Red October (confectionery factory)

The date of foundation of the Einem company is considered to be 1849 . This year, on December 6, pastry chef Theodor Ferdinand von Einem “had the good fortune of delivering” products of his skill to the table of members of the imperial family, and for those products he received the highest approval of the Empress and Grand Duchesses. Only 2 years later, in 1851, a workshop for the production of sweets and chocolates opened on the Arbat, opened by Theodor Ferdinand von Einem, served by Württemberg. In 1867, in the directory "Factory enterprises of the Russian Empire" appears the entry: "Einem. Partnership of a steam factory of chocolate, sweets and tea biscuits. " In 1869, entrepreneur Julius Geys ( J. Heuss ) joined Einim. Together, they opened a pastry shop on Theater Square, bought the latest steam engine abroad and built the first factory building on the Sophia embankment of the Moscow River .

For each pound of new cookies sold, Einem donated five kopecks in silver, half of which went to Moscow charities and the other half went to the German school for the poor and orphans ^{[2] [3]} . The first official record of Einem. Partnership of a steam factory of chocolate, confection and tea biscuits ”appeared in 1867 in the directory“ Factory Enterprises of the Russian Empire ”. By this time, the company already had awards at All-Russian Manufacturing Exhibitions: bronze (1864) and silver (1865) medals. The company produced caramel , sweets , chocolate , cocoa drinks , marshmallows , cookies , biscuits , gingerbread cookies , glazed fruits, marmalade .

After the death of Einem in 1876, Julius Geis began to manage the factory, but he did not change the name of the company that became popular among Muscovites.

In 1889, in connection with the expansion of production, Geis acquired several sites on Bersenevskaya embankment . One of the first buildings built on the new site was the production building of the architect A.V. Flodin. Later, according to the project of architect A.M. Kalmykov , several more production buildings and apartment buildings were built, which formed the basis of the factory ensemble. The formation of the ensemble of the factory was completed in 1914 by the accession of the apartment house of the Cloth Factory, converted into garages. In total, 23 buildings were built for the Einem factory on the Bersenevsky site, which became the main one, ^[4] .

In 1896, at the All-Russian Industrial and Art Exhibition in Nizhny Novgorod , Einem products were awarded a gold medal, in 1900 the company received a Grand Prix at the World Exhibition in Paris for the range and quality of chocolate. In 1913, Einem was awarded the title of Supplier of the Court of His Imperial Majesty.

By the beginning of the 20th century, Einem owned two factories in Moscow, branches in Simferopol and Riga, several stores in Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod.

• Labels for Einem products by Manuil Andreyev
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After the October Revolution of 1917, the factory was nationalized and became known as “State Confectionery Factory No. 1, formerly Einem,” in 1922 it was renamed “Red October”.

Production at the factory was not stopped, and by 1925 the production level of 1913-1914 was already closed. At this time, the Golden Label chocolate, the sweets “Creamy Fudge with Candied Fruit”, “Creamy Toffee”, “Bear-toed Bear” (produced by the Einem partnership at the beginning of the 20th century), “Southern Night”, and iris “Kis-kis” are being developed ". In the late 1930s, a large-scale reconstruction of the factory buildings on Bersenevskaya embankment was carried out ^[4] .

During the Great Patriotic War, the production of confectionery products at the factory was practically suspended: “Guards” and “Kola” chocolates were produced with a high content of theobromine and caffeine . In addition, cereal concentrates and signal checkers were produced. For the valiant work in the name of the Victory, the staff of the “Red October” was awarded seven times the challenge badge of the State Defense Committee. In 1946, the banner was transferred to the factory for eternal storage.

After the war, the complex introduced mechanized production lines for the production of caramel and toffee. Production continued to grow, and in the 1960s expansion of the factory premises on Bersenevskaya embankment was required; some buildings were built ^[4] .

In 1966, the factory was awarded the Order of Lenin , and its director Anna Grinenko became the Hero of Socialist Labor .

In 1992, the factory was transformed into an open joint stock company . In 1999, the company acquired the St. Petersburg Confectionery Factory named after Samoilova (formerly the J. Bormann Partnership).

In 1994, a museum was created in the factory building on Bersenevskaya Embankment.

In the 2000s, the factory became a part of the United Confectioners company of the Russian financial and industrial group Guta , which consolidated significant confectionery and industrial assets, in particular, the company also included the Babaevsky Confectionery Factory (the former Apricot and Sons partnership) and the factory "Rot Front" (formerly Lenovy Trading House).

In 2004, the first stage of the Patriarchal Bridge opened, providing a convenient approach to the nearest metro station ( Kropotkinskaya ), and from this time on, the formation of an exhibition and trade complex in the factory began. September 18, 2004 in the premises of the former garages of the factory ^[5] “Red October” ^[6] at the initiative of the artist Vladimir Dubosarsky , the ARTStrelka cultural center was opened, which lasted until 2009. Later, numerous art exhibitions, contemporary art fairs were held on the territory of the factory, art galleries were opened.

In 2007, production was moved to a new building with an area of ​​48 thousand m² on the territory of the Babaevskaya factory on Malaya Krasnoselskaya Street , production capacities here increased by 45% ^[7] . The legal entity “Red October” ^[8] , whose shares as of 2015 are traded on the Moscow Stock Exchange (ticker KROT ), has been KROT . The new owner of the former factory buildings, Guta Development , leases premises; among the tenants are Strelka Institute , VTsIOM , several architectural bureaus, the Digital October conference center, several exhibition centers, restaurants and shops ^[9] . A museum remained in the former factory complex, as well as handmade chocolate workshops.