Greater London ( eng. Greater London ) is an administrative unit in England , usually also known as London . It consists of 32 districts ( London Borough ) and the City of London . It was formed in 1965 from London County and parts of other nearby counties. The name Greater London itself in different values existed before the formation of the current administrative unit.
| region and ceremonial county | |||||
| Greater London | |||||
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| English Greater london | |||||
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| A country |  Great Britain | ||||
| Enters into | England | ||||
| Includes | 32 District and the City of London | ||||
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| Square | 1572 [1] km² (9th place ) | ||||
| Timezone | and | ||||
| Population | |||||
| Population | 8 308 400 people ( 2012 ) | ||||
| Density | 5285.24 p / km² | ||||
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Since 1994 (under the name of London) is also one of the nine regions of England and subsequently the unit of the first level within the Nomenclature of territorial units for the purposes of statistics of the European Union.
The Britannica Encyclopedia defines Greater London as a metropolitan county [3] , although it does not officially have this status.
The city has a special political status and is headed by the Lord Mayor of the City of London . The monarch reserves the right to create a Lieutenant commission with the functions of Lord Lieutenant .
Content
History
London is divided into the City and much larger Greater London. This division exists because after London grew and swallowed a number of neighboring settlements, several administrative reforms could not unite the City with the rest of the capital, and its unique political structure has been preserved to this day. The expansion of London continued, various arrangements made since 1855, allowed him to regulate a larger and larger area until in 1965 a new administrative unit was created - Greater London.
The term Greater London was used until 1965, denoting the territory that coincided with the city police district (for example, in the 1901 census), [4] the city water council (approved by the London County Council for statistical purposes), [5] the London territory of passenger transport and the area defined by the general registrar as an agglomeration of Greater London . [6] Between 1913 and 1916, the Greater London Highway Program was developed. [7] The earliest form of the new administrative unit was the Greater London Region Plan , developed in 1927. Then, according to the plan, the region included 4810 km 2 and 9 million people lived in it. [five]
The Official Establishment of Greater London
Greater London was formed in 1965 by combining the administrative county of London , the county city of London City , most of the administrative county of Middlesex and parts of the administrative county of Kent , Surrey , Essex and Hertfordshire into one particular administrative-territorial unit.
Geography
The smallest region of England covers an area of 1,572 km² and is bordered in the north with the region of East Anglia , in the south with the region of South East England .
City agglomerations
On the territory of the Greater London region is located the main part of the largest urban agglomeration in Great Britain , in which, according to the Ministry of Statistics from 2012, 8,308,400 people live [8] .
Demographics
According to the data of 2012, 8,308,400 people live in the territory of Greater London (second place among the regions), with an average population density of 5,285.24 people / km².
Policy and administration
Authority and local government
The Greater London Administration was created on July 3, 2000 (instead of the Greater London Council abolished in 1986) and provides support to the work of the Mayor of London and his team, as well as the London Assembly, in representing the interests of the people of London. In contrast to the elected position of the Mayor and the elected Assembly, the Greater London Administration is a permanent body [9] .
The mayor of London is elected by the inhabitants of Greater London by direct vote. On May 6, 2008, Boris Johnson , born in 1964 in New York ( USA ), a member of the Conservative Party of Great Britain, became the second Mayor of London [10] .
The London Assembly consists of 25 members:
- 14 members - one from each of the 14 constituencies of Greater London
- 11 members of the Assembly - from each of the parties, in proportion to the votes cast in the London-wide voting, the party must receive at least 5% of the votes
As a result of the last election, 12 members of the Assembly are representatives of the Labor Party [11]
Districts of London
Greater London consists of 32 administrative units called borough (in the list from 2 to 33) and the ceremonial county of the City of London (first in the list). 12 Borough and City form Inner London ( eng. Inner London ), the other 20 - Outside London ( eng. Outer London ). The city is not a borough, it is an administrative unit with a special “ Sui generis ” status.
The list in parentheses shows the population data according to the 2011 census [12] .
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Status City:
- The City of London is governed by the local council [13] and headed by the mayor since no later than 1189, when the first Lord Mayor of the City of London known to us (then simply the Mayor of London) was Henry Fitz-Ailuin ( ) [14 ] .
- The Westminster City, within its present borders, has been governed by the local council and headed by the Lord Mayor of Westminster since 1965 [15] .
Ceremonial Functions
Ceremonial functions in the region are divided between two ceremonial counties - Greater London and the City of London . The representatives of the monarch in these ceremonial counties are the Lord Lieutenant of Greater London [16] and Her Majesty's Lieutenant Commission in the City of London, headed by the Lord Mayor of the City of London [17] [18] .
Twin Cities
- Berlin , Germany ( 2000 )
- Moscow , Russia ( 1561 )
- New York , USA ( 2001 )
- Paris , France
- Beijing , PRC ( 2006 ) [19]
- Tokyo , Japan ( 2005 )
See also
- List of sites of special scientific value of Greater London
Notes
- ↑ Greater London - Overview (unavailable link) . STEMNET. The date of circulation is December 20, 2011. Archived June 25, 2012.
- ↑ 4 // London Government Act 1963
- ↑ Greater London
- ↑ Vision of Britain - 1901 Census: Preliminary Report
- ↑ 1 2 Young, K. & Garside, P., Metropolitan London: Politics and Urban Change , (1982)
- Ester Westergaard, J., The Structure of the Greater London , London: Aspects of Change, (1961)
- Motor The Motorway Archive - The London Orbital Motorway (M25) . Archived July 20, 2009.
- ↑ 2011 Census, Population and Household Estimates for the United Kingdom : ( 2011 Census: QS211EW Ethnic group (detailed), wards in England and Wales (ZIP 7239Kb) )
- ↑ Greater London Administration (inaccessible link) . Archived November 26, 2010.
- ↑ Boris Johnson on the Greater London Administration website (Inaccessible link) . Archived November 26, 2010.
- ↑ Composition of the London Assembly (not available link) . Archived November 26, 2010.
- 8 "Table 8a Mid-2011 Population Estimates: Selected Age Groups for Local Authorities in England and Wales; Estimated Resident Population;" (eng.) census of the population of England and Wales, 2011, ONS
- ↑ History of Local Government of the City of London . Archived September 19, 2010.
- ↑ The Story of the Lord Mercy of the City of London . Archived September 28, 2011.
- ↑ History of Lord Mercy in Westminster (Not available link) . Archived August 13, 2012.
- ↑ Lord Lieutenant of Greater London
- ↑ Not to be confused with the Mayor of London
- ↑ Functions of the Lord Mayor of the City of London (inaccessible link) . Archived October 28, 2012.
- China Daily / T. Wensheng - 500000 - 1981. - ISSN 0253-9543