] are named after him. In Perm , on the building No. 2 of Perm State University (Genkel St., 7) a memorial plaque was installed [1] . In the house where there was a labor school in 1933-1934, now there is a secondary school, at the entrance to which there is also a memorial plaque: "Hero of the Soviet Union Leonid Konstantinovich Erofeevsky studied here." Before the collapse of the USSR, two pioneer detachments were named after him [2] [10] .
On May 9, 1971, a memorial plaque was also erected in the native village of Karagay on the house where L.K. Erofeevsky was born [10] .
Family
His mother Olga Fedorovna Erofeevskikh and two sisters, Ekaterina and Valentina, lived in Okhansk. In the postwar years, they often told the pupils of local orphanages and students of city schools about the childhood and exploit of Leonid Konstantinovich Erofeevsky [2] .
Wife - Ksenia Vasilievna, during the war years she lived in the village of Karagay [13] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Kargapoltsev S.V. Erofeevsky, Leonid Konstantinovich . Site " Heroes of the country ".
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Erofeevsky Leonid Konstantinovich . Encyclopedia "Perm Territory". Date of treatment November 23, 2014.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Award sheet in the electronic document bank “ Feat of the People ” (archive materials of TsAMO , f. 33 , op. 682525 , d. 176 , p. 426 ).
- ↑ 1 2 3rd Guards Tank Brigade . Tank front. Date of treatment November 24, 2014.
- ↑ 1 2 Award sheet in the electronic document bank “ Feat of the People ” (archive materials of TsAMO , f. 33 , op. 682526 , d. 85 , f. 95 ).
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 USSR // Handbook "Liberation of cities: A guide to the liberation of cities during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" / M. L. Dudarenko, Yu. G. Perenich, V. T. Eliseev and others - M. : Military Publishing, 1985 .-- 598 p.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Award sheet in the electronic document bank “ Feat of the People ” ( TsAMO archive materials, f. 33 , op. 686196 , d. 2049 , l. 59 ).
- ↑ The title "major" was awarded on July 5, 1944 by order of the 2nd Ukrainian Front No. 0276, according to: Information in the electronic document bank of the Memorial OBD (archive materials TsAMO , f. 33 , op. 11459 , d. 455 ).
- ↑ Irina Kalashnikova. Cherdynsky hero Ivan Petrovich Yaborov (inaccessible link) . Uralologist (February 6, 2013). Date of treatment November 24, 2014. Archived November 29, 2014.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Heroes of the Soviet Union are our fellow countrymen . Karagay inter-settlement library. Date of treatment November 24, 2014.
- ↑ Osovik K.N. Erofeevsky, Leonid Konstantinovich . Site " Heroes of the country ".
- ↑ 1 2 Award sheet in the electronic document bank “ Feat of the People ” ( TsAMO archive materials, f. 33 , op. 793756 , d. 15 , p. 276 ).
- ↑ 1 2 Information in the electronic document bank of the OBD “Memorial” (archive materials of TsAMO , f. 33 , op. 11458 , d. 356 ).
Literature
- Encyclopedias and reference books
- Erofeevsky Leonid Konstantinovich // Heroes of the Soviet Union: A Brief Biographical Dictionary / Prev. ed. collegium I. N. Shkadov . - M .: Military Publishing , 1987.- T. 1 / Abaev - Lyubichev /. - S. 486-487. - 911 p. - 100,000 copies. - ISBN comp., Reg. RCP No. 87-95382.
- Heroes of Prikamye: Biographical Guide / Comp. Z. R. Kozlova. - Perm, 2006 .-- S. 67.
- Kondaurov I. A. Erofeevskikh Leonid Konstantinovich // Perm University in 2004: Anniversaries and Commemorative Dates of Scientists and Heroes of the Soviet Union / V. I. Kostitsyn - Perm: Perm University Press, 2004. - P. 120—124. - 143 p. ISBN 5-8241-0360-7 (first published in the collection "Fatherland faithful sons. Permyaks - Heroes of the Soviet Union." Perm: Perm Book Publishing House, 1964. - P. 127-131.)
- Golden Stars of Prikamye. 4th ed. Perm, 1988.
- Forever in the heart of the people. 3rd ed., Ext. and rev. Minsk, 1984. - S. 165.
- Kuznetsov P. Ya. Erofeevskikh Leonid Konstantinovich // Calendar-reference book of the Perm Region for 1965. - Perm, 1968. - S. 173-174.
- Memoirs
- Kondaurov I.A. Erofeyev guardsmen // Until the last breath. - Perm, 1966 .-- S. 11-16.
- On the Berezina // Vovchenko I.A. Tankists / Literary record of Pavel Fedorovich Avtomonov. Translation from Ukrainian Konstantin Danilovich Trofimov. - M .: DOSAAF, 1976.- S. 237. - 254 p. - (“For the honor and glory of the Motherland”). Circulation of 100,000 copies.
- Articles
- Halilulaev B. We are faithful to this memory: To the 85th anniversary of the birth of L.K. Erofeevsky // Priobsk Territory. - September 12, 1998 .-- S. 2.
- The war knocked on every house // Priobsk Territory. - May 6, 1995. - No. 34. - S. 2.
- At the cost of life // Banner of October. - October 16, 1984. - No. 124. - S. 3.
Links
Erofeevsky, Leonid Konstantinovich . Site " Heroes of the country ".
- Erofeevsky Leonid Konstantinovich . Encyclopedia "Perm Territory". Date of treatment November 23, 2014.
- Heroes of the Soviet Union are our fellow countrymen . Karagay inter-settlement library. Date of treatment November 24, 2014.