Napoleon Joseph Charles Paul Bonapart , who bore the title of Prince of France, Count of Medon, Count of Moncalieri ad personam , but better known as Prince Napoleon or Plomne Plone (September 9, 1822, Trieste - March 17, 1891, Rome ) is the second son of Jerome Bonaparte , King of Westphalia from his second wife Catherine of Württemberg [1] .
| Napoleon Joseph | |||||||
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| fr Napoleon Joseph Charles Paul Bonaparte | |||||||
 Portrait work J.-I. Flandrene (1860) | |||||||
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| Predecessor | Napoleon IV | ||||||
| Successor | Napoleon V | ||||||
| Birth | September 9, 1822 Trieste , Austrian Empire | ||||||
| Death | March 17, 1891 (68 years) Rome , Kingdom of Italy | ||||||
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| Rod | Bonapartes | ||||||
| Father | Jerome Bonaparte | ||||||
| Mother | Catherine Württemberg | ||||||
| Spouse | Clotilde of Savoy | ||||||
| Children | Bonaparte, Napoleon Victor Jérôme Frederick Bonaparte, Louis Napoleon Joseph Jérôme Bonaparte, Maria Letitia | ||||||
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Content
Biography
Born in Trieste, the Austrian Empire (now Italy ). He gained popularity by playing on his connections with Napoleon I. After the revolution of 1848 in France, he was elected to the National Assembly as the representative of Corsica . He was a close advisor to his cousin - Napoleon III - and, in particular, was considered the main advocate of the French intervention in Italy in the interests of Camillo Cavour and the Italian nationalists. Being a clerical and liberal, he led a group at court and tried to convince the emperor to pursue an anticlerical policy in opposition to the influence of Empress Eugenia , a devout Catholic and a supporter of conservative views, patron saint of those who wanted to defend the sovereignty of the pope in Rome by French troops. The emperor had to maneuver between these influences throughout his reign.
When his cousin became president (1848), Joseph Napoleon was appointed plenipotentiary minister to Spain. Later he participated in the Crimean War with the rank of divisional general, was the governor of Algeria and the corps commander in the French Italian army (1859) . His curious nickname Plon-Plon comes from his pronunciation of the name Napoleon in childhood. The nickname Craint-Plomb (from fr. “Fearful of Lead”) was given to him by the military because of his absence in the battle of Solferino .
The policy of the union of his cousin with the Sardinian kingdom led in 1859 to the marriage of Prince Napoleon to Marie Clotilde , the daughter of Victor-Emmanuel II of Sardinian . This couple had three children:
- Napoleon Victor (1862–1926), later the head of the House of Bonapartes, married Clementine of Belgium ;
- Louis Napoleon (1864-1932), a Russian general, died unmarried and without heirs;
- Letitia (1866–1926), married to her uncle, king of Spain, Amadeus I.
After the death in 1879 of the Prince of Napoleon Eugene (Napoleon IV), Prince Napoleon became the genealogically most senior member of the Bonaparte family. But the will of the prince of the empire excluded him from the list of inheritance, appointing the son of Napoleon Joseph, Napoleon Victor Jerome Frederick Bonaparte (Napoleon V) , the new head of the family. Undoubtedly, this decision was influenced by hostile relations between Napoleon Eugene and his cousin uncle. As a result, Prince Napoleon quarreled with his son throughout the rest of his life.
His grandson, the son of Victor, Prince Louis Napoleon (Napoleon VI) (1914-1997), was the head of the Bonapartes dynasty, and the son of the latter, Prince Napoleon Joseph Charles Paul Bonaparte II (Charles-Marie Jerome Victor) (born 1950) is recognized as part of the Bonapartists head of the house Bonaparte. Charles Napoleon has a son, Jean-Christophe Napoleon (Napoleon VII) (born 1986) and a brother, Jerome Xavier Bonaparte (born 1957, single). From the rest of Napoleon's brothers there are no longer any legitimate heirs through the male line. However, there are a significant number of illegal heirs of Napoleon I himself, the descendants of his son Count Kolonna-Valevsky from Countess Maria Valevskaya .
Napoleon Joseph died in Rome, was buried in Turin with his wife.
Results of the Greek Plebiscite
In 1862 , after the overthrow in Greece as a result of the uprising of the reigning King Otto I (of the Wittelsbach family), the Greeks held a plebiscite at the end of the year for a new monarch. There were no ballots with candidates, so any Greek subject could offer his candidacy or type of government in the country. The results were made public in February 1863 .
Among those who entered the Greeks, was Napoleon Joseph Bonaparte, he finished seventh and scored less than 0.5 percent of the vote. However, it should be recognized that representatives of the Russian, British and French ruling houses could not occupy the Greek throne according to the London Conference of 1832 [2] .
In fiction
Prince Napoleon appears in novel “Drawing Darkness”. He is mentioned in connection with the Crimean War and inheritance issues.
Notes
- ↑ Bonapartes // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : 86 t. (82 t. And 4 add.). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ In 1862, a Danish prince with only 0.00002% of the vote was elected King Archive dated February 14, 2015 on the Wayback Machine (eng.)